scholarly journals Allometric Analysis of Physical Performance Measures in Older Adults

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
pp. 1263-1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Hao Pua
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Allometric Scaling ◽  
The Body ◽  
Allometric Analysis ◽  
Mass Exponents ◽  
Ankle Dorsiflexor

Abstract Background and Purpose. Body mass is a confounding variable in human performance, and adjusting physical performance measures for body mass differences would allow meaningful individual and group comparisons. The purpose of this study was to allometrically determine the relationship between body mass and handgrip and ankle dorsiflexor performance on the Timed “Up & Go” Test (TUGT). Subjects. One hundred thirty-one subjects (33 male and 98 female) participated. Methods. All physical performance measures were adjusted for the influence of body mass, sex, and age using an allometric scaling procedure. Results. For handgrip force, the body mass exponent from allometric analysis was 0.63. For the TUGT, the body mass exponent was 0.073. For ankle dorsiflexor force and torque, the body mass exponents were 0.82 and 0.91, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion. The body mass exponents for handgrip force and the TUGT agree with previous clinical data and theoretical expectations. Studies investigating normalized handgrip force in older adults should consider an allometric scaling approach. [Pua YH. Allometric analysis of physical performance measures in older adults. Phys Ther. 2006;86:1263–1270.]

Impact of COVID-19 on School-Aged Male and Female Health-Related Fitness Markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
Zachary Wahl-Alexander ◽  
Clayton L. Camic
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Run Test ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the Coronavirus disease 2019 on male and female anthropometric variables and physical performance. Methods: This study utilized a mixed (time [PRE vs POST], gender [male vs female]) methods design to examine changes in the body mass index and physical fitness performance measures prior to and following closures. Data were collected from 264 third through eighth graders. This sample consisted of 131 males and 133 females. The data was collected through anthropometric (body mass index) and physical performance measures and was analyzed with separate 2 × 2 mixed-factorial analyses of variance (time [PRE, POST] × gender [male, female]). Results: The findings indicated both males and females exhibited mean increases in the body mass index (+10.6%; 18.8–20.8 kg·m−2, P < .001, partial η2 = .627) and decreases in push-ups (−35.6%; 7.3–4.7 repetitions, P < .001, partial η2 = .371), sit-ups (−19.4%; 22.7–18.3 repetitions, P < .001, partial η2 = .420), and the Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run test (−26.7%; 31.4–22.4 laps, P < .001, partial η2 = .644) scores from PRE to POST. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that both males and females exhibited significant anthropometric and physical performance losses during the Coronavirus disease 2019 shutdown.

Physical Performance Measures for Characterizing High Functioning Older Persons

1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Kinugasa ◽  
Hiroshi Nagasaki ◽  
Taketo Furuna ◽  
Hajime Itoh
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study ◽  
Tokyo Metropolitan Institute

The goal of this study was to identify methods for characterizing high-functioning older adults living in the community. The subjects were 495 older adults from the Longitudinal Interdisciplinary Study on Aging conducted by the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology. Physical performance measures included grip strength, walking at preferred and maximum speeds, one-leg standing with eyes open, and finger tapping rate. Performance scores were created by summing each categorical score. Consistent differences were found among age groups and genders. Scores were lower in subjects who had stroke or diabetes than in those without these conditions. These results suggest that physical performance measures have both discriminant validity and construct validity, which make them useful methods for characterizing high-functioning older persons.

scholarly journals Detectable Changes in Physical Performance Measures in Elderly African Americans

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 921-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Kline Mangione ◽  
Rebecca L. Craik ◽  
Alyson A. McCormick ◽  
Heather L. Blevins ◽  
Meaghan B. White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
African American ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Assistive Device ◽  
Minimal Detectable Change ◽  
6Mwt Distance ◽  
African American Older Adults

Background African American older adults have higher rates of self-reported disability and lower physical performance scores compared with white older adults. Measures of physical performance are used to predict future morbidity and to determine the effect of exercise. Characteristics of performance measures are not known for African American older adults. Objective The purpose of this study was to estimate the standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable change (MDC) for the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Timed “Up & Go” Test (TUG) time, free gait speed, fast gait speed, and Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) distance in frail African American adults. Design This observational measurement study used a test-retest design. Methods Individuals were tested 2 times over a 1-week period. Demographic data collected included height, weight, number of medications, assistive device use, and Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) scores. Participants then completed the 5 physical performance tests. Results Fifty-two participants (mean age=78 years) completed the study. The average MMSE score was 25 points, and the average body mass index was 29.4 kg/m2. On average, participants took 7 medications, and the majority used assistive devices. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC [2,1]) were greater than .90, except for the SPPB score (ICC=.81). The SEMs were 1.2 points for the SPPB, 1.7 seconds for the TUG, 0.08 m/s for free gait speed, 0.09 m/s for fast gait speed, and 28 m for 6MWT distance. The MDC values were 2.9 points for the SPPB, 4 seconds for the TUG, 0.19 m/s for free gait speed, 0.21 m/s for fast gait speed, and 65 m for 6MWT distance. Limitations The entire sample was from an urban area. Conclusions The SEMs were similar to previously reported values and can be used when working with African American and white older adults. Estimates of MDC were calculated to assist in clinical interpretation.

Meaningful Change and Responsiveness in Common Physical Performance Measures in Older Adults

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 743-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subashan Perera ◽  
Samir H. Mody ◽  
Richard C. Woodman ◽  
Stephanie A. Studenski
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Meaningful Change

Association Between Falls Experience and Physical Performance Measures in Community-Living Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-169
Author(s):  
G. Shankar Ganesh ◽  
Anandhi Dakshinamoorthy ◽  
P. Ponmathi ◽  
Subhashisa Swain
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Community Living
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document