Space Shuttle launch probabilities for assigned weather constraints to support Space Station requirements

Chapter 5, “Space Station: Campaigning for a Permanent Human Presence in Space,” transitions from the space shuttle as the focus of U.S. human spaceflight to NASA’s push for a permanent space station from the 1980s into the new century. The space station became the new icon for justifying humans living and working off the planet. The focus here is the constant effort to shape and reshape both the rationale for the station and its actual configuration in the face of mounting opposition. Two phrases served to reshape the meaning of spaceflight once a space station claimed the agenda: “the next logical step” and “a permanent presence in space.”

Download Full-text

Web-based weather expert system (WES) for Space Shuttle launch

SMC'03 Conference Proceedings. 2003 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. Conference Theme - System Security and Assurance (Cat. No.03CH37483) ◽

10.1109/icsmc.2003.1245782 ◽

2004 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

T. Rajkumar ◽

J.E. Bardina

Keyword(s):

Expert System ◽

Space Shuttle ◽

Web Based ◽

Space Shuttle Launch

Download Full-text

Shuttle diplomacy

Mechanical Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.2011-jul-4 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 133 (07) ◽

pp. 46-53

Author(s):

Burton Dicht

Keyword(s):

International Space Station ◽

Space Shuttle ◽

Space Exploration ◽

Space Station ◽

Operating Costs ◽

Space Program ◽

International Space ◽

New Vision ◽

The Cost ◽

The U.S

This article analyzes the decisions and technological challenges that drove the Space Shuttle’s development. The goal of the Shuttle program was to create a reusable vehicle that could reduce the cost of delivering humans and large payloads into space. Although the Shuttle was a remarkable flying machine, it never lived up to the goals of an airline-style operation with low operating costs. In January 2004, a year after the Columbia accident, President George W. Bush unveiled the “Vision for U.S. Space Exploration” to guide the U.S. space effort for the next two decades. A major component of the new vision, driven by the recommendations of the Columbia Accident Investigation Board, was to retire the Space Shuttle fleet as soon as the International Space Station assembly was completed. With cancellation of the Constellation program in 2010, the planned successor to the Shuttle, the U.S. space program is now in an era of uncertainty.

Download Full-text

Skylab's Astronaut Maneuvering Unit (Experiment M509) — A Comparison of Six Degree of Freedom Simulation and on-Orbit Flight

Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193127401800216 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 187-187

Author(s):

A. M. Ray

Keyword(s):

Space Shuttle ◽

Space Station ◽

Degree Of Freedom ◽

Test Bed ◽

Control Logic ◽

Test And Evaluation ◽

Unit Design ◽

Design Requirements ◽

Experiment Hardware ◽

Six Degree Of Freedom

A test bed type astronaut maneuvering unit was designed and evaluated with the assistance of Martin Marietta's six degree of freedom simulator. Four different control modes were developed for this unit for test and evaluation inside Skylab's 22 foot diameter orbital workshop. The orbital tests have provided the experience and technology base necessary for space Shuttle and space station astronaut maneuvering unit design requirements. This paper is an overview of the M509 experiment hardware, procedures, and results with emphasis on the comparison between on-orbit test results and the six degree of freedom simulator. The simulator was used to develop the unit's design requirements, evaluate the control logic parameters, and for developing maneuvers and training the crew. The simulator will also be flown by the Skylab crews in May for post flight evaluation and simulator calibration. (Films of the simulations and on-orbit flight are available as part of this presentation.)

Download Full-text

Making media work in space: an interdisciplinary perspective on media and communication requirements for current and future space communities

International Journal of Astrobiology ◽

10.1017/s1473550405002788 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 4 (3-4) ◽

pp. 259-268 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. Babidge ◽

J. Cokley ◽

F. Gordon ◽

E. Louw

Keyword(s):

Gender Equity ◽

Space Shuttle ◽

Space Station ◽

Social Adaptation ◽

Small Scale ◽

Long Duration ◽

Future Space ◽

The Social ◽

Media Work ◽

Group Attributes

As humans expand into space communities will form. These have already begun to form in small ways, such as long-duration missions on the International Space Station and the space shuttle, and small-scale tourist excursions into space. Social, behavioural and communications data emerging from such existing communities in space suggest that the physically-bounded, work-oriented and traditionally male-dominated nature of these extremely remote groups present specific problems for the resident astronauts, groups of them viewed as ‘communities’, and their associated groups who remain on Earth, including mission controllers, management and astronauts’ families. Notionally feminine group attributes such as adaptive competence, social adaptation skills and social sensitivity will be crucial to the viability of space communities and in the absence of gender equity, ‘staying in touch’ by means of ‘news from home’ becomes more important than ever. A template of news and media forms and technologies is suggested to service those needs and enhance the social viability of future terraforming activities.

Download Full-text

Measurement by FIB on the ISS: Two Emissions of Solar Neutrons Detected?

Advances in Astronomy ◽

10.1155/2012/379304 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Y. Muraki ◽

K. Koga ◽

T. Goka ◽

H. Matsumoto ◽

T. Obara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Flares ◽

Neutron Detector ◽

Space Shuttle ◽

Space Station ◽

Energy Spectra ◽

Arrival Direction ◽

Directional Information ◽

Solar Neutron ◽

New Type ◽

First Time

A new type of solar neutron detector (FIB) was launched on board the Space Shuttle Endeavour on July 16, 2009, and began collecting data at the International Space Station (ISS) on August 25, 2009. This paper summarizes the three years of observations obtained by the solar neutron detector FIB until the end of July 2012. The solar neutron detector FIB can determine both the energy and arrival direction of neutrons. We measured the energy spectra of background neutrons over the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) region and elsewhere and found the typical trigger rates to be 20 and 0.22 counts/sec, respectively. It is possible to identify solar neutrons to within a level of 0.028 counts/sec, provided that directional information is applied. Solar neutrons were possibly observed in association with the M-class solar flares that occurred on March 7 (M3.7) and June 7 (M2.5) of 2011. This marked the first time that neutrons had been observed in M-class solar flares. A possible interpretation of the production process is provided.

Download Full-text