scholarly journals Induced Abortion among Chinese Women with Living Child-A National Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjie Sun ◽  
Connor Donovan ◽  
Tan Xu ◽  
Yumei Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Living Child ◽  
National Study ◽  
Gender Preference ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Objective: Induced abortion is widely practiced in China. However, the information on induced abortion is limited. A national cross-sectional survey was designed to determine the risk factors of induced abortion among Chinese women with one child. Methods: We sampled 16,881 Chinese women with one living child for the study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect induced abortion and related health information. The National Research Institute for Family Planning of China conducted a cross-sectional study among women who had delivered a baby between 2006 and 2008. Information was collected in relation to demographic characteristics (age, ethnicity, region, area etc.), social economic status (education level and occupation), marriage, and the attitude towards potential child’s gender. Multi-logistic regression was used to test potential predictors for conducting abortion stratified by consistency between gender preference and current infants’ gender, and indicating adjusted estimation on selected models of risk factors for abortion. Results: The mean age of participants was 27.96 ± 4.10 years (median 27 years).  Among those women, the prevalence of induced abortion was 8.13 %. In the final model, females living in rural areas (OR = 1.21, 95 %CI: 1.04-1.39), individuals ages 18-25 (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72-0.99), individuals ages 30 or older (OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.42-1.86), and single individuals (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.05-2.83) were more likely to experience induced abortion. Wife gender preference (OR = 0.66, 95 %CI: 0.53-0.83), husband gender preference (Boy: OR = 1.33, 95 %CI: 1.10-1.63; Girl: OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.22-1.86), and the area where the individuals were located were significantly associated with the reporting of induced abortion. Conclusion: The prevalence of induced abortion is high among married women with child in China. There are also socio-demographic characteristics associated with induced abortion in China.

scholarly journals The Prevalence and Awareness of Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Factors among the Lebanese Population: A Prospective Study Comparing Urban to Rural Populations

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iqbal Fahs ◽  
Zainab Khalife ◽  
Diana Malaeb ◽  
Mohammad Iskandarani ◽  
Pascale Salameh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Undiagnosed Hypertension ◽  
Lebanese Population ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
A Prospective Study

Introduction. CVDs are largely driven by modifiable risk factors. This study sought to determine the awareness and prevalence of the modifiable CVDs risk factors among the Lebanese population.Methods. In a cross-sectional survey, 1000 participants aged ≥ 45 years were randomly selected from pharmacies and interviewed. The data was analyzed with SPSS version 21.0 software.Results. Differences between urban and rural areas include alcohol consumption (2.8% versus 1.7%;p=0.0001), cardioprotective vegetable servings (6.1% versus 2.3%;p=0.016), sedentary hours per day (18.6% versus 15.1%;p=0.002), and hypertension (38.5% versus 25.4%;p=0.001). The prevalence of overweight and obesity (77.3% versus 75.2%;p=0.468), smoking (39.3% versus 43.3%;p=0.232), diabetes (25.4% versus 21.4%;p=0.173), and dyslipidemia (25 versus 21.2%) was reported. Measurements revealed 19.3% of undiagnosed hypertension (12.4% versus 22.4%,p=0.001), 61.7% of hypertension (59.8% versus 62.6%;p=0.203), and 7.9% of undiagnosed diabetes (6.6% versus 8.6%;p=0.323). The declared awareness of CVDs risk factors was highest for smoking (91.5% versus 89.7%;p=0.339) and lowest for diabetes (54.4 versus 55.7%;p=0.692).Conclusion. This study has shown a high prevalence of modifiable CVDs risk factors in the Lebanese population ≥ 45 years, among which hypertension is the most prominent.

scholarly journals RISK FACTORS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS IN RURAL NIGERIA: A CROSS SECTIONAL SURVEY AND A REVIEW OF THE CURRENT LITERATURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-375
Author(s):  
Anthonia A. Ikpeme*,Nchiewe E. Ani, Edoise M. Isiwele, Andrew E. Ekpenyong,Emmanuel E. Ekanem
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross River State

Introduction: Over 80% of cardiovascular deaths take place in low and middle incomecountries. These cardiovascular deaths are caused by modifiable risk factors. Evidenceis emerging that some of these factors maybe even more prevalent in rural areas whichare generally underserved.Aim: The aim of this study was to record risk factors for cardiovascular disease inrural communities in south southern Nigeria and review some related literature.Methods: A cross sectional study during clinical outreach activities that took placein 2016 to 2018 in several rural and few urban communities in Cross River State,Nigeria. Participating individuals gave full consent and ethical clearance obtained.Socio-demographic data, Anthropometric data and Blood sugar measurements wereobtained. Data extracted was transferred into EXCEL thereafter analysis was doneusing SPSS version 21. p values less than 0.05 were deemed statistically significant.Tests of significance included Anova, chi square and student t- tests.Results: Total population investigated over the 3 year period was 504. (2016-33.1%),(2017 -37.9%), (2018 – 28%) with a Female: Male distribution of 1:1.Most participants tended to be overweight across the years 59.7%, 59.1%, 73.7%,2016, 2017, and 2018 respectively. The prevalence of Hypertension was 10.71%. Nosignificant gender difference in the prevalence of Hypertension (6.94% males to 3.77%females, p=0.097). The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus was 10.67%. There was nosignificant gender prevalence (6.67% males to 4.00% females, p =0.431)Conclusion: Cardiovascular disease remains relatively uncommon in Sub-SaharanAfrica, despite an increasing prevalence of risk factors, but it’s incidence is rising.Steps should be taken in Sub-Saharan Africa to prevent an epidemic. This involvesdetailed and regular screening for cardiovascular risk factors in rural communities.Key words: RISK FACTORS, Cardio vascular disease, South South Nigeria.

DOWRY DEMAND AND HARASSMENT: PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS IN INDIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (06) ◽  
pp. 727-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
VISALAKSHI JEYASEELAN ◽  
SHUBA KUMAR ◽  
L. JEYASEELAN ◽  
VISWANATHAN SHANKAR ◽  
BIJESH KUMAR YADAV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Family ◽  
Slum Areas

SummaryThe practice of dowry is widespread in India and refers to the payment of cash/gifts by the bride's family to the bridegroom's family before marriage. Though prohibited by law, dowry is widely practised, and often contributes to severe injuries and even death of young brides. This study examined the prevalence and risk factors for dowry demand and dowry harassment and its psychosocial correlates across different social strata in India, and also by husband and mother-in-law characteristics. In a cross-sectional survey of 9938 women in rural, urban and urban non-slum sites across India conducted in 1998–99, dowry demand was found to be significantly higher (p<0.001) in the urban non-slum and rural areas (26% and 23% respectively) than in urban slum areas (18%). Overall, 17% of groom's families were not satisfied with the dowry, this being higher in rural areas (21%) than in urban slum and non-slum areas (about 14% in both). The overall prevalence of dowry harassment among this group of women was 13.3%. Mothers-in-law who had themselves experienced dowry demand were 14 (95% CI 5.0–40.4) and 5 (95% CI 1.3–18.9) times more likely to demand and harass daughters-in-law over dowry, respectively. Another significant risk factor for dowry-related harassment was mother-in law's status in the family. Interventions related to modifiable risk factors, such as increased social support at the community level, should help reduce dowry harassment.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Study on Knowledge, Attitude and Preventive measures regarding Dengue Fever in Bangladesh: Quantitative Interview among University Students.

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-103
Author(s):  
S.M. Farzana ◽  
Farzana Binte Sahid ◽  
Devaroti Bhattacherjee ◽  
Tasniya Nahiyan Zulfiquar ◽  
Sanjida Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Dengue fever (DF) is the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease in the world. In this decade it has expanded to new countries and from urban to rural areas. Limited awareness and nonsystematized health education programmes have contributed adversely to the increase in dengue incidence due to limited attention which has positively contributed to the increase in vector receptivity. The current study was conducted to ascertain the knowledge, attitudes and Preventive measures regarding Dengue fever among the students of various universities in Bangladesh. Study design: A cross-sectional survey was carried out to assess the Knowledge, Awareness and Preventive measures (KAP) among the students of various universities in Bangladesh. Methodology: Between August 2020 & November 2020, an epidemiological survey was conducted among 199 students of various universities throughout Bangladesh. We collected information on the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents and their knowledge, attitude and Preventive measures regarding DF using a structured questionnaire. Majority of the questions were dichotomous (Yes/No type) and some questions were asked using five point Likert scale.  We then statistically compared their knowledge, attitude and Preventive measures in regard to socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents to identify possible causes of observed differences using SPSS version 23. Results: Total number of students from Diploma, Undergraduate (Honor's), Postgraduate (Master's) were 199 who had given voluntary consent and participated in this study willingly.  The sample comprised more males (56%) than females (44%), and almost 50% of respondents were from allied health science (Pharmacy, Microbiology, Public health, Botany, Zoology, Biotechnology, Biochemistry etc) background. Respondents had relatively good knowledge about aspects of Dengue fever. Out of 199 individuals interviewed, 97% had heard of DF. They had good knowledge score regarding dengue symptoms but comparatively moderate knowledge score regarding dengue transmission and management. The knowledge, attitude and Preventive measures level of study respondents was found statistically significant in relation to the academic attainment of the respondents. Conclusion: We recommend implementing mass educational programmes throughout the country in order to raise the awareness and to translate knowledge into sound practice to control dengue disease epidemics in Bangladesh.

Prevalence of Parkinson’s disease in China: a multicenter population-based survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengyu Song ◽  
Shuai Liu ◽  
xiyu li ◽  
Meilin Zhang ◽  
Xiaodan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sleep Behavior

ABSTRACT Objective: Few data are available on the current prevalence of Parkinson's disease in China. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Parkinson's disease in Chinese individuals aged 65 years and older and to analyze associated risk factors. Methods: We performed a population-based cross-sectional survey with a multistage cluster sampling design. Residents aged 65 and over were drawn from 11 urban districts and 10 rural counties across China. Data were entered into spreadsheets, and imported and analyzed using Statistical Package SPSS 24. Results: We identified 151 patients with Parkinson's disease among 8124 residents aged 65 and over, including 75 men (49.67%) and 76 women (50.33%). The overall prevalence of PD in the study population was 1.86% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.6%–2.2%), and the standardized prevalence of PD was 1.60%. The crude prevalence in men (2.12%) was higher than in women (1.66%), and standardized prevalence in urban areas (1.98%) was higher than in rural areas (1.48%). Logistic regression analysis showed that independent risk factors for PD were older age, heavy metal or pesticide exposure (odds ratio [OR]=3.83; 95% CI: 2.021–7.256), urban residence (OR=1.307; 95% CI: 1.041–1.642), rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (OR=1.450; 95% CI: 1.021–2.059), and heart disease (OR=2.431; 95% CI: 1.481–4.990). Conclusion：The prevalence of Parkinson's disease in individuals aged 65 and older in China has not increased significantly in recent years. The prevalence of Parkinson's disease is higher in men than in women and higher in urban areas than in rural areas.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Cognitive Impairment among Rural Elderly in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3724
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Lily Dongxia Xiao ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Yan Luo ◽  
Xiaomei Li
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mini Mental Status Examination ◽  
And Gender

Elders in rural areas of developing countries are particularly vulnerable to cognitive impairment and gender disparities are notable. Yet, evidence related to gender differences in cognitive impairment in these settings is scarce. This study examined gender differences in cognitive impairment among elderly people aged 65 and above in rural China. A multi-site cross-sectional survey was conducted. In total, 550 males and 700 females were recruited. The Chinese version of the Mini-Mental Status Examination was applied for cognitive impairment screening. Demographic information, lifestyle factors, psychosocial factors, and health-related information were assessed. The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 40.0%in males and 45.1% in females, respectively. Females showed significant higher prevalence after age 75 (62.7% vs. 45.4%, p < 0.005). Older age, hearing impairment, and activities of daily living dependence were common factors associated with cognitive impairment in both females and males. For males, living in a neighborhood with poor social interactions and diabetes were risk factors, while tea consumption was a protective factor. For females, vision impairment and illiteracy were additional risk factors. Individualized interventions and standardized measurements of cognitive function should be developed to suit older populations living in rural and less-developed areas, through collective efforts involving all stakeholders and multidisciplinary teamwork.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Hypertension in a Rural Community of Western Nepal: A Cross Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
RC Kafle ◽  
D Sharma ◽  
N Paudel ◽  
S Sapkota ◽  
VM Alurkar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Screening ◽  
Treatment And Prevention

Background and aim: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Hypertension evolved as a major public problem in urban populations of many countries including Nepal, but little is known about its prevalence and risk factors in rural areas. The objective of our study was to assess the prevalence of and risk factors associated with hypertension.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey was carried out in November 2017 in a four days health camp where peoples from ward number eight of Suklagandaki municipality of Tanahu district were called for screening of diabetes mellitus. No prior notice was given to the population about screening of hypertension. We screened total of 568 participants. Demographics, anthropometry and two independent blood pressure (BP) readings were taken. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 18.0.Results: A total of 568 individuals were interviewed and taken complete BP, weight and height measurements. More than 1/3rd (36.26%) of the respondents were in age group 18- 39 years with mean age 47.49 ± 16.61. Nearly, 60% of the respondents were female. Whilst 17.3% were smokers and 20% reported drinking alcohol. Overall prevalence of hypertension was 41.55% and this was significantly associated with age, gender, education, size of family, smoking habits, intake of alcohol, presence of diabetes mellitus.Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension was found to be high and it has become a important public health issue even in rural part of Nepal. Community screening program, timely detection, lifestyle modification, treatment and prevention are all important to deal  

scholarly journals Prevalence of Soil–Transmitted Helminth Infections and Associ-ated Risk Factors among Schoolchildren in Nakhon Si Thamma-rat, Thailand

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pokkamol LAORAKSAWONG ◽  
Aubonrat SUNTARALUK ◽  
Watcharapong KONGNIL ◽  
Pongphan PONGPANITANONT ◽  
Penchom JANWAN
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Southern Thailand

Background: Soil–transmitted helminth infections constitute a public health problem in the rural areas of tropical and subtropical regions, including Thailand. We aimed to determine the prevalence of soil–transmitted helminth infections and underlying risk factors among the schoolchildren living in the rural areas of southern Thailand. Methods: A cross–sectional survey was conducted between Sep and Nov 2018 in the district of Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand. A total of 192 children, aged 6–12 yr were enrolled. Each child provided a single stool sample that was subjected to a suite of microscopic diagnoses for soil–transmitted helminth. A questionnaire was administered to determine risk factors of the infections. Logistic regression models were applied to investigate associations. Results: The overall prevalence of soil–transmitted helminth infections was 3.13%; Strongyloides stercoralis 2.08%; hookworm 1.04% and Trichuris trichiura 0.52%. Children who cutting fingernails short can prevent soil–transmitted helminth infections highly up to 90% (crude OR = 0.1; 95% confidence interval = 0 – 0.8; P = 0.020). Conclusion: The finding of the study shows a sharp decrease in the prevalence of soil–transmitted helminth among schoolchildren in the southern Thailand in the past two decades with prevalence dropping below 5% for soil–transmitted helminth. However, the prevalence of S. stercoralis remained stable over time. These results suggest that the culture method should be used to access strongyloidiasis situation in the older age group who greater contact with soil for agriculturists.

scholarly journals Routines, Time Dedication and Habit Changes in Spanish Homes during the COVID-19 Lockdown. A Large Cross-Sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12176
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Navas-Martín ◽  
José Antonio López-Bueno ◽  
Ignacio Oteiza ◽  
Teresa Cuerdo-Vilches
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Household Composition ◽  
National Study ◽  
Grocery Shopping ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

Many countries chose to establish social distancing as lockdowns after the COVID-19 outbreak. Households had to adapt their day-to-day lifestyles to new circumstances, affecting routines and time dedication to tasks. This national study was carried out to find out how the confinement by COVID-19 affected Spanish households on the perceived habit changes during this period, in relation to their socio-demographic characteristics and household composition. An online questionnaire was launched during the COVID-19 lockdown, from 30 April to 22 June 2020. Descriptive statistics were analyzed, stratified by gender, on time dedication, routine, home leaving, and habit change variables. Chi-square tests were used to explore the relations of significance with socio-demographic characteristics and home composition. All contrast analyses were performed for a 95% confidence level (significance considered for p < 0.05). In total, 1673 respondents participated from different age groups, educational level, employment status and household composition. Sixty percent of respondents maintained their routines. A third tried to establish a new one, being related to women, young people, not a university student, and living with others, including minors. Regarding dedication to tasks, adults aged 35–54 years, with more cohabitants, especially women, devoted themselves intensively to the home or to care, while those under 35 were dedicated more to rest, leisure, television or reading. People with university studies were more related to teleworking. The frequency of going outside was related to gender, age, educational level and living with elders, specifically for grocery shopping and taking out garbage. Changes in habits, routines and time dedication in confinement were strongly linked to the sociodemographic and coexistence conditions in Spanish homes. The greatest impacts were suffered by women, people with children, and adults between 35–54 years of age, especially on care and domestic chores.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document