scholarly journals Effects of calcium magnesium carbonate and roughage level on feedlot performance, ruminal metabolism, and site and extent of digestion in steers fed high-grain diets1,2

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. 2998-3013 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. I. Crawford ◽  
C. D. Keeler ◽  
J. J. Wagner ◽  
C. R. Krehbiel ◽  
G. E. Erickson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Carbonate ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

scholarly journals Onset of acid-neutralizing action of a calcium/magnesium carbonate-based antacid using an artificial stomach model: an in vitro evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim Voropaiev ◽  
Deborah Nock
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Magnesium Carbonate ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Pepsin Activity ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
Time Required

Abstract Background Calcium carbonate antacids are potent over-the-counter antacids, made more effective by adding magnesium carbonate (as in Rennie, Bayer). However, published studies on their onset of action are scarce. Therefore, we carried out an in vitro study comparing Rennie and placebo under simulated conditions of the human stomach (artificial stomach model) to reconfirm the onset of action of Rennie. Methods The validated Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem apparatus (SHIME, ProDigest, Belgium) was used, comprising five reactors simulating different parts of the human gastrointestinal tract. Both Rennie and placebo were dosed at two tablets per incubation over six independent, 2-h stomach incubations each. Primary objectives: to evaluate the time required to achieve pH 3.0, 3.5, 4.0 and 4.5, as well as the maximum pH reached. Secondary objective: to evaluate pepsin activity over the entire 2-h gastric incubation. Results After addition of Rennie, the gastric medium reached a pH of 3.0 within 40 s. The maximum pH of 5.24 was maintained for almost 10 min. In contrast, the maximum pH with placebo was 1.28 during the entire gastric simulation. Furthermore, Rennie strongly reduced the activity of mucosa-damaging pepsin during the period of increased pH. With placebo, the lower pH resulted in consistently high loads of digested peptides, reflecting the high cumulative and instantaneous pepsin activity. Conclusions New data is a critical component in informed decision making. Our data confirm the high efficacy and fast onset of acid-neutralizing action of Rennie, which begins to work within seconds.

scholarly journals Amorphous Calcium–Magnesium Carbonate (ACMC) Accelerates Dolomitization at Room Temperature under Abiotic Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 1434-1441 ◽  
Author(s):  
German Montes-Hernandez ◽  
François Renard ◽  
Anne-Line Auzende ◽  
Nathaniel Findling
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Magnesium Carbonate ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

scholarly journals Effect of an industrial chemical waste on the uptake of cations by green oat

2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 629-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hortensia Radulescu ◽  
Lidia Taubert ◽  
Sándor Kiss ◽  
Ecaterina Princz ◽  
Éva Stefanovits-Bányai
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Magnesium Carbonate ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Chemical Waste ◽  
Copper Compounds ◽  
Industrial Manufacture ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Iron And Manganese ◽  
Manganese Chromium

Calcium carbonate, obtained as a waste in the industrial manufacture of magnesium carbonate and magnesium oxide from dolomites, can be applied in agriculture. The appreciable amounts of calcium and magnesium in this waste, together with impurities such as iron, zinc, manganese, chromium and copper compounds can be useful in soil amendment and plant nutrition. This paper presents preliminary results of the testing of several waste doses on soil, pursuing their effect on the uptake of cations by green oat (Avena sativa L.). The obtained results show an increase in the amount of calcium, magnesium, zinc and copper found in green oat plants, as well as a decrease of the content of iron and manganese with increasing waste dose. These results may be explained by lower absorptions of iron and manganese because of the antagonistic effect created by high amounts of calcium and magnesium, as well as by the presence of copper and zinc. .

scholarly journals MgCaCO3Versus CaCO3in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients – a Cross-over Pilot Trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baigalmaa Evsanaa ◽  
Irene Liu ◽  
Babak Aliazardeh ◽  
Sara Mahdavi ◽  
Gursarn Bajwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Magnesium Carbonate ◽  
Serum Phosphate ◽  
Phosphate Binders ◽  
Serum Phosphate Level ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

BackgroundDespite adverse effects such as constipation, vascular calcification, and hypercalcemia, calcium-based salts are relatively affordable and effective phosphate binders that remain in widespread use in the dialysis population. We conducted a pilot study examining whether the use of a combined magnesium/calcium-based binder was as effective as calcium carbonate at lowering serum phosphate levels in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.MethodsThis was a cross-over, investigator-masked pilot study in which prevalent PD patients received calcium carbonate alone (200 mg calcium per tablet) or calcium magnesium carbonate (100 mg calcium, 85 mg magnesium per tablet). Primary outcome was serum phosphate level at 3 months. Analysis was as per protocol.ResultsTwenty patients were recruited, 17 completed the study. Mean starting dose was 11.35 ± 7.04 pills per day of MgCaCO3and 9.00 ± 4.97 pills per day of CaCO3. Mean phosphate levels fell from 2.13 mmol/L to 2.01 mmol/L (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.76 – 2.30, p = 0.361) in the MgCaCO3group, and 1.81 mmol/L (95% CI: 1.56 – 2.0, p = 0.026) in the CaCO3alone group. Six (35%) patients taking MgCaCO3and 9 (54%) taking CaCO3alone achieved Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) serum phosphate targets at 3 months. Diarrhea developed in 9 patients taking MgCaCO3and 3 taking CaCO3. Serum magnesium exceeded 1.4 mmol/L in 5 patients taking MgCaCO3while serum calcium exceeded 2.65 mmol/L in 3 patients receiving CaCO3. When compared to the initial dose, the prescribed dose at 3 months was reduced by 44% (to 6.41 tablets/day) in the MgCaCO3group and by 8% (to 8.24 pills per day) in the CaCO3alone group.ConclusionCompared with CaCO3alone, the preparation and dose of MgCaCO3used in this pilot study was no better at lowering serum phosphate levels in PD patients, and was associated with more dose-limiting side effects.

THE REQUIREMENTS AND ROLE OF POTASSIUM IN OVINE NUTRITION

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. Campbell ◽  
W. K. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
High Dietary Level ◽  
Low Potassium ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Balance Trials

The role of potassium in ovine nutrition was investigated by using 76 western range lambs in a 56-day feeding trial, a 56-day equalized feeding trial, and two 30-day balance trials. A semipurified ration (.046% potassium) was used and potassium was added as K2CO3. The level of potassium necessary to promote optimum feedlot performance was between 0.3 and 0.5% of the air-dry ration. A marked decrease in appetite was observed in lambs consuming a ration containing 0.1% potassium compared with one containing 0.5% potassium. Lambs receiving a ration containing 0.7% potassium gained significantly (P < 0.05) more body weight than lambs receiving a 0.3% potassium ration in the equalized feeding trial. Results of the balance studies suggested that the daily potassium maintenance requirement was less than 56.1 meq (63.6 mg/kg body weight). Low potassium intakes resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) lower serum levels of potassium and phosphorus with little change in serum sodium, calcium, magnesium, or chloride. Potassium depletion also resulted in a decrease in skeletal and heart muscle potassium and an increase in liver potassium. Apparent intestinal absorption of sodium was impaired by a relatively high dietary level of potassium (94.4 meq daily) while lower levels of potassium resulted in increased urinary sodium losses. Nitrogen balance was decreased when a low level of potassium (13.7 meq daily) was fed; however, potassium intake had no effect on apparent digestibilities of nitrogen, dry matter, or energy.

scholarly journals Assessment of Seawater Intrusion into Shallow Coastal Aquifer in Kanyakumari District, Tamilnadu, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 3006-3014
Keyword(s):  
Seawater Intrusion ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Magnesium Carbonate ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Shallow Aquifer ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

Improved use of groundwater is often causing intrusion of seawater. The intrusion of seawater also takes place in coastal areas. In this analysis, the distribution and the levels of intrusion in the research area (Kanyakumari district, Tamilnadu, India) are determined. The test was done using random samples at a period of 15 days in which 30 different samples were taken in 5 different locations with a certain distance from the seashore, then chemical analysis including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride, sodium, calcium, magnesium, carbonate, and bicarbonate water quality parameters were carried out. Chloride Bicarbonate Ratio was used for the calculation of the penetration rate of the seawater, and subsequently chloride and electric conductivity were defined as type and quality of water characters. The results showed that the shallow aquifer was intruded by seawater at several sample levels, which was included in the normal to high intrusion classification. The sea water intrusion was classified as freshwater to saltwater, the concentrations in chloride ranged from 159 to 6021 mg / L. The ratio of bicarbonate chloride was 0.28 to 21.46, normally above 15.5, indicating that groundwater was disturbed. As a result, in comparison to standards or other seawater intrusion indicators, Rajakamangalam-well 1 (RM-W1) has been affected by seawater intrusion highly.

scholarly journals Clay minerals affect calcium (magnesium) carbonate precipitation and aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 567 ◽  
pp. 116971
Author(s):  
Zsombor Molnár ◽  
Péter Pekker ◽  
István Dódony ◽  
Mihály Pósfai
Keyword(s):  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Magnesium Carbonate ◽  
Carbonate Precipitation ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

scholarly journals Effects of calcium-magnesium carbonate and calcium-magnesium hydroxide as supplemental sources of magnesium on microbial fermentation in a dual-flow continuous culture

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Arce-Cordero ◽  
H F Monteiro ◽  
V L N Brandao ◽  
X Dai ◽  
S L Bennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Hydroxide ◽  
Magnesium Carbonate ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Microbial Fermentation ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Orthogonal Contrasts ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Molar Proportion ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Ph Curve

Abstract Supplemental sources of Mg can also aid in ruminal pH regulation due to their alkaline properties. Magnesium oxide (MgO) is the most common source of Mg for ruminants and can help controlling ruminal pH; however, alkaline potential of other sources of Mg has not been evaluated. We aimed to evaluate the inclusion of calcium-magnesium carbonate (CaMg(CO3)2) and calcium-magnesium hydroxide (CaMg(OH)4) alone or in combination as supplemental sources of Mg in corn silage-based diets and its impact on ruminal microbial fermentation. We hypothesized that inclusion of CaMg(OH)4 would allow for ruminal fermentation conditions resulting in a greater pH compared to inclusion of CaMg(CO3)2. Four treatments were defined by the supplemental source of Mg in the diet: 1) Control (100% MgO, plus sodium sesquicarbonate as a buffer); 2) CO3 [100% CaMg(CO3)2]; 3) OH [100% CaMg(OH)4]; and 4) CO3/OH [50% Mg from CaMg(CO3)2, 50% Mg from CaMg(OH)4]. Nutrient concentration was held constant across treatments (16% CP, 30% NDF, 1.66 MCal NEl/kg, 0.67% Ca, and 0.21% Mg). Four fermenters were used in a 4x4 Latin Square design with 4 periods of 10 d each. Samples were collected for analyses of nutrient digestibility, soluble Mg, VFA, and NH3, while pH was measured at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 h post morning feeding to estimate % time when pH was below 6 (pH-B6) and area under the pH curve for pH below 6.0 (pH-AUC). Bacteria pellets were harvested for 15N analysis and estimates of N metabolism. Treatment effects were analyzed with the mixed procedure of SAS, while effects of using either CaMg(CO3)2 or CaMg(OH)4 as Mg source in comparison to Control treatment were evaluated by orthogonal contrasts. Similar pH-related variables were observed for Control, OH, and CO3/OH treatments, which had smaller pH-AUC and pH-B6 than CO3 (P ≤ 0.01). Butyrate molar proportion was greater in Control and CO3/OH than in CO3 and OH (P = 0.04). Orthogonal contrasts showed lower flow of bacterial N (P = 0.04), lower butyrate molar proportion (P = 0.08) and greater pH-AUC (P = 0.05) for diets with CaMg(CO3)2 in comparison with the Control. Concentration of soluble Mg in ruminal fluid (P = 0.73) and nutrient digestibility (P ≥ 0.52) were similar across treatments. Under the conditions of this experiment, using CaMg(OH)4 alone or combined with CaMg(CO3)2 allowed for a less acidic ruminal fermentation pattern than a diet with only CaMg(CO3)2.

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