scholarly journals Effect of Distributed Patch of Smooth Roughness Elements on Transition in a High-Speed Boundary Layer

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meelan M. Choudhari ◽  
Fei Li ◽  
Pedro Paredes
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Roughness Elements

The Effects of a Trip Wire and Unsteadiness on a High-Speed Highly Loaded Low-Pressure Turbine Blade

2004 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 747-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vera ◽  
H. P. Hodson ◽  
R. Vazquez
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Boundary Layer Transition ◽  
Layer Transition ◽  
Low Pressure Turbine ◽  
Roughness Elements ◽  
Unsteady Inflow ◽  
Mach Numbers ◽  
Inflow Conditions

This paper presents the effect of a single spanwise two-dimensional wire upon the downstream position of boundary layer transition under steady and unsteady inflow conditions. The study is carried out on a high turning, high-speed, low pressure turbine (LPT) profile designed to take account of the unsteady flow conditions. The experiments were carried out in a transonic cascade wind tunnel to which a rotating bar system had been added. The range of Reynolds and Mach numbers studied includes realistic LPT engine conditions and extends up to the transonic regime. Losses are measured to quantify the influence of the roughness with and without wake passing. Time resolved measurements such as hot wire boundary layer surveys and surface unsteady pressure are used to explain the state of the boundary layer. The results suggest that the effect of roughness on boundary layer transition is a stability governed phenomena, even at high Mach numbers. The combination of the effect of the roughness elements with the inviscid Kelvin–Helmholtz instability responsible for the rolling up of the separated shear layer (Stieger, R. D., 2002, Ph.D. thesis, Cambridge University) is also examined. Wake traverses using pneumatic probes downstream of the cascade reveal that the use of roughness elements reduces the profile losses up to exit Mach numbers of 0.8. This occurs with both steady and unsteady inflow conditions.

The Effects of a Trip Wire and Unsteadiness on a High Speed Highly Loaded Low-Pressure Turbine Blade

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vera ◽  
H. P. Hodson ◽  
R. Vazquez
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Boundary Layer Transition ◽  
Layer Transition ◽  
Low Pressure Turbine ◽  
Roughness Elements ◽  
Unsteady Inflow ◽  
Mach Numbers ◽  
Inflow Conditions

This paper presents the effect of a single spanwise 2D wire upon the downstream position of boundary layer transition under steady and unsteady inflow conditions. The study is carried out on a high turning, high-speed, low pressure turbine (LPT) profile designed to take account of the unsteady flow conditions. The experiments were carried out in a transonic cascade wind tunnel to which a rotating bar system had been added. The range of Reynolds and Mach numbers studied includes realistic LPT engine conditions and extends up to the transonic regime. Losses are measured to quantify the influence of the roughness with and without wake passing. Time resolved measurements such as hot wire boundary layer surveys and surface unsteady pressure are used to explain the state of the boundary layer. The results suggest that the effect of roughness on boundary layer transition is a stability governed phenomena, even at high Mach numbers. The combination of the effect of the roughness elements with the inviscid Kelvin-Helmholtz instability responsible for the rolling up of the separated shear layer (Stieger [1]) is also examined. Wake traverses using pneumatic probes downstream of the cascade reveal that the use of roughness elements reduces the profile losses up to exit Mach numbers of 0.8. This occurs with both steady and unsteady inflow conditions.

Instability and transition mechanisms induced by skewed roughness elements in a high-speed laminar boundary layer

2016 ◽  
Vol 805 ◽  
pp. 262-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Groskopf ◽  
Markus J. Kloker
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Linear Stability ◽  
Stability Theory ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Roughness Element ◽  
Linear Stability Theory ◽  
Minor Importance ◽  
Roughness Elements ◽  
Second Mode

The disturbance evolution in a Mach-4.8 zero-pressure-gradient flat-plate boundary-layer flow altered by discrete three-dimensional roughness elements is investigated including a laminar breakdown scenario. Direct numerical simulation (DNS), as well as the biglobal linear stability theory based on two-dimensional eigenfunctions in flow cross-sections, are applied. Roughness elements with high ratios of spanwise width to streamwise length are compared at varying height and skewing angles with respect to the oncoming flow. For an oblique roughness, the element’s height is varied between 27 % and 68 % of the undisturbed boundary-layer thickness. Compared to a symmetric roughness element an obliquely placed element generates a more pronounced low-speed streak in the roughness wake. The linear stability analysis reveals the occurrence of eigenmodes that can be associated with the first and second modes in the flat-plate flow. At identical roughness height, larger amplification is found for the eigenmodes of the oblique set-up. The results are confirmed by unsteady DNS showing very good agreement with stability theory; transient-growth behaviour in the near wake of the roughness is of minor importance. The comparison of the results gained for adiabatic wind-tunnel flow conditions with those for atmospheric-flight conditions with wall cooling reveals significant differences in the wake vortex system with subsequent impact on the stability properties of the flow. The hot-flow cases are less unstable at identical roughness Reynolds numbers. A variation of the wall cooling shows that the roughness-wake first- and second-mode behaviour is similar to that of the flat-plate flow: wall cooling stabilizes the first-mode and destabilizes the second-mode instabilities of the roughness wake.

A Statistical Study of Process Variables to Optimize a High Speed Curtain Coater: Part I

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
PEEYUSH TRIPATHI ◽  
MARGARET JOYCE ◽  
PAUL D. FLEMING ◽  
MASAHIRO SUGIHARA
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Statistical Study ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
High Speeds ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Air Removal ◽  
Removal System

Using an experimental design approach, researchers altered process parameters and material prop-erties to stabilize the curtain of a pilot curtain coater at high speeds. Part I of this paper identifies the four significant variables that influence curtain stability. The boundary layer air removal system was critical to the stability of the curtain and base sheet roughness was found to be very important. A shear thinning coating rheology and higher curtain heights improved the curtain stability at high speeds. The sizing of the base sheet affected coverage and cur-tain stability because of its effect on base sheet wettability. The role of surfactant was inconclusive. Part II of this paper will report on further optimization of curtain stability with these four variables using a D-optimal partial-facto-rial design.

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