0877 Effect of protein supplementation on low-quality forage utilization and nitrogen balance by lambs drinking saline water

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. 421-422
Author(s):  
J. I. Arroquy ◽  
A. Lopez ◽  
A. Juarez Sequeira
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Forage Utilization

High Protein Intake during Continuous Hemodiafiltration: Impact on Amino Acids and Nitrogen Balance

2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bellomo ◽  
H. K. Tan ◽  
S. Bhonagiri ◽  
I. Gopal ◽  
J. Seacombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Continuous Hemodiafiltration ◽  
High Protein Intake

Aims To study the effect of combined continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) and high (2.5 g/kg/day) parenteral amino acid supplementation on nitrogen balance, amino acid losses and azotemic control in a cohort of patients with severe acute renal failure (ARF). Methods We administered 2.5 grams/kg/day of amino acids intravenously to seven critically ill patients with ARF. We obtained paired blood and ultrafiltrate (UF) samples (n=20) and calculated amino acid clearances and losses, nitrogen balance, protein catabolic rate and total nitrogen losses. Results The median total serum amino acid concentration was high at 5.2 mmol/L with particularly high concentrations of ornithine, lysine, and phenylalanine, but a low level of histidine. The median overall amino acid clearance was 18.6 ml/min (range: 12 to 29 ml/min). UF losses as percentage of administered dose were high for tyrosine (53.6 %) but low for methionine (3.0 %) and arginine (2.3 %). A positive nitrogen balance was achieved in 7 (35%) of the 20 study days with an overall median nitrogen balance of -1.8 g/day. Urea levels were maintained at a median of 26.6 mmol/L. Conclusions High protein intake increases the serum concentrations of most amino acids. Such protein supplementation, when coupled with CVVHDF, achieves a slightly negative overall nitrogen balance in extremely catabolic patients while still allowing adequate azotemic control.

scholarly journals Optimizing Nitrogen Balance Is Associated with Better Outcomes in Neurocritically Ill Patients

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3137
Author(s):  
Tae Jung Kim ◽  
Soo-Hyun Park ◽  
Hae-Bong Jeong ◽  
Eun Jin Ha ◽  
Won Sang Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Protein Balance ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Negative Balance ◽  
Nicu Admission

Marked protein catabolism is common in critically ill patients. We hypothesized that optimal protein supplementation using nitrogen balance might be associated with better outcomes in the neurointensive care unit (NICU) patients. A total of 175 patients admitted to the NICU between July 2017 and December 2018 were included. Nitrogen balance was measured after NICU admission and measurements were repeated in 77 patients. The outcomes were compared according to initial nitrogen balance results and improvement of nitrogen balance on follow-up measurements. A total of 140 (80.0%) patients had a negative nitrogen balance on initial assessments. The negative balance group had more events of in-hospital mortality and poor functional outcome at three months. In follow-up measurement patients, 39 (50.6%) showed an improvement in nitrogen balance. The improvement group had fewer events of in-hospital mortality (p = 0.047) and poor functional outcomes (p = 0.046). Moreover, improvement of nitrogen balance was associated with a lower risk of poor functional outcomes (Odds ratio, 0.247; 95% confidence interval, 0.066–0.925, p = 0.038). This study demonstrated that a significant proportion of patients in the NICU were under protein hypercatabolism. Moreover, an improvement in protein balance was related to improved outcomes in neurocritically ill patients. Further studies are needed to confirm the relationship between protein balance and outcomes.

scholarly journals PSX-10 Program Chair Poster Pick: Effects of meat goat breed, salinity of drinking water, and level of protein supplementation on intake and digestion

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 456-456
Author(s):  
Abdelhafid Keli ◽  
Chala Merera ◽  
Ryszard Puchala ◽  
Adaven Scronce ◽  
Luana P Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Meat Goats ◽  
Meat Goat ◽  
Water Treatments

Abstract The objective was to determine if effects of level of salinity in drinking water for yearling meat goat wethers consuming low-protein roughage are influenced by level of protein supplementation and breed. Eighteen Boer (initial BW of 37.9±1.12 kg and 1.15±0.009 yr) and 18 Spanish goats (33.5±0.66 kg and 1.16±0.008 yr) consumed wheat straw ad libitum for 10 wk. Soybean meal was supplemented at 0.13–0.14 or 0.27–0.28% BW (DM; Low and High, respectively) and water was fresh alone (240 mg/kg total dissolved salts) or with NaCl added at 5,000 or 10,000 mg/L (FW, MS, and HS, respectively). Final BW was not influenced by supplement or water treatments (P >0.12) and was greater (P = 0.003) for Boer vs. Spanish (38.6 and 34.7 kg; SEM=0.84). Water intake ranked (P < 0.05) FW< MS< HS (1,093, 1,295, and 1,541 g/d; SEM=66.6). Wheat straw DMI was similar between supplement treatments (684 and 692 g/d; SEM=21.1) and, thus, total DMI tended (P < 0.068) to be greater for High (733 and 793 g/d for Low and High, respectively; SEM=21.9). There was an interaction (P = 0.015) in total DMI between breed and water treatments because of a relatively low value for Spanish-FW (821, 733, and 811 for Boer and 636, 781, and 796 g/d for Spanish consuming FW, MS, and HS, respectively; SEM=38.0). Breed and water and supplement treatments did not influence the average of total tract digestibilities determined in wk 4 and 8 (P >010). In conclusion, these yearling meat goats displayed considerable tolerance of drinking water high in salinity as varied by NaCl addition, without consistent breed differences. Furthermore, under these conditions, effects of level of protein supplementation did not markedly differ among water treatments or between goat breeds. Future research should address animals with greater nutrient and energy demands and sources of saline water with various mineral arrays.

Optimizing nitrogen balance is associated with better outcomes in neurocritically ill patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Jung Kim ◽  
Soo-Hyun Park ◽  
Hae-Bong Jeong ◽  
Eun Jin Ha ◽  
Won Sang Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Negative Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Total Protein Intake ◽  
Gcs Score

Abstract Background Marked protein catabolism is common in patients with critical illness. We hypothesized that optimal protein supplementation using nitrogen balance might be associated with better clinical outcomes in patients in the neurointensive care unit (NICU).Methods A retrospective observational analysis was performed among patients admitted to the NICU between July 2017 and December 2018. Nitrogen balance was measured within 72 hours after NICU admission and measurements were repeated after 10 days in those who stayed in the NICU for more than 7 days. Nitrogen balance was calculated using a standard formula: total protein intake (grams)/6.25 – (urine urea nitrogen + 4 grams). Included patients were categorized into two groups (positive or negative) based on the initial nitrogen balance results. The rate of neurological worsening, defined by a worsening of ≥2 in the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, and in-hospital mortality were compared between patients who achieved the improvement of nitrogen balance on a follow-up measurement and those who failed to.Results A total of 175 patients were included, and 140 (80.0%) had a negative nitrogen balance on the initial assessment. The negative nitrogen balance group had a lower GCS, longer NICU stay, more events of neurological worsening, and higher in-hospital mortality. Among the 77 patients (44.0%) who underwent a follow-up measurement of nitrogen balance (on a median day of 10), 39 (50.6%) showed an improvement in nitrogen balance and thus received a higher amount of protein (1.94 g/kg/day) than those who did not show this improvement (1.28 g/kg/day) ( P < 0.001). The improvement group had fewer events of neurological worsening (15.4% vs. 36.8%, P = 0.032) and lower in-hospital mortality (12.8% vs. 31.6%, P = 0.047). However, there were no significant differences in baseline nitrogen balance, GCS, and the development of acute kidney injury between the two groups.Conclusions This study demonstrated that a significant proportion of patients in NICU were under protein hypercatabolism. An adequate provision of protein was associated with improved outcomes, suggesting the importance of protein supplementation in neurocritically ill patients.

scholarly journals Protein Supplementation Improves Performance of Lambs Fed Low-Quality Forage

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Belal S. Obeidat ◽  
Hadil S. Subih ◽  
Mysaa Ata
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Experimental Diet ◽  
Forage Utilization ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Awassi Lambs

The objective was to investigate the effect of supplementing Awassi lambs fed low-quality forage with soybean meal. Twenty-one lambs (initial body weight (BW) of 26.1 ± 2.57 kg) were randomly assigned to the study diets, 1) the basal diet (forage mix; CON; n = 7); 2) the basal diet supplemented with either 125 (SBM125; n = 7); or 3) with 250 (SBM250; n = 7) SBM g/head/day. The forage mix was composed of 65% wheat straw and 35% alfalfa hay. The experimental diet was offered to the animals for 54 days. On day 40, four animals from each group were chosen to assess N balance and nutrient digestibility. The intake of crude protein (CP) and dry matter (DM) was the highest (p < 0.016) in the SBM250 group, followed by the SBM125 group and the CON diet. Digestibility of DM and CP was higher (p <0.05) for the SBM-containing diets than the CON diet. Final BW and average daily gain were greater (p < 0.008) for lambs that consumed SBM-containing diets than for those that consumed the CON diet. In summary, the growth performance, forage utilization, and nutrient digestibility improved for lambs fed low-quality forage when supplemented with soybean meal.

Protein supplementation of ammoniated wheat straw: effect on performance and forage utilization of beef cattle

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 1595-1601 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Fike ◽  
D. D. Simms ◽  
R. C. Cochran ◽  
E. S. Vanzant ◽  
G. L. Kuhl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Forage Utilization

scholarly journals Effect of a Whey Protein Supplement on Preservation of Fat Free Mass in Overweight and Obese Individuals on an Energy Restricted Very Low Caloric Diet

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Larsen ◽  
Bo Bibby ◽  
Mette Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Physical Test

The obesity epidemic has caused a widespread interest in strategies to achieve a healthy “high quality” weight loss, where excess fat is lost, while fat free mass (FFM) is preserved. In this study, we aimed to examine the effect of whey protein supplementation given before night sleep on FFM preservation during a 4-week (wk) period on a very low caloric diet (VLCD). Twenty-nine obese subjects (body mass index (BMI) > 28 kg/m2) completed a 4-week intervention including a VLCD and a walking program (30 min walking × 5 times per week). Subjects were randomly assigned to either control (CON, n = 15) or a whey protein supplement (PRO, 0.4 g protein/kg/day, n = 14), ingested before bedtime. Body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, DXA), blood analysis and physical test were performed pre and post intervention. We measured nitrogen excretion in three 24 h urine collections (Day 0, 7 and 28) to assess nitrogen balance. Changes in nitrogen balance (NB) after 7 and 28 days was different between treatment groups (interaction p < 0.05). PRO was in NB after 7 days and in positive NB at day 28. In contrast, CON was in negative NB at day 7, but in NB at day 28. Nevertheless, no significant group differences were observed in the change in pre- and post-FFM measurements (−2.5 kg, [95% CI: 1.9; 3.1], p = 0.65). In conclusion, ingestion of a whey protein supplement before bedtime during a 4-week period on a VLCD improved nitrogen balance, but did not lead to any significant improvement in the quality of the weight loss in regard to observed changes in body composition and health parameters compared with controls.

scholarly journals 66 Effects of level of protein supplementation on intake of wheat straw and drinking water varying in salinity by Boer and Spanish goats

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 74-74
Author(s):  
Chala Merera ◽  
Abdelhafid Keli ◽  
Ryszard Puchala ◽  
Adaven Scronce ◽  
Luana P Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Supplemental Protein ◽  
Water Treatments

Abstract The effect of level of supplemental protein on intake of wheat straw by yearling meat goats drinking saline water was determined. Eighteen Boer and 18 Spanish wethers (initial BW 37.5±0.97 and 34.0±0.41 kg, respectively) consumed straw ad libitum supplemented with soybean meal DM at 0.14 or 0.28% BW (LP and HP, respectively) during 2 4-wk phases. Phase-1 water treatments were fresh water [FW; 233 ppm total dissolved salts (TDS)] and FW with 10,000 and 15,000 ppm TDS added via NaCl (MS and HS, respectively). The added TDS level for HS was 20,000 ppm in phase 2. In the preceding 8 wk, MS- and HS-wethers consumed water with 5,000 and 10,000 ppm TDS, respectively. There were no interactions between supplement and water treatments in water or DMI in the last 2 wk of phases. In phase 1, water intake varied among water treatments (1,075, 1,080, and 1,362 g/d; SEM=74.9) but was not influenced by supplement treatment (1,150 and 1,195 g/d; SEM=61.1), and DMI was similar for both water (603, 598, and 640 g/d for FW, MS, and HS, respectively; SEM=30.0) and supplement treatments (627 and 600 g/d for LP and HP, respectively; SEM=24.5). In phase 2, there was a breed×water treatment interaction (P = 0.039) in water intake (1,038, 1,178, and 1,907 for Boer and 744, 1,029, and 1,340 g/d for Spanish consuming FW, MS, and HS, respectively; SEM=77.7). However, straw intake was not influenced by water (717, 736, and 759 g/d for FW, MS, and HS, respectively; SEM=36.4) or supplement treatment (732 and 743 g/d for LP and HP, respectively; SEM=29.7). In conclusion, with relatively high levels of TDS in drinking water achieved by NaCl addition, a high level of supplemental protein did not enhance intake of wheat straw. However, future research should address other types of saline water.

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