Undegraded intake protein supplementation: I. Effects on forage utilization and performance of periparturient beef cows fed low-quality hay.

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 449 ◽  
Author(s):  
K E Sletmoen-Olson ◽  
J S Caton ◽  
K C Olson ◽  
L P Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cows ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Forage Utilization

Influence of amount and frequency of protein supplementation to ruminants consuming low-quality cool-season forages: Efficiency of nitrogen utilization in lambs and performance of gestating beef cows

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno I Cappellozza ◽  
David W Bohnert ◽  
Maria M Reis ◽  
Megan L Van Emon ◽  
Christopher S Schauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
And Performance ◽  
N Use

Abstract We evaluated the influence of amount and crude protein (CP) supplementation frequency (SF) on nitrogen (N) use by wethers and performance of late-gestation beef cows. In Exp. 1, 7 Western whiteface wethers (31.8 ± 1.4 kg) were used in an incomplete 7 × 4 Latin square to evaluate intake and N use. Wethers received 1 of 7 treatments in a 2 × 3 factorial design containing 2 levels of supplemental soybean meal offered at a rate of 100 (F) or 50 (H; 50% of F) % of the estimated CP requirement daily (D), once every 5 (5D) or once every 10 d (10D), plus a non-supplemented control (CON). Low -quality cool-season forage [4.9 % CP; dry matter (DM) basis] was provided daily for ad libitum intake. Experimental periods lasted 30 d. In Exp. 2, 84 Angus × Hereford cows (560 ± 35 kg) were stratified by age, body condition score (BCS), and expected calving date, and allocated to 1 of 21 feedlot pens (3 pens/treatment). Pens were randomly assigned to receive the same treatments as in Exp. 1 and cows had free access to low-quality cool-season forage (2.9% CP; DM basis). Cow body weight (BW) and BCS were measured every 14 d until calving and within 24 h after calving. In Exp. 1, supplementation did not alter total DM and organic matter (OM) intake (P ≥ 0.26), but both parameters linearly decreased as SF decreased (P = 0.02). Supplementation increased DM, OM, and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility (P ≤ 0.02). Additionally, F feeding linearly increased DM, OM, and NDF digestibility as SF decreased (P ≤ 0.04). Digestibility of N, N balance, and digested N retained were greater with supplementation (P < 0.01) and N digestibility linearly increased as SF decreased (P = 0.01). Mean PUN concentration was greater (P < 0.01) for supplemented vs. non-supplemented wethers, but also greater (P = 0.03) for F vs. H. In Exp. 2, pre-calving BCS change was greater (P = 0.03) for supplemented cows. A linear effect of SF × supplementation rate for pre-calving BCS change was noted (P = 0.05), as F supplemented cows lost more BCS compared with H as SF decreased. When considering supplementation intervals greater than 5 d, reducing the quantity of supplement provided, compared with daily supplementation, may be a feasible management strategy to maintain acceptable nutrient use and animal performance while reducing supplement and labor costs.

scholarly journals Body condition scoring in relation to changes in body weight and performance in Belgian Blue double-muscled beef cows

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo O. Fiems ◽  
Wim Van Caelenbergh ◽  
Sam De Campeneere ◽  
Daniël L. De Brabander
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Body Condition Scoring ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals EFFECT OF VARYING PLANES OF WINTER NUTRITION OF BEEF COWS ON CALF PERFORMANCE TO WEANING

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Jordan ◽  
E. E. Lister ◽  
G. J. Rowlands
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Body Depth ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Four Levels

For 4 consecutive years, calf production was compared for Shorthorn cows fed at four levels during winter pregnancy and barn-nursing: (I) ad libitum corn silage plus 1.0 kg mixed hay/100 kg initial body weight daily; (II), (III) and (IV) approximately 80, 60 and 40%, respectively, of level-I intake. Half of the cows on each level received 0.45 kg linseed oilmeal (LOM) per head, daily, and half of both the LOM and no-LOM cows received supplemental vitamin A (84,000 IU per head, weekly).Neither the 4-year average birth weight (32.8, 32.3, 34.8, 32.4 kg for levels I to IV, respectively) nor the 4-year average daily gain to weaning (0.85, 0.89, 0.89, 0.89 kg for levels I to IV, respectively) were significantly different (P > 0.05). The 4-year average wither height and body depth at birth were similarly not different for the four levels. Supplementing the dam’s ration with LOM and/or vitamin A had no significant (P > 0.05) effect on either weight and body measurements at birth or gain to weaning. It was only during year 3, when level-IV cows’ (non-LOM-supplemented) daily intake was 0.033 kg digestible protein and 0.36 kg total digestible nutrients per 100 kg initial weight, that protein supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) increased birth weight and body measurements of their calves. There was little difference in survival of calves from cows fed at different levels or fed LOM versus no LOM. Contrary to expectations, vitamin A-supplemented cows appeared to produce calves with poorer survival.

scholarly journals Influence of post-calving supplemental protein on calf performance and reproductive efficiency for beef cows fed silage

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Charmley ◽  
J. A. Small ◽  
K. B. McRae
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Protein Milk

Protein supplementation for winter-calving beef cows between calving and turnout to pasture was studied in two trials. Changes in cow body weight (BW) and condition and calf BW gains were recorded from calving to weaning in the fall. Reproductive performance was monitored, and in trial 2, milk production was determined. In trial 1, multiparous silage-fed cows were allocated to one of five levels of corn gluten meal (CGM): 0, 200, 400, 600 and 800 g d−1. In the second trial, cows were allocated to either restricted or ad libitum silage feeding in combination with three protein supplements: no protein, 400 g d−1 CGM or 475 g d−1 soybean meal (SBM). In trial 1, cows gained weight during supplementation, but on pasture they lost weight (linear effect, P = 0.10). Calf gains and weights at turnout and weaning showed a quadratic response to protein supplementation (P < 0.05). There was a trend toward a linear decline in days to first service with increasing levels of CGM (P < 0.10). In trial 2, cows on restricted silage feeding lost weight (P < 0.05) and body condition (P < 0.10), whereas those fed ad libitum silage gained weight and condition. On pasture, this pattern of weight change was reversed (P < 0.05). Protein supplementation did not influence BW change but tended to cause a lower body condition score at turnout (P = 0.10). Restricting silage intake to the cow did not affect calf performance, but protein supplementation increased gains both during supplementation and on pasture, thus increasing weaning weights (P < 0.05). When silage was fed ad libitum, SBM was more effective than CGM for increasing calf gain. However, when silage was restricted, CGM was more effective. Restricting silage intake did not impair milk production, but feeding CGM increased milk production (P < 0.05). For ad libitum-fed cows, protein supplementation increased pregnancy rate; restricting feed had the opposite effect. Our data suggest that protein supplementation to silage-fed beef cows in good body condition can increase calf performance; however, the level of supplementation is critical, and possible adverse effects on breeding have to be taken into account, particularly with cows in negative energy balance after calving. Key words: Beef cow, protein, milk production, calf gains, silage

Forage Intake and Performance of Lactating Beef Cows Grazing High or Low Quality Pastures1

1979 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 692-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Holloway ◽  
W. T. Butts ◽  
J. D. Beaty ◽  
J. T. Hopper ◽  
N. S. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cows ◽  
Forage Intake ◽  
And Performance

Effects of supplementation and stocking rate on body condition and production parameters of multiparous beef cows

2005 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Renquist ◽  
J. W. Oltjen ◽  
R. D. Sainz ◽  
J. M. Connor ◽  
C. C. Calvert
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Production Parameters ◽  
Condition Score

AbstractFall-calving multiparous Angus × Hereford cows 3 to 10 years of age were stratified by age in a three by two factorial treatment arrangement to evaluate the efficacy of modifying stocking rate and supplementation strategy to manage cow body condition and production parameters over a 5-year study. Efficacy was evaluated quarterly in association with calving, breeding, weaning, and mid way between weaning and calving (i.e. in August). Three protein supplementation strategies (none, standard, strategic) were imposed across both a moderate (0·3 cows per ha) and a high (0·4 cows per ha) stocking rate. In the strategically supplemented group, protein supplement was provided to cows with a body condition score <5·5 at the quarterly evaluations. There was an effect of supplementation on pregnancy rate, which in combination with previously established culling practices resulted in different age profiles amongst supplementation strategies in years 2 to 5 (P < 0·01). Two statistical analyses were therefore conducted to dissociate the confounding effects of supplementation strategy and age. One model included the effect of stocking rate, supplementation strategy, production year, and all interactions; the second included the addition of age and its interactive effects. Stocking rate and supplementation strategy affected pregnancy rate in each of the models (P = 0·003 and P = 0·10, respectively). Standard, non-supplemented and strategically supplemented animals had estimated pregnancy rates of 0·83, 0·76, and 0·79, respectively (P = 0·10). The effects of nutrition on both calving interval and birth weight were independent of the model employed. Animals that were not supplemented had extended calving intervals (P = 0·06), but there was no effect of stocking rate (P > 0·10). Birth weight was not affected by supplementation strategy or stocking rate (P > 0·10). The lower 205-day weights of calves on a heavy compared with moderate stocking rate was independent of age (P = 0·02). However, the increased 205-day weight of calves born to strategically supplemented cows compared with those born to unsupplemented cows was only evident when data were not corrected for differences in age among groups (P = 0·03). Likewise, analyses of cow condition parameters using models without and with age resulted in different interpretations. These results suggest that strategic and standard supplementation result in similar animal performance and that the improvement in herd productivity associated with altering stocking rate and supplementation may partially be due to altered herd age dynamics.

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