State of gut microbiota and dietary preferences in obese adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
L.K. Parkhomenko ◽  
◽  
L.A. Strashok ◽  
M.A. Khomenko ◽  
T.P. Osolodchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Dietary Preferences

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota Shift in Obese Adolescents Born by Cesarean Section

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-429
Author(s):  
Evgenia Novikova ◽  
Natalia Belkova ◽  
Anna Pogodina ◽  
Anastasia Romanitsa ◽  
Elizaveta Klimenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Illumina Platform ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Variable Regions ◽  
Obese Adolescents

Background: It is known that in the early postnatal period a variety of factors affect the gut microbiota (GM) composition, including delivery mode. The effect of delivery mode on the human GM in the late postnatal period remains unexplored. A shift of GM composition due to delivery mode may contribute to the development of obesity in adulthood. Methods and Results: The study included six adolescents aged between 11 and 17 years treated and examined at the Clinic of the Scientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction (Irkutsk, Russia) in 2016. Stool samples were collected following the standard operating procedures according to the International Human Microbiome Standards. Metasequencing of V3-V4 variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene was performed by the Novogene Company (China) on the Illumina platform. Bioinformatic analysis was done by the bri-shur.com services. Sequencing reads were presented as normalized values. In general, the GM composition of obese adolescents born by cesarean section was characterized by composition heterogeneity within the Bacteroidetes phylum and the dominance of certain phylotypes as signs of dysbiosis for each adolescent. We detected an increased abundance of phyla Bacteroides and Proteobacteria, and an absence of Tenericutes in obese adolescents born by Caesarean section. On the level of genera, the prevalence of Bacteroides and Bacteroides S24-7 phylotypes, and the absence of the RF39 phylotype, led to the GM shift associated with a cesarean section or obesity. Conclusion: Obese adolescents born by cesarean section delivery present the shift in GM composition.

scholarly journals Associations of clinical features of functional bowel disorders with gut microbiota characteristics in adolescents: A pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6-2) ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
A. I. Romanitsa ◽  
U. M. Nemchenko ◽  
A. V. Pogodina ◽  
E. V. Grigorova ◽  
N. L. Belkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Enzymatic Properties ◽  
Functional Bowel Disorders ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bowel Movements ◽  
Bowel Disorders ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Clostridium Spp

Background. Obesity is a multifactorial disease that is one of the important public health problems in the 21st century. Functional bowel disorders in obese children and adolescents are one of the most common pathologies of the digestive tract. The aim: to characterize the bacteriological composition of the colon microbiota in obese adolescents and identify its associations with the clinical manifestations of functional bowel disorders.Materials and methods. The study included 20 adolescents aged 11–17 years. Stool consistency was assessed using the Bristol Stool Scale. The study of biological material was carried out using standard bacteriological methods. To assess the strength of the relationship between the nominal variables, Cramer’s V test was used.Results. It has been shown that in adolescents with obesity and functional bowel disorders, there is a decrease in the number of representatives of bifidoflora, an increase in the microbial density of Escherichia coli with altered enzymatic properties and an excessive growth of potentially pathogenic enterobacteria. In obese adolescents with functional bowel disorders, abdominal pain associated with the act of defecation is associated with the presence of enterobacteria and E. coli with altered enzymatic properties. Rare bowel movements are associated with an increased abundance of Enterococcus spp. and the presence of opportunistic Enterobacteriaceae microorganisms. Frequent bowel movements are associated with the presence of E. coli with altered enzymatic properties and Clostridium spp. In the presence of loose stool, Clostridium spp. is present; unstable stool (alternation of hard and liquid stools in one patient) is associated with a decrease in the number of lactobacilli and E. coli with normal enzymatic properties, the appearance of E. coli with altered enzymatic properties, opportunistic microorganisms of Enterobacteriaceae family and Clostridium spp. Conclusion. The relationship between the clinical symptoms of functional bowel disorders and changes in the composition of the gut microbiota in obese adolescents may be a justification for conducting in-depth studies aimed at finding early predictors of functional bowel diseases associated with obesity in the adult cohort.

scholarly journals Obese Adolescents With PCOS Have Altered Biodiversity and Relative Abundance in Gastrointestinal Microbiota

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. e2134-e2144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beza Jobira ◽  
Daniel N Frank ◽  
Laura Pyle ◽  
Lori J Silveira ◽  
Megan M Kelsey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Α Diversity

Abstract Context Alterations in gut microbiota relate to the metabolic syndrome, but have not been examined in at-risk obese youth with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Objective Compare the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota and associations with metabolic and hormonal measures between 2 groups of female adolescents with equal obesity with or without PCOS. Design Prospective, case-control cross-sectional study. Setting Tertiary-care center. Participants A total of 58 obese female adolescents (n = 37 with PCOS; 16.1 ± 0.3 years of age; body mass index [BMI] 98.5th percentile) and (n = 21 without PCOS; 14.5 ± 0.4 years of age; BMI 98.7th percentile). Outcomes Bacterial diversity, percent relative abundance (%RA), and correlations with hormonal and metabolic measures. Results Participants with PCOS had decreased α-diversity compared with the non-PCOS group (Shannon diversity P = 0.045 and evenness P = 0.0052). β-diversity, reflecting overall microbial composition, differed between groups (P < 0.001). PCOS had higher %RA of phyla Actinobacteria (P = 0.027), lower Bacteroidetes (P = 0.004), and similar Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. PCOS had lower %RA of families Bacteroidaceae (P < 0.001) and Porphyromonadaceae (P = 0.024) and higher Streptococcaceae (P = 0.047). Lower bacterial α-diversity was strongly associated with higher testosterone concentrations. Several individual taxa correlated with testosterone and metabolic measures within PCOS and across the entire cohort. Receiver operative curve analysis showed 6 taxa for which the %RA related to PCOS status and lower Bacteroidaceae conferred a 4.4-fold likelihood ratio for PCOS. Conclusion Alterations in the gut microbiota exist in obese adolescents with PCOS versus obese adolescents without PCOS and these changes relate to markers of metabolic disease and testosterone. Further work is needed to determine if microbiota changes are reflective of, or influencing, hormonal metabolism.

scholarly journals Exposure to traffic-related air pollution and the composition of the gut microbiota in overweight and obese adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 472-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya L. Alderete ◽  
Roshonda B. Jones ◽  
Zhanghua Chen ◽  
Jeniffer S. Kim ◽  
Rima Habre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Obese Adolescents

scholarly journals OC26 Features of gut microbiota composition in obese adolescents

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyubov Rychkova ◽  
Evgenia Novikova ◽  
Natalia Belkova ◽  
Anna Pogodina ◽  
Anastasiya Romanitsa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota and Endothelial Dysfunction Markers in Obese Mexican Children and Adolescents

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khemlal Nirmalkar ◽  
Selvasankar Murugesan ◽  
María Pizano-Zárate ◽  
Loan Villalobos-Flores ◽  
Cristina García-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Mexican Children

Obesity is a metabolic disease characterized by low-grade inflammation and accompanied by dyslipidemia and up-regulation of other bioactive molecules, creating a predisposition to endothelial dysfunction and metabolic syndrome. We studied the association between gut microbiota diversity and endothelial dysfunction (EDF) markers in obese Mexican children and adolescents. We examined clinical data including metabolic factors and EDF markers in blood samples. Gut bacterial diversity was characterized by high-throughput sequencing of V3-16S rDNA libraries. Triglycerides, insulin, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistant (HOMA-IR), leptin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and EDF marker intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) were significantly higher in obese children and adolescents. Multivariate analysis showed statistically significant positive associations between vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and Veillonellaceae, and between ICAM-1 and Ruminococcus in obese children. In obese adolescents, there was a statistically significant positive association between total cholesterol and Ruminococcus, and between ICAM-1 and Bacteroides. LEfSe analysis showed that the genus Lactobacillus and family Coriobacteriaceae were enriched in children, and genera Collinsella and Prevotella were enriched in obese adolescents. Obese children and adolescents had higher levels of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. These results suggest that obese Mexican children and adolescents had increased levels of CRP and a reduction of adiponectin, which causes higher expression of EDF markers, affecting endothelial function and associating with changes in the gut microbiota.

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