Beta-carotene uptake and changes in ovarian steroids and uterine proteins during the estrous cycle in the canine.

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
B C Weng ◽  
B P Chew ◽  
T S Wong ◽  
J S Park ◽  
H W Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Ovarian Steroids ◽  
Uterine Proteins

scholarly journals Ovarian steroids regulate 24p3 expression in mouse uterus during the natural estrous cycle and the preimplantation period

1999 ◽  
Vol 162 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
HL Huang ◽  
ST Chu ◽  
YH Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Immunohistochemical Localization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Undetectable Level ◽  
Mouse Uterus ◽  
Ovarian Steroids ◽  
Vaginal Plug ◽  
High Level

We examined 24p3 expression in the mouse uterus at various stages of the natural estrous cycle and during the preimplantation period. The level of 24p3 mRNA appeared intensively in proestrus and estrus, then declined sharply from metestrus to diestrus. Consistent with this observation, 24p3 protein was abundant in proestrus, decreased from estrus to metestrus and declined to a very low level in diestrus. The uterine 24p3 expression closely overlapped with the estradiol (E2) surge in proestrus and estrus but it was suppressed when progesterone (P4) rose to a high level during the reproductive cycle. Neither the protein nor its message was detected in the uteri of immature mice or ovariectomized adult animals. While an injection of P4 to these animals was unable to initiate uterine 24p3 expression, administration of estrogenic steroids to these animals markedly stimulated the gene expression. Treatment of these animals with E2 together with P4, on the other hand, did not stimulate the gene expression. In pregnant animals (day 1 (D1)=day of vaginal plug), 24p3 mRNA remained at a high level on D1 and D2 but dropped to an almost undetectable level on D3 and D4. This was accompanied by a decrease in 24p3 protein from D1 to D2 and a decline in the protein to undetectable levels from D3 to D4. The staining patterns of both the immunohistochemical localization of 24p3 protein and in situ hybridization for the detection of 24p3 mRNA in the uterine sections showed that 24p3 expression took place mainly in the luminal and glandular epithelial cells of the endometrium. This together with our previous observation that 24p3 protein is found in uterine luminal fluid indicates that the protein is secreted primarily from these cells to their respective luminal surfaces during proestrus and estrus.

scholarly journals Ovarian Dynamics and Their Associations with Peripheral Concentrations of Gonadotropins, Ovarian Steroids, and Inhibin During the Estrous Cycle in Goats1

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed S. Medan ◽  
Gen Watanabe ◽  
Kazuaki Sasaki ◽  
Sayed Sharawy ◽  
Nigel P. Groome ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Ovarian Steroids ◽  
Ovarian Dynamics

REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF PREPUBERTAL DAIRY HEIFERS ON LOW OR HIGH β-CAROTENE DIETS

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 477-489
Author(s):  
F. R. TEKPETEY ◽  
W. M. PALMER ◽  
J. R. INGALLS
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Estradiol 17Β ◽  
Β Carotene

Twenty 5-mo-old heifers were assigned randomly to either a no-carotene or a carotene-supplemented grain ration (2–2.5 kg head−1 d−1) for a 10-mo trial to investigate the effect of β-carotene deficiency on pre and postpuberal reproductive performance. All heifers received, ad libitum, a low-carotene basal forage of corn silage, weathered hay and/or straw. Mean serum β-carotene and vitamin A were higher (P < 0.05) in the carotene-supplemented heifers. Beta-carotene supplementation improved (P < 0.05) overall average daily gain, but had no effect on mean age and body weight at puberty, estrous cycle length and services per conception. Mean serum concentrations of progesterone (P4) estradiol-17β, LH and FSH from prepuberty to day 17 of the first estrous cycle were not affected by β-carotene supplementation. Total P4 output during the estrous cycle did not differ between control and β-carotene-supplemented heifers. However, intensity of estrus was weaker (P < 0.01) and interval (h) from LH peak to ovulation was longer (P < 0.01) in the control (low-carotene) heifers. Key words: β-carotene, vitamin A, reproductive performance, prepubertal dairy heifers

scholarly journals Peripheral concentrations of inhibin A, ovarian steroids, and gonadotropins associated with follicular development throughout the estrous cycle of the sow

Reproduction ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiko Noguchi ◽  
Koji Yoshioka ◽  
Seigo Itoh ◽  
Chie Suzuki ◽  
Sachiko Arai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Follicular Growth ◽  
Inhibin A ◽  
Ovarian Steroids ◽  
Feedback Regulator

We investigated changes in peripheral concentrations of inhibin A, total inhibin, steroids, and gonadotropins throughout the intact estrous cycle of the sow in relation to ovarian changes determined by daily transrectal ultrasonography. All visible follicles of 3 mm or more in diameter were classified as small (≥3 and <6 mm) or large (≥6 mm). Follicular recruitment was identified in two periods of the cycle: one from the late luteal to the follicular phase, characterized by an increase in the number of small follicles followed by the appearance of large follicles; and another during the early luteal phase, consisting only of increased numbers of small follicles. Plasma concentrations of inhibin A increased (P<0.05), coinciding with the two periods of follicle emergence. Estradiol (E2) levels increased (P<0.05) during the follicular phase, but not during the early luteal phase. An inverse relationship (P<0.01) between the patterns of inhibin and FSH concentrations was noted around the two periods of follicle emergence, but there was no relationship (P≥0.1) between the patterns of plasma E2and FSH during the early luteal phase. In conclusion, measurement of plasma inhibin A levels combined with ultrasonographic examination of the ovaries revealed two periods of synchronous follicular growth during the sow's estrous cycle. The results strongly suggest that inhibin A functions as a negative feedback regulator of FSH secretion throughout the estrous cycle, whereas E2appears to influence FSH secretion only during the follicular phase.

Sex and estrous cycle differences in the behavioral effects of high-strength static magnetic fields: role of ovarian steroids

2006 ◽  
Vol 290 (3) ◽  
pp. R659-R667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angie M. Cason ◽  
Megan DenBleyker ◽  
Kimberly Ferrence ◽  
James C. Smith ◽  
Thomas A. Houpt
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Behavioral Effects ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Static Magnetic Fields ◽  
Ovarian Steroids ◽  
Intact Rats

Advances in magnetic resonance imaging are driving the development of higher-resolution machines equipped with high-strength static magnetic fields (MFs). The behavioral effects of high-strength MFs are largely uncharacterized, although in male rats, exposure to 7 T or above induces locomotor circling and leads to a conditioned taste avoidance (CTA) if paired with a novel taste. Here, the effects of MFs on male and female rats were compared to determine whether there are sex differences in behavioral responses and whether these can be explained by ovarian steroid status. Rats were given 10-min access to a novel saccharin solution and then restrained within a 14-T magnet for 30 min. Locomotor activity after exposure was scored for circling and rearing. CTA extinction was measured with two-bottle preference tests. In experiment 1, males were compared with females across the estrous cycle after a single MF exposure. Females circled more and acquired a more persistent CTA than males; circling was highest on the day of estrus. In experiment 2, the effects of three MF exposures were compared among intact rats, ovariectomized females, and ovariectomized females with steroid replacement. Compared with intact rats, ovariectomy increased circling; estrogen replacement blocked the increase. Males acquired a stronger initial CTA but extinguished faster than intact or ovariectomized females. Thus the locomotor circling induced by MF exposure was increased in females and modulated by ovarian steroids across the estrous cycle and by hormone replacement. Furthermore, female rats acquired a more persistent CTA than male rats, which was not dependent on estrous phase or endogenous ovarian steroids.

scholarly journals Localization of ISG15 and Conjugated Proteins in Bovine Endometrium Using Immunohistochemistry and Electron Microscopy

Endocrinology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 145 (2) ◽  
pp. 967-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy J. Austin ◽  
Amy L. Carr ◽  
James K. Pru ◽  
Carol E. Hearne ◽  
Evee L. George ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Cellular Localization ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Specific Localization ◽  
Uterine Proteins ◽  
D 23 ◽  
Endometrial Epithelial Cells

Abstract The interferon-stimulated gene ISG15, a ubiquitin homolog, becomes conjugated to and regulates uterine proteins in response to conceptus-derived interferon-τ on d 18 of pregnancy. It was hypothesized here that cellular localization of ISG15 within endometrial cells might provide insight regarding function. Uteri were collected from cows (∼21-d estrous cycle) on d 17–21/0 of the estrous cycle and pregnancy and d 23, 45, and 50 of pregnancy. Intracellular ISG15 and its conjugates were present on d 17 of pregnancy, peaked to highest levels from d 18 to 23 and then declined to low but detectable levels by d 45 (P &lt; 0.05) based on Western blotting. ISG15 and its conjugates were not detected on d 50 of pregnancy or during the estrous cycle. Immunohistochemistry revealed that ISG15 was localized throughout the endometrium on d 18–23, with heaviest staining in the sublumenal stratum compactum and the glandular epithelium throughout the stratum spongiosum. By d 45 and 50, ISG15 was lightly stained only in the stratum compactum immediately beneath the lumenal epithelium. Using transmission electron microscopy and immunogold labeling, ISG15 was specifically localized to organelles and compartments of endometrial epithelial cells and stromal cells: nucleus, perinuclear space, cytosol, mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and cell membrane. This specific localization in epithelial and stromal cells led to the conclusion that ISG15 has diverse intracellular functions. The sustained presence of conjugated ISG15 through d 50 of pregnancy might reflect stabilization of conjugated proteins in response to implantation and the development of the placenta.

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