scholarly journals Bovine respiratory disease in feedlot cattle: Phenotypic, environmental, and genetic correlations with growth, carcass, and longissimus muscle palatability traits1

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (8) ◽  
pp. 1885-1892 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Snowder ◽  
L. D. Van Vleck ◽  
L. V. Cundiff ◽  
G. L. Bennett ◽  
M. Koohmaraie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Longissimus Muscle

scholarly journals Evaluation of fixed sources of variation and estimation of genetic parameters for incidence of bovine respiratory disease in preweaned calves and feedlot cattle12

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 1220-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Schneider ◽  
R. G. Tait ◽  
M. V. Ruble ◽  
W. D. Busby ◽  
J. M. Reecy
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Treatment Frequency ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT The primary objective of this study was to estimate variance components and heritability of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) incidence in beef calves before weaning and during the finishing phase. The second objective was to investigate the impact of BRD incidence and treatment frequency on performance and carcass traits. Bovine respiratory disease is the biggest and most costly health challenge facing the cattle industry. The 2 populations used consisted of 1,519 preweaned calves and 3,277 head of feedlot cattle. The incidence rate of BRD in preweaned calves was 11.39%, and among treated cattle, 82.1% were treated once, 13.9% were treated twice, and 4.0% were treated 3 times or more. The incidence of BRD (P = 0.35) and the number of treatments (P = 0.77) had no significant effect on weaning BW. Heritability estimates of the entire preweaned population for BRD resistance and number of treatments were 0.11 ± 0.06 and 0.08 ± 0.05, respectively. The genetic correlation estimates for BRD incidence with weaning BW and birth BW were low (−0.02 ± 0.32 and 0.07 ± 0.27, respectively). The same estimate for the number of BRD treatments with weaning BW and birth BW was 0.25 ± 0.35 and 0.30 ± 0.27, respectively. The observed BRD incidence rate for feedlot cattle was observed at 9.43%. Incidence of BRD significantly (P < 0.01) decreased overall and acclimation ADG by 0.06 ± 0.01 kg/d and 0.28 ± 0.03 kg/d, respectively. Carcass traits were also significantly (P < 0.05) affected by BRD incidence; untreated cattle had a 9.1 ± 1.7-kg heavier HCW. Results were similar in the analysis of treatment frequency. The heritability estimate of BRD incidence and the number of treatments were 0.07 ± 0.04 and 0.02 ± 0.03, respectively. Estimates of genetic correlations of BRD incidence with production traits were −0.63 ± 0.22 for acclimation ADG, −0.04 ± 0.23 for on-test ADG, −0.31 ± 0.21 for overall ADG, −0.39 ± 0.21 for final BW, −0.22 ± 0.22 for HCW, −0.03 ± 0.22 for LM area, 0.24 ± 0.25 for fat, and −0.43 ± 0.20 for marbling score. Similar results for the number of treatments and production traits were −1.00 ± 0.68 for acclimation ADG, −0.04 ± 0.39 for on-test ADG, −0.47 ± 0.41 for overall ADG, −0.66 ± 0.40 for final BW, −0.58 ± 0.45 for HCW, −0.12 ± 0.38 for LM area, 0.42 ± 0.50 for fat, and −0.32 ± 0.37 for marbling score. Because of the high economic cost associated with BRD incidence, even these modest estimates for heritability of BRD resistance should be considered for incorporation into beef cattle breeding programs.

scholarly journals A systematic review and network meta-analysis of injectable antibiotic options for the control of bovine respiratory disease in the first 45 days post arrival at the feedlot

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-181
Author(s):  
A. M. O'Connor ◽  
D. Hu ◽  
S. C. Totton ◽  
N. Scott ◽  
C. B. Winder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Citation Index ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Freedom Of Information ◽  
Biological Index

AbstractWe conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis to determine the comparative efficacy of antibiotics used to control bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in beef cattle on feedlots. The information sources for the review were: MEDLINE®, MEDLINE In-Process and MEDLINE® Daily, AGRICOLA, Epub Ahead of Print, Cambridge Agricultural and Biological Index, Science Citation Index, Conference Proceedings Citation Index – Science, the Proceedings of the American Association of Bovine Practitioners, World Buiatrics Conference, and the United States Food and Drug Administration Freedom of Information New Animal Drug Applications summaries. The eligible population was weaned beef cattle raised in intensive systems. The interventions of interest were injectable antibiotics used at the time the cattle arrived at the feedlot. The outcome of interest was the diagnosis of BRD within 45 days of arrival at the feedlot. The network meta-analysis included data from 46 studies and 167 study arms identified in the review. The results suggest that macrolides are the most effective antibiotics for the reduction of BRD incidence. Injectable oxytetracycline effectively controlled BRD compared with no antibiotics; however, it was less effective than macrolide treatment. Because oxytetracycline is already commonly used to prevent, control, and treat BRD in groups of feedlot cattle, the use of injectable oxytetracycline for BRD control might have advantages from an antibiotic stewardship perspective.

scholarly journals Detection and characterization of viruses as field and vaccine strains in feedlot cattle with bovine respiratory disease

Vaccine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (30) ◽  
pp. 3478-3492 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.W. Fulton ◽  
J.M. d’Offay ◽  
C. Landis ◽  
D.G. Miles ◽  
R.A. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Feedlot Cattle

scholarly journals Development of Bacterial Therapeutics against the Bovine Respiratory Pathogen Mannheimia haemolytica

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samat Amat ◽  
Edouard Timsit ◽  
Danica Baines ◽  
Jay Yanke ◽  
Trevor W. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Commensal Bacteria ◽  
Mannheimia Haemolytica ◽  
Respiratory Pathogen ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in beef cattle. Recent evidence suggests that commensal bacteria of the bovine nasopharynx have an important role in maintaining respiratory health by providing colonization resistance against pathogens. The objective of this study was to screen and select bacterial therapeutic candidates from the nasopharynxes of feedlot cattle to mitigate the BRD pathogen Mannheimia haemolytica. In a stepwise approach, bacteria (n = 300) isolated from the nasopharynxes of 100 healthy feedlot cattle were identified and initially screened (n = 178 isolates from 12 different genera) for growth inhibition of M. haemolytica. Subsequently, selected isolates were evaluated for the ability to adhere to bovine turbinate (BT) cells (n = 47), compete against M. haemolytica for BT cell adherence (n = 15), and modulate gene expression in BT cells (n = 10). Lactobacillus strains had the strongest inhibition of M. haemolytica, with 88% of the isolates (n =33) having inhibition zones ranging from 17 to 23 mm. Adherence to BT cells ranged from 3.4 to 8.0 log10 CFU per 105 BT cells. All the isolates tested in competition assays reduced M. haemolytica adherence to BT cells (32% to 78%). Among 84 bovine genes evaluated, selected isolates upregulated expression of interleukin 8 (IL-8) and IL-6 (P < 0.05). After ranking isolates for greatest inhibition, adhesion, competition, and immunomodulation properties, 6 Lactobacillus strains from 4 different species were selected as the best candidates for further development as intranasal bacterial therapeutics to mitigate M. haemolytica infection in feedlot cattle. IMPORTANCE Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a significant animal health issue impacting the beef industry. Current BRD prevention strategies rely mainly on metaphylactic use of antimicrobials when cattle enter feedlots. However, a recent increase in BRD-associated bacterial pathogens that are resistant to metaphylactic antimicrobials highlights a pressing need for the development of novel mitigation strategies. Based upon previous research showing the importance of respiratory commensal bacteria in protecting against bronchopneumonia, this study aimed to develop bacterial therapeutics that could be used to mitigate the BRD pathogen Mannheimia haemolytica. Bacteria isolated from the respiratory tracts of healthy cattle were characterized for their inhibitory, adhesive, and immunomodulatory properties. In total, 6 strains were identified as having the best properties for use as intranasal therapeutics to inhibit M. haemolytica. If successful in vivo, these strains offer an alternative to metaphylactic antimicrobial use in feedlot cattle for mitigating BRD.

scholarly journals Detection and economic impact related to bovine respiratory disease, shrink, and traveling distance in feedlot cattle in Northwest Mexico

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 294-301
Author(s):  
José Luis RODRÍGUEZ-CASTILLO ◽  
Gilberto LÓPEZ-VALENCIA ◽  
Francisco Javier MONGE-NAVARRO ◽  
Gerardo Enrique MEDINA-BASULTO ◽  
Sawako HORI-OSHIMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Northwest Mexico
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