Reducing the cost of advanced technology engines

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Skira ◽  
Charles Skira
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Technology ◽  
The Cost

Expectations and Recent Experience for Gas Turbine Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability (RAM)

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Steele ◽  
Dale C. Paul ◽  
Torgeir Rui
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Recent Experience ◽  
Reliability Growth ◽  
Market Place ◽  
New Product Introductions ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
The Cost

Since the early 1990’s there have been significant changes in the gas turbine, and power generation market place. The ‘F-Class’ Gas Turbines, with higher firing temperatures, single crystal materials, increased compressor pressure ratios and low emission combustion systems that were introduced in the early 1990’s have gained significant field experience. Many of the issues experienced by these new product introductions have been addressed. The actual reliability growth and current performance of these advanced technology machines will be examined. Additionally, the operating profiles anticipated for many of the units installed during this period has been impacted by both changes in the anticipated demand and increases in fuel costs, especially the cost of natural gas. This paper will review how these changes have impacted the Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability performance of gas turbines. Data from the ORAP® System, maintained by Strategic Power Systems, Inc, will be utilized to examine the actual RAM performance over the past 10 to 15 years in relation to goals and expectations. Specifically, this paper will examine the reliability growth of the F-Class turbines since the 1990’s and examine the reliability impact of duty cycle on RAM performance.

scholarly journals Investigations on Efficiently Interfaced Steel Concrete Composite Deck Slabs

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. N. Lakshmikandhan ◽  
P. Sivakumar ◽  
R. Ravichandran ◽  
S. Arul Jayachandran
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Shear ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Shear Connector ◽  
Premature Failure ◽  
Shear Connectors ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slabs ◽  
Composite Slabs ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Deck Slab

The strength of the composite deck slab depends mainly on the longitudinal shear transfer mechanism at the interface between steel and concrete. The bond strength developed by the cement paste is weak and causes premature failure of composite deck slab. This deficiency is effectively overcame by a shear transferring mechanism in the form of mechanical interlock through indentations, embossments, or fastening studs. Development of embossment patterns requires an advanced technology which makes the deck profile expensive. Fastening studs by welding weakens the joint strength and also escalates the cost. The present investigation is attempted to arrive at a better, simple interface mechanism. Three types of mechanical connector schemes are identified and investigated experimentally. All of the three shear connector schemes exhibited full shear interaction with negligible slip. The strength and stiffness of the composite slabs with shear connectors are superior about one and half time compared to these of the conventional reinforced concrete slabs and about twice compared to these of composite slabs without mechanical shear connectors. The scheme2 and scheme3 shear connector mechanisms integrate deck webs and improve strength and stiffness of the deck, which can effectively reduce the cost of formworks and supports efficiently.

The Internet — A New Dimension in University—Industry Collaboration

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 349-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Grant ◽  
T. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Industry Collaboration ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Working Day ◽  
Technology And Communication ◽  
The Cost ◽  
University Industry

This paper examines how advanced technology and communication networks are revolutionizing the way university researchers, scientists and industrialists are communicating and working together. In collaborative projects, partners often come from different environments, backgrounds and possibly different regions and countries. Barriers such as geographical remoteness, lack of time in the working day, the cost of travel and differences in culture can seriously hinder regular communication and development work. However the Internet is fast becoming an indispensable international communications tool. It constitutes a resource that is invaluable to the knowledge and technology transfer process. It links over two-thirds of universities and is enabling industry and universities all over the world to develop in new and exciting ways – although there are both opportunities and threats associated with its explosive growth. This paper illustrates how the authors have gained advantage by exploiting current technology to form successful partnerships in this new high-speed ‘no boundaries’ information age.

The Growth of Advanced Packaging: An Overview of the Latest Technology Developments, Applications and Market Trends

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (1) ◽  
pp. 000001-000005 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Beica ◽  
A. Ivankovic ◽  
T. Buisson ◽  
S. Kumar ◽  
J. Azemar
Keyword(s):  
Semiconductor Industry ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Advanced Packaging ◽  
Scaling Process ◽  
Market Trends ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Technology Nodes

The semiconductor industry, for more than five decades, has followed Moore's law and was driven by miniaturization of the transistors, scaling the CMOS technology to smaller and more advanced technology nodes while, at the same time, reducing the cost. The industry is reaching now limitations in continuing this scaling process in cost effective way. While technology nodes continue to be developed and innovative solutions are being proposed, the investment required to bring such technologies to production are significantly increasing. To overcome these limitations, new packaging technologies have been developed, enabling integration of more performing as well as various type of devices within the same package. This paper will provide an overview of current trends seen in the industry across all the packaging platforms (WLCSP1, FanOut2, Embedded Die2, Flip Chip3 and 3DIC4). Challenges, applications, positioning of the different packaging technologies by market segments (from low end to high end applications) and changes of the markets and drivers, growth rates and roadmaps will be presented. Global capacities and demands and the landscape of the packaging industry will be reviewed. Examples of teardowns to illustrate the latest packaging techniques for various devices used in latest products will be included.

The Potential Impact of Utilizing Advanced Engine Technology for a Combat Capable Unmanned Air Vehicle (UAV)

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg B. Bruening ◽  
James R. Snyder ◽  
Raymond E. Fredette
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
System Level ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Air Defense ◽  
Unmanned Air Vehicle ◽  
Air Vehicle ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Cost

This paper evaluates the potential impact of utilizing advanced engine technology for a limited life, combat capable, unmanned air vehicle (UAV) application. A study was conducted to define payoffs in terms of mission capability and system level life cycle costs (LCC) associated with implementing three different engine development approaches into a combat capable UAV design. The three different approaches considered were: a new, advanced technology engine; an existing (off-the-shelf) engine; and a derivative of an existing engine with limited technology insertion. A detailed vehicle configuration design was developed to conduct this assessment, including a low observable (LO), highly integrated engine/airframe layout for survivability and mission adaptable considerations. The vehicle is designed with multi-role mission capability such as suppression of enemy air defense (SEAD), close air support (CAS), and battlefield air interdiction (BAI). A system level performance comparison is assessed with the three different engine approaches, specifically for the SEAD-type mission. For the cost analysis, the multi-role mission capability is reflected in the overall assumptions such as in the number of aircraft needed to meet the mission requirements. A system level assessment such as in this study is essential in determining whether the additional costs associated with the development of a new, advanced engine is worth the investment. The results of this study suggest that advanced engine technology insertion can provide significant benefits in terms of mission range capability, vehicle weight/size, and overall life cycle costs versus an existing engine.

The Impact Of Mobile Commerce In Kavala

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 400
Author(s):  
Vasilios Zoumpoulidis ◽  
Aggelos Zoitsas ◽  
Vasilios Ferelis ◽  
Michael Nikolaidis
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Mobile Commerce ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Business World ◽  
Statistical Program ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

<p class="AbstractText">The mobile commerce, as an integral and often dominant part of a broader technological, economic and social system, is closely linked to environmental conditions that affect; this affects their decisions and strategy implemented. Undoubtedly, in the current era, the competition is increased and dominant in the market, pushing their bodies and citizens to abandon traditional and time-consuming methods of business functions, practices and yet purchases.</p><p class="AbstractText">The purpose of this study, it is the presentation and the penetration of mobile commerce to the citizens of Kavala. In particular, how they use their mobile devices in making purchases. The survey conducted in 2015 on a random sample of 220 people with criterion that the respondents have a mobile equipment. It was studied the use of wireless technologies in conjunction with the recognition and use of electronic commerce by both consumers and business world.</p><p class="AbstractText">The questionnaire has 47 questions concerning the population distribution, the advanced technology of their mobile devices, the interest for products and services provided by m-commerce and the security they feel. Finally, the respondents were asked for the purchases made by their mobile equipments and whether they were satisfied.</p>For the measurement of the research factors which appear in the conducted study, the method of multiple determinants variables were used. The data analysis was carried out with the use of the statistical program SPSS Statistics 19.0.<br />The conclusions of the survey is that despite the cost of use, the connection speeds, and security and misuse of personal data problems, the mobile commerce is in constant development due to the critical mass of the users who immediately and practically use their mobile devices.

Bending the Cost Curve: A Unique Collaboration Between Radiation Oncologists and Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts to Optimize the Use of Advanced Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e321-e327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Steingisser ◽  
Brian Acker ◽  
Stuart Berman ◽  
Mark J. Brenner ◽  
Bruce A. Bornstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Radiation Oncology ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Advisory Council ◽  
Cost Curve ◽  
Appropriate Use ◽  
Planning Time ◽  
Blue Cross Blue Shield ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Blue Shield

Because of increased treatment planning time and quality assurance, IMRT is costly. Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts and the Massachusetts Radiation Oncology Physicians Advisory Council have developed a strategy to develop standards for the appropriate use of IMRT.

scholarly journals Biological Active Esters of the Isovaleric Acid

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kh.A. Suerbaev ◽  
G.Zh. Zhaksylykova ◽  
N.O. Appazov
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Isovaleric Acid ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Drug Synthesis ◽  
One Step ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Carbon Acid ◽  
Acid Esters

<p>Hydroalkoxycarbonylation of olefins with carbon monoxide and alcohols under condition of homogeneous –catalysis with transition metal complexes allows facile one-step synthesis of practically <br /> useful carbon acid esters. Many of them have biological activity and are constituents of drugs or valuable intermediate products in drug synthesis. Hydroalkoxycarbonylation of isobutylene with carbon monoxide and alcohols in the presence of catalytic system Pd(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>-PPh<sub>3</sub>-TsOH was applied for preparing of biological active isovaleric acid esters: <em>1</em>-menthylisovalerate (main active component of the spasmolytic medicine “Validolum”), ethylisovalerate (intermediate product for obtaining sedative and spasmolytic medicines “Ethyl ester of <em>α</em>-bromisovaleric acid” and “Corvalolum”), cyclohexylisovalerate (bactericide activity) and benzylisovalerate (bactericide and antifungus activity). Hydroalkoxycarbonylation reaction of isobutylene with carbon monoxide and alcohols (ethanol, cyclohexanol, l-menthol, benzyl alcohol) in the presence Pd(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>-PPh<sub>3</sub>-TsOH system carried out at conditions: temperature 100 °C; CO pressure 2.0 MPa; reaction time 4 h; reactants and catalyst components ratio [alcohol]:[isobutylene]:[Pd(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>]:[PPh<sub>3</sub>]:[TsOH] = 435:550:1:3:12. The yields of the products were 71-95% (on converted alcohols). The selectivity in linear reaction products was 100%. Such a high regioselectivity is apparently provided both by the structure of the starting alkene (isobutylene) and by the reaction mechanism. The most probable is a hydride mechanism. Due to the more advanced technology of production the Medicines will have better qualitative characteristics. The cost of production of the Medicines with the use of new technologies is 2-3 times lower as compared to the medicines produced by existing at the present traditional technologies.</p>

State of the Art in Aircraft Gas Turbine Technology

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Sampl ◽  
M. E. Shank
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Commercial Aircraft ◽  
Turbofan Engines ◽  
Cost Of Ownership ◽  
Direct Operating Cost ◽  
The Cost

The new series of turbofan engines use advanced technology features which enhance their attractiveness through reductions in the cost of ownership, noise, and pollution. Improvements in aerodynamics, mechanics, electronics, and materials technology reduce the cost of ownership via such factors as cost, reliability, durability, and operability. Primarily, advanced technology addresses fuel consumption, a parameter with a very large effect on direct operating cost. In addition, these advances do not trade convenience of operation for environmental acceptability. The advanced technology concepts used in the new commercial aircraft turbine engines offer both economic and environmental benefits.

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