New technology in commercial aircraft design for minimum operating cost

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. STEWART ◽  
B. CAMPION
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Aircraft Design ◽  
Commercial Aircraft ◽  
Minimum Operating

scholarly journals Synergistic Technology Combinations for Future Commercial Aircraft Using Liquid Hydrogen

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavlos Rompokos ◽  
Andrew Rolt ◽  
Devaiah Nalianda ◽  
Askin T. Isikveren ◽  
Capucine Senné ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Integrated Design ◽  
Aircraft Design ◽  
Liquid Hydrogen ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Commercial Aircraft ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Distributed Propulsion ◽  
Body Design

Abstract Liquid hydrogen (LH2) has long been seen as a technically feasible fuel for a fully sustainable greener aviation future. The low density of the cryogenic fuel would dictate the redesign of commercial aircraft to accommodate the large tanks, which are unlikely to be integrated within the whole internal volume of the wing. In the ENABLEH2 project, the morphological aspects of a LH2 aircraft design are discussed and a methodology for rapid concept comparative assessment is proposed. An exercise is then carried on to down-select short-to-medium range (SMR) and long-range (LR) concepts, able to carry 200 passengers for 3000 nmi and 414 passengers for 7500 nmi respectively. The down-selection process was split into two phases with the first considering 31 potential airframe architectures and 21 propulsion-system arrangements. The second phase made the final down-selections from a short-list of nine integrated design concepts that were ranked according to 34 criteria, relating to operating cost, revenue, noise and safety. Upon completion of the process, a tube and wing design with the tanks integrated into extended wing roots, and a blended-wing-body design were selected as the best candidates for the SMR and LR applications respectively. Both concepts feature distributed propulsion to maximise synergies from integrating the airframe and propulsion systems.

scholarly journals Synergistic Technology Combinations for Future Commercial Aircraft Using Liquid Hydrogen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavlos Rompokos ◽  
Andrew Rolt ◽  
Devaiah Nalianda ◽  
Askin T. Isikveren ◽  
Capucine Senné ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Integrated Design ◽  
Aircraft Design ◽  
Liquid Hydrogen ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Commercial Aircraft ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Distributed Propulsion ◽  
Body Design

Abstract Liquid hydrogen (LH2) has long been seen as a technically feasible fuel for a fully sustainable greener aviation future. The low density of the cryogenic fuel would dictate the redesign of commercial aircraft to accommodate the large tanks, which are unlikely to be integrated within the whole internal volume of the wing. In the ENABLEH2 project, the morphological aspects of a LH2 aircraft design are discussed and a methodology for rapid concept comparative assessment is proposed. An exercise is then carried on to down-select short-to-medium range (SMR) and long-range (LR) concepts, able to carry 200 passengers for 3000 nmi and 414 passengers for 7500?nmi respectively. The down-selection process was split into two phases with the first considering 31 potential airframe architectures and 21 propulsion-system arrangements. The second phase made the final down-selections from a short-list of nine integrated design concepts that were ranked according to 34 criteria, relating to operating cost, revenue, noise and safety. Upon completion of the process, a tube and wing design with the tanks integrated into extended wing roots, and a blended-wing-body design were selected as the best candidates for the SMR and LR applications respectively. Both concepts feature distributed propulsion to maximise synergies from integrating the airframe and propulsion systems.

scholarly journals THE FUTURE OF PASSENGER AIR TRANSPORT – VERY LARGE AIRCRAFT AND OUT KEY HUMAN FACTORS AFFECTING THE OPERATION AND SAFETY OF PASSENGER AIR TRANSPORT

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Petra Skolilova
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Aircraft Design ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Fuel Burn ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

The article outlines some human factors affecting the operation and safety of passenger air transport given the massive increase in the use of the VLA. Decrease of the impact of the CO2 world emissions is one of the key goals for the new aircraft design. The main wave is going to reduce the burned fuel. Therefore, the eco-efficiency engines combined with reasonable economic operation of the aircraft are very important from an aviation perspective. The prediction for the year 2030 says that about 90% of people, which will use long-haul flights to fly between big cities. So, the A380 was designed exactly for this time period, with a focus on the right capacity, right operating cost and right fuel burn per seat. There is no aircraft today with better fuel burn combined with eco-efficiency per seat, than the A380. The very large aircrafts (VLAs) are the future of the commercial passenger aviation. Operating cost versus safety or CO2 emissions versus increasing automation inside the new generation aircraft. Almost 80% of the world aircraft accidents are caused by human error based on wrong action, reaction or final decision of pilots, the catastrophic failures of aircraft systems, or air traffic control errors are not so frequent. So, we are at the beginning of a new age in passenger aviation and the role of the human factor is more important than ever.

Energy management of a microgrid using demand response strategy including renewable uncertainties

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-100
Author(s):  
Suchitra Dayalan ◽  
Rajarajeswari Rathinam
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Minimum Operating

Abstract Microgrid is an effective means of integrating multiple energy sources of distributed energy to improve the economy, stability and security of the energy systems. A typical microgrid consists of Renewable Energy Source (RES), Controllable Thermal Units (CTU), Energy Storage System (ESS), interruptible and uninterruptible loads. From the perspective of the generation, the microgrid should be operated at the minimum operating cost, whereas from the perspective of demand, the energy cost imposed on the consumer should be minimum. The main key in controlling the relationship of microgrid with the utility grid is managing the demand. An Energy Management System (EMS) is required to have real time control over the demand and the Distributed Energy Resources (DER). Demand Side Management (DSM) assesses the actual demand in the microgrid to integrate different energy resources distributed within the grid. With these motivations towards the operation of a microgrid and also to achieve the objective of minimizing the total expected operating cost, the DER schedules are optimized for meeting the loads. Demand Response (DR) a part of DSM is integrated with MG islanded mode operation by using Time of Use (TOU) and Real Time Pricing (RTP) procedures. Both TOU and RTP are used for shifting the controllable loads. RES is used for generator side cost reduction and load shifting using DR performs the load side control by reducing the peak to average ratio. Four different cases with and without the PV, wind uncertainties and ESS are analyzed with Demand Response and Unitcommittment (DRUC) strategy. The Strawberry (SBY) algorithm is used for obtaining the minimum operating cost and to achieve better energy management of the Microgrid.

Micro-Grid Energy Optimization Include Battery-Swapping-Station

2014 ◽  
Vol 672-674 ◽  
pp. 1358-1363
Author(s):  
Liu Shu ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
Xiu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Energy Optimization ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Operation Efficiency ◽  
Micro Grid ◽  
Minimum Operating

Accessing electric vehicle (EV) into micro-grid (MG) by battery-swapping station (BSS) will not only reduce the negative impact brought by EVs which are directly accessed into MG, but also improve the capacity of MG to absorb more renewable energy. That BSS is regarded as schedulable load is guided to avoid peak and fill valley according to TOU. As a result, the gap between peak and valley of MG is decreased and the operation efficiency of MG is elevated. A specific MG is taken as the studying object and the minimum operating cost is regarded as the optimizing goal, then the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the outputting of each micro-source and the charging power of BSS so that the optimal operation is realized.

Integration of bill of materials with unified bill of materials model for commercial aircraft design to manufacturing

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina He ◽  
Yanrong Ni ◽  
Xinguo Ming ◽  
Miao Li ◽  
Xiuzhen Li
Keyword(s):  
Aircraft Design ◽  
Commercial Aircraft ◽  
Bill Of Materials
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