scholarly journals Effects of statins as local drug delivery agents in treating chronic periodontitis and their antimicrobial effects using polymerase chain reaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
Ritunja Singh ◽  
Gangesh B. Singh ◽  
Soumya Gupta ◽  
Anil Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Clinical Attachment Level ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Root Planning ◽  
Attachment Level

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of statin medication in chronic periodontitis patients and to compare the change in periodontal probing depth and clinical attachment level using 1.2% atorvastatin (ATV) gel and scaling and root planning (SRP) compared to SRP alone. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on a sample size of 40 patients with equal male and female ratio between the age group of 40–60 years having chronic periodontitis with a minimum of 20 teeth that were selected for the study. Bilateral quadrants were selected and a split mouth study was conducted. Supragingival scaling was carried out in each patient in one long appointment. The patient was then recalled after 1 week for subgingival SRP. Root planing was carried out in two consecutive visits. Left side of the mouth on the 1st day followed by right side of the mouth on the next day. On the 2nd day, after completion of the root planning, followed by placement of 1.2% ATV gel and finally the Coe Pak was placed in one quadrant which was called the test site. In the other quadrant which was called control site placebo gel was placed and the treated site was covered by the Coe Pak. The recording of clinical parameters (plaque index [PI], gingival index [GI], probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment loss) was done at baseline, 1 month and 3 months. The selected site was sampled for subgingival microflora. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis. One-way ANOVA, Tukey’s HSD test, and student t-test were used for intergroup and intragroup comparison. Results: In our study, when intergroup comparison of mean value for PI at baseline, 1 month and 3 months was found to clinically insignificant for control and test groups, while for GI, periodontal pocket depth, and clinical attachment level it was found insignificant at baseline while significant at 1 and 3 months. Similarly, when comparison was made for microbial count it was found clinically insignificant between control and test group at baseline, while significant was noted at 3-month interval. Conclusion: Our study evaluated the anti-inflammatory, osteoconductive and antimicrobial effects of atorvastatin giving significant reduction in PI, GI, PPD and gain in CAL along with significant decrease in the microbial load.

scholarly journals Efficacy of 2% ibuprofen subgingival irrigation as an adjunct to non-surgical therapy in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A randomized controlled, split-mouth, clinical trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Amirhossein Farahmand ◽  
Ferena Sayar ◽  
Zohreh Omidali ◽  
Mahsa Soleimani ◽  
Bahareh Jafarzadeh Esfahani
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Periodontal Treatment ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Scaling And Root Planing ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Clinical Attachment Level ◽  
Root Planing ◽  
Mandibular Molar ◽  
Attachment Level

Background. Pharmacological factors, such as ibuprofen, released topically in the periodontal pocket modulate the host response and enhance the influence of non-surgical periodontal treatment. Methods. In this double-blind, randomized, split-mouth, clinical trial, 38 outpatients with mild to moderate chronic periodontitis were enrolled by applying the simple random sampling method. They had at least one tooth with a periodontal pocket depth of >4 mm in each quadrant and had undergone phase I of periodontal treatment one week after scaling and root planing (SRP). The parameters of clinical periodontal evaluation, including probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque index (PI), and bleeding index (BI), were measured. In addition, two mandibular molar teeth in one quadrant were randomly nominated for subgingival irrigation with 0.5 mL of 2% ibuprofen or placebo mouthwash. The measurements were repeated after at least one week for three months. Results. Thirty-four individuals (18 women and 16 men), with an age range of 28‒36 years, were evaluated for three months. Moreover, periodontal clinical parameters were assessed within three months. There was a significant improvement in pocket depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) readings after 12 weeks in both groups (paired t-test). On comparing, the group with scaling and root planing (SRP) + ibuprofen showed more favorable results than the group with SRP + placebo (P<0.05). There were significant improvements in PI and BI in both groups; the differences between the two groups were significant (P<0.05). Conclusion. The mouthwashes containing ibuprofen might reduce the symptoms of periodontal disease and might be used as an adjunct in the healing process

scholarly journals Probing Pocket Depth and Clinical Attachment Level between Non-Surgical and Surgical Periodontal Therapy in Chronic Periodontitis Patients: A Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Harish Kumar Shah ◽  
Shivalal Sharma ◽  
Khushboo Goel ◽  
Sajeev Shrestha ◽  
Surya Raj Niraula
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Surgical Therapy ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Clinical Attachment Level ◽  
Probing Pocket Depth ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Attachment Level

Background: : Chronic periodontitis is one of the most common form of periodontal diseases which either require non-surgical periodontal therapy or open flap debridement-surgical therapy or both. To date, it is unclear as of how much changes occur after NSPT or OFD and which therapy provides the best outcome in chronic periodontitis having probing pocket depth ≥ 5-7 mm. Aim: The aim of this randomized controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the Probing Pocket Depth and Clinical Attachment Level between NSPT and OFD in chronic periodontitis patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 52 healthy patients with PPD ≥ 5-7 mm were included in the present study. Half of the patients assigned for the NSPT and half in the OFD group. The PPD and CAL were measured at baseline, three and six months. Independent sample t-test was used to compare the change in mean PPD and CAL between NSPT and OFD group at three and six months, respectively. Results: The difference in the mean decrease of PPD between NSPT and OFD group at three and six months were 0.15 mm (P<0.05) and 0.19 mm (P<0.05), respectively. The difference in the mean gain of CAL between NSPT and OFD group at three and six months were 0.03 mm (p>0.05) and 0.12 mm (P<0.05), respectively. Conclusion: Substantial improvement in periodontal status occurred with both the therapies, however, significantly higher decrease in PPD and gain in CAL were seen with surgical therapy.

scholarly journals Influence of Tooth-Brushing on Early Healing after Access Flap Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Preliminary Study

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2933
Author(s):  
Carlo Bertoldi ◽  
Luigi Generali ◽  
Pierpaolo Cortellini ◽  
Michele Lalla ◽  
Sofia Luppi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Results ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Clinical Attachment Level ◽  
Plaque Score ◽  
Probing Pocket Depth ◽  
Plaque Control ◽  
Bleeding Score ◽  
Early Healing ◽  
Attachment Level

In the present study, the clinical outcomes obtained using three different protocols of post-operative plaque control for the 4 weeks after surgery were compared. Thirty healthy subjects, presenting at least one periodontal pocket requiring resective surgery, were selected and randomly distributed to three different groups corresponding to respective post-surgical protocols: (A) toothbrushes + chlorhexidine + anti-discoloration system (ADS + CHX); (B) toothbrushes + chlorhexidine (CHX); (C) only toothbrushes. The full-mouth plaque score (FMPS), full-mouth bleeding score (FMBS), probing pocket depth (PPD), recession depth (REC), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BoP) were measured in six aspects per tooth (mesio-buccal (MB), buccal (B), disto-buccal (DB), disto-lingual (DL), lingual (L), and mesio-lingual (ML)) at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months after surgery. FMPS and FMBS did not significantly change (p > 0.05), whereas PPD and CAL significantly decreased, and REC significantly increased in all groups during the study (p < 0.05). Clinical results were satisfactory in all cases, with no significant differences between groups 3 months after surgery. Six months after surgery, only PPD-MB was significantly different in the three groups (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, this value was not clinically relevant because the value of PPD-B (about 2 mm) in group C was physiologic. The mechanical plaque control was proven to be fundamental and sufficient in all the six aspects per tooth to guarantee an excellent clinical outcome without the need of chemical plaque control.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Subgingivally Delivered 10% Doxycycline Hyclate and Xanthan-based Chlorhexidine Gels in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Verma ◽  
Rajan Gupta ◽  
Nymphea Pandit ◽  
Shweta Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Doxycycline Hyclate ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Clinical Attachment Level ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Probing Pocket Depth ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
Additional Reduction ◽  
Attachment Level

Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of subgingivally delivered 10% doxycycline hyclate and xanthan based chlorhexidine gels when used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Methods and Materials A randomized, controlled, single center study was conducted involving 90 sites in 30 patients suffering from moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis. Each patient contributed three sites which were randomized to three treatment groups: SRP + insertion of doxycycline gel [SRP+DH], SRP + insertion of chlorhexidine gel [SRP+CHX]), and SRP alone [SRP]. Gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months post therapy. Results All treatments showed significant reductions in PPD and CAL at 1 and 3 months when compared to baseline values (p<0.001). At 3 months, sites treated with SRP+DH and SRP+CHX showed an additional reduction in PPD of 0.86 ± 1.0 mm and 0.66 ± 1.58 mm, respectively, significantly greater than SRP alone (p<0.02). Differences in mean PPD reduction between SRP+DH and SRP+CHX were not significant (p=0.46). At 3 months, differences in relative CAL between both SRP+DH (0.80 ± 0.92) and SRP+CHX (0.63 ± 1.47) and SRP alone were statistically significant (p<0.02). Differences in relative CAL between SRP+DH and SRP+CHX were not significant (p=0.54). Conclusion The results suggest treatment with 10% doxycycline hyclate and xanthan based chlorhexidine gels as an adjunct to SRP improves PPD and CAL patients with periodontitis compared to SRP alone. Clinical Significance The use of local drug therapy may refocus the need for surgical periodontal therapy toward deeper pockets. Citation Gupta R, Pandit N, Aggarwal S, Verma A. Comparative Evaluation of Subgingivally Delivered 10% Doxycycline Hyclate and Xanthan-based Chlorhexidine Gels in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 November; (9)7:025-032.

scholarly journals Can Fixed Space Maintainers Have Adverse Effect on the Teeth and Periodontium?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (36) ◽  
pp. 3132-3136
Author(s):  
Ahmad Behroozian ◽  
Parastou Nastarin ◽  
Marziyeh Aghazadeh ◽  
Ahmad Pirzadeh Ashraf ◽  
Zahra Aghazadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Gingival Index ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Clinical Attachment Level ◽  
Bleeding On Probing ◽  
Space Maintainer ◽  
Fixed Space ◽  
Attachment Level

BACKGROUND Space maintenance after premature loss of primary teeth is of importance in preventing space loss and potential crowding in future. Fixed space maintainers are used to prevent space loss but the presence of such fixed appliances near the tooth and its supporting structures may have some adverse effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential adverse effects of fixed space maintainers on the teeth and periodontium. METHODS Twenty young children in mixed dentition period (between 8 – 11y 7m years old) who were considered for space maintainer treatment were selected. Each patient had bilateral first molars that went under the band for fixed space maintainer. The patients were examined for decayed, missed and filled teeth (DMFT), bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level, gingival index and periodontal pocket depth at the beginning (T0), one month (T1), three months (T2) and six months (T3) later. Repeated measures ANOVA then Post - hoc LSD (Friedman test for gingival index) tests were used to interpret the data. RESULTS As compared to the beginning of the study, at the end of the 6 months follow-up period DMFT of the involved first molars did not change significantly (P = 0.163). But bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level, gingival index and periodontal pocket depths changed significantly at the same time frame (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The fixed space maintainers might have some adverse effects on the periodontal structures of the banded teeth, so the clinicians should insist more on oral hygiene instructions and the patients must be under intense oral hygiene control. KEY WORDS Space Maintainers, DMFT, Bleeding on Probing, Clinical Attachment Level, Periodontal Pocket Depth

scholarly journals Effect of Periodontal Surgery on Osteoprotegerin Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid, Saliva, and Gingival Tissues of Chronic Periodontitis Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandy H. S. Hassan ◽  
Mahmoud I. El-Refai ◽  
Noha A. Ghallab ◽  
Rehab Fawzy Kasem ◽  
Olfat G. Shaker
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Prognostic Biomarker ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Gingival Index ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Clinical Attachment Level ◽  
Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Open Flap Debridement ◽  
Attachment Level

Objectives. This study was undertaken to investigate the OPG profiles in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), saliva, and gingival tissues of chronic periodontitis (CP) patients in response to open flap debridement (OFD).Subjects and Methods. The study included 30 subjects divided into 2 groups: 20 CP patients and 10 periodontally healthy subjects. Plaque index, gingival index, pocket depth, and clinical attachment level measurements were recorded for all subjects. GCF, salivary, and gingival samples were collected from all 30 subjects at baseline and 3 and 6 month after OFD from the 20 CP patients. GCF and salivary OPG levels were assessed by ELISA assay, while OPG expression in gingival tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry.Results. GCF, salivary and gingival OPG profiles were significantly higher in control subjects compared to CP patients at baseline (P<0.001). Within CP group, OPG levels in GCF, saliva, and gingival samples showed a significant increase at 3 and 6 months after OFD (P<0.001) compared to baseline. Although OPG values increased significantly in gingival samples and insignificantly in saliva after 3 months compared to 6 months, yet GCF levels were significantly decreased.Conclusions. OPG might be considered as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of periodontal bone destruction. This trial is registered withNCT02160613.

scholarly journals Povidone Iodine vs Tetracycline Fibers-To Analyse the Therapeutic Effect

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Apoorva ◽  
A Suchetha ◽  
N Sapna ◽  
A Garg ◽  
P Lakshmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Local Drug Delivery ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Probing Pocket Depth ◽  
Group I ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Attachment Level

ABSTRACT Aim This study was designed to compare the efficacy of tetracycline fibres and povidone iodine when locally delivered to the moderately deep periodontal pocket. Materials and methods 30 subjects were selected for the study and divided into two groups; Group I received Tetracycline fibers (Periodontal AB Plus), Group II received Povidone iodine local drug delivery. The Gingival Index (GI), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) were measured at baseline and at 3 months. Results The intragroup comparison between PPD, CAL and GI at baseline and 3 months showed a statistically significant difference in group I in relation to all parameters; in group II, the PPD and CAL did not show a statistically significant difference. The intergroup comparison of PPD and CAL at the end of 3 months, showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups, with tetracycline fibers giving superior results. Conclusion Tetracycline fibers were more efficacious in improving the periodontal health status when compared to Povidone Iodine.

scholarly journals Clinical Effects of the Local Drug Delivery Of 0.5% Azithromycin Gel in Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis Among Smokers Versus Non Smokers

2016 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 094-103
Author(s):  
Jasmine Kaur ◽  
Viniti Goel ◽  
Ranjan Malhotra ◽  
Vishakha Grover
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Local Drug Delivery ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Scaling And Root Planing ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Clinical Attachment Level ◽  
Root Planing ◽  
Attachment Level

Abstract Background: Along with conventional periodontal surgical therapy, local delivery of antibiotics may provide more effective treatment in smokers by targeting tissue-invasive bacteria. The aim of this randomized, clinical trial was to evaluate the adjunctive effects of subgingivally delivered 0.5% azithromycin (AZM) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of chronic periodontitis in smokers versus non smokers. Methods: 38 sites in patients of chronic periodontitis were randomized and categorized into two treatment groups: Group 1 consisted of 19 sites in patients who were smokers and Group 2 consisted of 19 sites in non smokers, who received Scaling and Root Planing (SRP) plus 0.5% azithromycin gel Local drug delivery. Clinical parameters were recorded at baseline, 1 and 2 months. They included probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) and percentage bone fill. Results: Azithromycin resulted in significant improvements in both the groups. Mean decrease in PD in non smokers by the end of 2 months was 3.903mm and in smokers was 3.917mm. Gain in CAL in non smokers by the end of 2 months was 3.879mm and in smokers it was 3.920mm. Mean bone fill at one month for smokers was 15.86% and was 26.58% at 2 months. In non-smokers the mean bone fill was 17.19% at 1 month and 24.03% at 2 months. Conclusions: When compared to the non smokers, the adjunctive use of 0.5% AZM resulted in similar improvement in clinical outcome in the treatment of chronic periodontitis among smokers. Local drug delivery of Azithromycin gel contributed to decrease in probing pocket depth, gain in clinical attachment level and in alveolar bone. The apparent bone regeneration also raises the intriguing possibility that Azithromycin encourages bone formation once tissue inflammation has subsided.

scholarly journals Partial recording protocols for periodontal disease assessment in epidemiological surveys

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Vianna Vettore ◽  
Gabriela de Almeida Lamarca ◽  
Anna Thereza Thomé Leão ◽  
Aubrey Sheiham ◽  
Maria do Carmo Leal
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Clinical Attachment Level ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Community Periodontal Index ◽  
Attachment Level

The objective of the present study was to compare the reliability of four partial-mouth protocols for assessing shallow, moderate, and deep sites for periodontal pocket depth and clinical attachment levels. Periodontal pocket depth and clinical attachment level measurements were recorded for 156 subjects (age > 30). The four models of partial-mouth protocols compared were: Model I: all sites per tooth in the random half-mouth protocol randomly selecting one maxillary and mandibular quadrant, Model II: buccal sites in a full-mouth protocol, Model III: buccal sites in the random half-mouth protocol randomly selecting one maxillary and mandibular quadrant, Model IV: all sites per tooth using Community Periodontal Index teeth. In comparison with full mouth examination, Model I did not show significant differences for periodontal pocket depth and clinical attachment level parameters. Models II and III were different for some periodontal pocket depth means, and Model IV significantly overestimated all clinical parameters related to periodontal disease. Model I appears to be adequate to substitute for the full-mouth examination to assess the prevalence and severity of chronic periodontal disease in adults.

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