scholarly journals OPTIMIZING THE LOCATION OF URBAN CHARGING STATIONS FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES: CASE STUDY OF THE CITY OF TYUMEN, RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANASTASIYA GORBUNOVA ◽  
ILYA ANISIMOV
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
The City

scholarly journals Scenario Analyses of Exhaust Emissions Reduction through the Introduction of Electric Vehicles into the City

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 2030
Author(s):  
Marianna Jacyna ◽  
Renata Żochowska ◽  
Aleksander Sobota ◽  
Mariusz Wasiak
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Scenario Analyses ◽  
High Emission ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
The One ◽  
The City

In recent years, policymakers of urban agglomerations in various regions of the world have been striving to reduce environmental pollution from harmful exhaust and noise emissions. Restrictions on conventional vehicles entering the inner city are being introduced and the introduction of low-emission measures, including electric ones, is being promoted. This paper presents a method for scenario analysis applied to study the reduction of exhaust emissions by introducing electric vehicles in a selected city. The original scenario analyses relating to real problems faced by contemporary metropolitan areas are based on the VISUM tool (PTV Headquarters for Europe: PTV Planung Transport Verkehr AG, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany). For the case study, the transport model of the city of Bielsko-Biala (Poland) was used to conduct experiments with different forms of participation of electric vehicles on the one hand and traffic restrictions for high emission vehicles on the other hand. Scenario analyses were conducted for various constraint options including inbound, outbound, and through traffic. Travel time for specific transport relations and the volume of harmful emissions were used as criteria for evaluating scenarios of limited accessibility to city zones for selected types of vehicles. The comparative analyses carried out showed that the introduction of electric vehicles in the inner city resulted in a significant reduction in the emission of harmful exhaust compounds and, consequently, in an increase in the area of clean air in the city. The case study and its results provide some valuable insights and may guide decision-makers in their actions to introduce both driving ban restrictions for high-emission vehicles and incentives for the use of electric vehicles for city residents.

scholarly journals Road Test-Based Electric Bus Selection: A Case Study of the Nanjing Bus Company

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1253
Author(s):  
Jian Gong ◽  
Jie He ◽  
Cheng Cheng ◽  
Mark King ◽  
Xintong Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Road Test ◽  
The Road ◽  
Structure Selection ◽  
Electric Bus ◽  
The City ◽  
Selection Of

Globally, the use of electric vehicles, and in particular the use of electric buses, has been increasing. The city of Nanjing leads China in the adoption of electric buses, supported by city policies and infrastructure. To lower costs and provide a better service, vehicle selection is crucial, however, existing selection methods are limited. Accordingly, Nanjing Bus Company developed a test method based on road tests to select a bus. This paper presents a detailed description of the test method and a case study of its application. The method included an organization structure, selection of eight test vehicles (four 10 m length, four 8 m length) from four brands (a total of 32 test vehicles), selection of indicators and selection of routes. Data was collected from repeated drives by 65 drivers over an 8-week period. Indicators included power consumption, charging duration, failure duration and driving distance. It is concluded that the road test method designed and conducted by the Nanjing Bus Company provides a good framework for the selection of pure electric buses. Furthermore, subsequent experience with selected buses supports the validity and value of the model.

Impact of Residential and Public Charging Stations of Electric Vehicles on Distribution System by Stochastic Simulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 1092-1093 ◽  
pp. 375-380
Author(s):  
Suthida Ruayariyasub ◽  
Sompon Sirisumrannukul ◽  
Suksan Wangsatitwong
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Stochastic Approach ◽  
Local Distribution ◽  
Battery Charging ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates the impact of electric vehicles battery charging on the distribution system load if electric vehicles (EVs) are widespread used on roads. Stochastic approach based on a Monte Carlo method is developed in this study to simulate EVs charging load in two cases: 1) normal charge service at home, and 2) quick charge service at public charging stations. To demonstrate the model, a 22-kV distribution system of Pattaya City operated by Provincial Electricity Authority of Thailand (PEA) is employed in the case study. The results indicate the capability of the proposed model to exhibit the impact of EVs charging load on the local distribution system.

scholarly journals Fleet Transition from Combustion to Electric Vehicles: A Case Study in a Portuguese Business Campus

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1267
Author(s):  
Bruno Pinto ◽  
Filipe Barata ◽  
Constantino Soares ◽  
Carla Viveiros
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Electric Mobility ◽  
The Public ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
A Company ◽  
Local Stimulation ◽  
Electrical Installation

This paper aims to contribute to the urgent reflection as a society about environmental protection, in the ultimate challenge that is the sustainable use of energy resources. Since Portugal is at an early stage of market development internally, governmental and local stimulation policies play a central role and are a key element in the successful diffusion of Electric Mobility. The study will focus on the transition of a company car fleet, which currently consists of combustion vehicles, to electric vehicles. With this change it becomes necessary to understand how the electrical installation will be affected due to the installation of charging stations, allowing the company to have some autonomy from the public grid. The various changes resulting from the installation consumption profile will be studied and compared. The state of the art, the level of maturity and where the development of electric mobility in Portugal is heading will also be appreciated.

scholarly journals Demand contracting strategy for charging stations based on load forecasting

2020 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 03024
Author(s):  
Fang Chen ◽  
Liu Zeyu ◽  
Wang Haojing ◽  
Zhao Yi ◽  
Shi Shanshan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Analytic Solution ◽  
Load Forecasting ◽  
Stochastic Parameter ◽  
Forecasting Method ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
High Possibility ◽  
Demand Charge

Since the stochasticity of the charging of electric vehicles (EVs) may bring impact to the grid, there is a high possibility that the demand charge will be applied to charging stations. Therefore, a load-forecasting-based demand contracting strategy is proposed for charge stations in this paper. A stochastic optimization model is established by regarding the maximal demand as a stochastic parameter, and the object of the model is to minimize the expectation of demand charge, and the analytic solution is derived. To obtain the distribution of actual maximal demand, a Monte-Carlo-based charge load forecasting method is proposed. It gives the distribution of the daily maximal demand, based on which the distribution of monthly maximal demand is also derived. The case study illustrates the feasibility and the validity of the proposed strategy.

scholarly journals An Algorithm for Optimization of Recharging Stops: A Case Study of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations on Canadian’s Ontario Highway 401

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Stabile ◽  
Michela Longo ◽  
Wahiba Yaïci ◽  
Federica Foiadelli
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
The State ◽  
State Of Charge ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Fundamental Part ◽  
Charging Stations

Electric vehicles (EVs), which have become a fundamental part of the automotive industry, were developed as part of concerted worldwide efforts to reduce dependency on fossil fuels due to their devastating effects on the environment. The aim of this study was to analyse a complete trip using an EV from Toronto to Ottawa (Canada) along Ontario’s Highway 401, considering that use of conventional vehicles powered by petrol or diesel allow one to make this trip without stops; using EVs, it is necessary to recharge the vehicle. For this purpose, an algorithm was developed for optimizing recharging stops during a complete trip. In particular, the simulations analysed the number of stops and specifically where it is possible to recharge taking into account the actual charging stations (CSs) located along the trip and the time of recharge during the stops as a function of the state of charge (SoC) of the vehicle. Using this approach, it was possible to evaluate the suitable coverage of the CSs on the stretch considered as well as to assess the main parameters that influence performance on the route.

scholarly journals Analyzing the Fast-Charging Potential for Electric Vehicles with Local Photovoltaic Power Production in French Suburban Highway Network

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2428
Author(s):  
Abood Mourad ◽  
Martin Hennebel ◽  
Ahmed Amrani ◽  
Amira Ben Hamida
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Heavy Trucks ◽  
Fast Charging ◽  
Highway Network ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Ev Charging ◽  
Charging Demand

The need for deploying fast-charging stations for electric vehicles (EVs) is becoming essential in recent years. This need is justified by the increasing charging demand and supported by new charging technologies making EV chargers more efficient. In this paper, we provide a survey on EV fast-charging models and introduce a data-driven approach with an optimization model for deploying EV fast-chargers for both electric vehicles and heavy trucks traveling through a network of suburban highways. This deployment aims at satisfying EV charging demands while respecting the limits imposed by the electric grid. We also consider the availability of local photovoltaic (PV) farm and integrate its produced power to the proposed charging network. Finally, through a case study on Paris-Saclay area, we provide locations for EV charging stations and analyze the benefits of integrating PV power at different prices, production costs and charging capacities. The obtained results also suggest potential enhancements to the charging network in order to accommodate the increasing charging demand for EVs in the future.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Use of Renewable Energy Sources for the Charging Infrastructure of Electric Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 539-550
Author(s):  
A. D. Gorbunova ◽  
I. A. Anisimov
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Smart Charging ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
The City

Application of renewable energy sources is a relevant area of energy supply for urban infrastructure. In 2019, the share of energy produced by such sources reached 11% (for solar energy) and 22% (for wind energy) of the total energy produced during the year. However, these systems require an improvement in their efficiency that can be achieved by introducing electric vehicles. They can accumulate, store and transfer surplus energy to the city’s power grid. A solution to this problem is a smart charging infrastructure. The existing studies in the field of charging infrastructure organization for electric vehicles consider only models locating charging stations in the city or the calculation of their required number. These calculations are based on socio-economic factors and images of a potential owner of an electric vehicle. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop a methodology for determining the location of charging stations and their required number. The calculation will include the operating features of the existing charging infrastructure, which has not been done before. Thus, the purpose of this article is to research the operation of the existing charging infrastructure. This will provide an opportunity to develop approaches to the energy supply of charging infrastructure and city’s power grid from renewable energy sources. The article presents an analysis of data on the number of charging sessions during the year, month and day. This data enable us to construct curves of the charging session number and suggest ways to conduct the next stages of this study. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2020-01251 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of En Route Refuelling Behaviours of Conventional and Electric Vehicles in Beijing, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 3869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengxiang Zhuge ◽  
Chunfu Shao ◽  
Xia Li
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Waiting Times ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Electric Driving ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Beijing China

A comparative study is carried out to investigate the differences among conventional vehicles (CVs), battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) in the maximum acceptable time of diverting to a refuelling station, maximum acceptable time of queueing at a refuelling station, refuelling modes and desirable electric driving ranges, using Beijing, China, as a case study. Here, several multinomial logit (MNL) models are developed to relate the diverting and waiting times to individual attributes. The results suggest that, (1) the diverting time roughly follows a normal distribution for both CVs and electric vehicles (EVs), but the difference between them is slight; (2) EVs tend to bear longer waiting time above 10 min; (3) the MNL models indicate that income and the level of education tend to be more statistically significant to both the diverting and waiting times; (4) the most preferred driving ranges obtained for BEVs and PHEVs are both around 50 km, indicating that EV drivers may just prefer to charge for a specific time ranging from 8 to 10 min. Finally, ways to apply the empirical findings in planning refuelling and charging stations are discussed with specific examples.

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