Numerical modelling of 2003 summer forest fire impacts on air quality over Portugal

The radiative transfer module of an on-line chemical transport models requires input data from aerosol extinction efficiency, single scatter albedo and asymmetry factor, in order to predict the radiative state of the atmosphere. These aerosol optical properties (aerosol optical depth, AOD), may be integrated vertically for comparison to satellite observations. These optical effects may also influence the shorter wavelengths associated with atmospheric gas photolysis, influencing atmospheric reactivity. These processes may be harmonized in an on-line reaction transport model, such as Environment and Climate Change Canada&#8217;s GEM-MACH (GEM: Global Environmental Multi-scale &#8211; MACH: Modelling Air quality and Chemistry). Previous photolysis routine in the radiative transfer module, MESSY-JVAL (Modular Earth Sub-Model System), in GEM-MACH, made use of a climatology of aerosol optical properties, and the previous on-line version made use of a homogeneous mixture Mie code for meteorological radiative transfer calculations.We calculated a new lookup table for the extinction efficiency, absorption and scattering cross sections of each aerosol type. The new version of MESSY-JVAL uses GEM-MACH predicted aerosol size distributions, chemical composition and relative humidity in each vertical column at each time step as input, reads aerosol absorption and scattering cross section data from the new lookup table and calculates aerosol optical properties, that are then used to modify both photolysis and meteorological radiative transfer calculations.In order to evaluate these modifications to the model, we performed a series of simulations with GEM-MACH with wildfire emissions inputs from the Canadian Forest Fire Emissions Prediction System (CFFEPS) and compared the model AOD output with satellite and AERONET (Aerosol Robotic Network) measurement data. Comparison of the hourly AERONET and monthly-averaged satellite AOD demonstrates major improvements in the revised model AOD predictions. The impact of the updated photolysis rates and meteorological radiative transfer calculations on predictions of oxidant mixing ratios and rates of pollutant oxidation (nitrogen dioxide conversion to nitric acid) will be assessed both within and below the forest fire plume.

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Assessing boreal forest fire smoke aerosol impacts on U.S. air quality: A case study using multiple data sets

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres ◽

10.1029/2011jd016170 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 116 (D22) ◽

pp. n/a-n/a ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

David J. Miller ◽

Kang Sun ◽

Mark A. Zondlo ◽

David Kanter ◽

Oleg Dubovik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Boreal Forest ◽

Forest Fire ◽

Data Sets ◽

Smoke Aerosol ◽

Multiple Data ◽

Fire Smoke ◽

Multiple Data Sets

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Bencana Kabut Asap Akibat Kebakaran Hutan Dan Lahan Serta Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kualitas Udara Di Provinsi Riau Februari – Maret 2014

Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia ◽

10.29122/jsti.v16i3.3417 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Erwin Mulyana

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Forest Fire ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Index Data

Analysis of land and forest fire has been conducted in relation with smoke haze disaster in Riau province during February and March 2014. Daily hotspot data from NOAA 18 and daily ISPU (Standard Air Pollutant Index) data of the ministry of environment are used in this study. Air quality has been categorized as dangerous for several days with ISPU exceeding 500. The number of hotspot indicating the forest fire reaches 2543, with 1319 hotspots detected in February 2014 and 1224 hotspots in March 2014. The highest number of hotspot is occurred on February 11 with 243 hotspots, while 171 hotspots are detected on March 27.The hotspot distribution is concentrated in Bengkalis with the number of 650 which is 25.6% of total hotspots in Riau Province, followed by Pelalawan with 350 hotspots (13.8%), Siak with 311 hotspots (12.2%), Indragiri Hilir with 309 hotspots (12.2%), Rokan Hilir with 286 hotspots (11.2%), Meranti with 232 hotspots (9.1%), and Dumai with 220 hotspots (8.7%).Telah dilakukan analisis kebakaran hutan dan lahan terhadap bencana kabut asap di Provinsi Riau pada bulan Februari dan Maret 2014. Data harian hotspot dari NOAA 18 dan data harian ISPU dari Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Kualitas udara dalam beberapa hari sempat masuk kategori Berbahaya dengan nilai ISPU >500. Jumlah hotspot yang menunjukkan adanya kebakaran hutan dan lahan mencapai 2.543 titik Bulan Februari 2014 terdapat 1.319 titik hotspot sedangkan bulan Maret 2014 terdapat 1.224 titik hotspot. Jumlah hotspot terbanyak pada bulan Februari 2014 terjadi pada tanggal 11 Februari (243 titik) sedangkan pada bulan Maret 2014 terjadi pada tanggal 27 Maret (171 titik). Sebaran titik panas terkonsentrasi di Kabupaten Bengkalis sebanyak 650 titik atau 25,6 % dari total hotspot yang ada di Provinsi Riau. Jumlah terbanyak berikutnya adalah Kabupaten Pelalawan 350 titik (13,8 %), Kabupaten Siak 311 titik (12,2 %), Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir 309 titik (12,2 %), Kabupaten Rokan Hilir 286 titik (11,2 %), Kabupaten Meranti 232 titik (9,1 %), dan Dumai 220 titik (8,7 %).Keywords: Smoke haze, air quality, hotspot, land and forest fire.

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Verifiable emission reductions in European urban areas with air-quality models

Faraday Discussions ◽

10.1039/c5fd00189g ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 189 ◽

pp. 617-633

Author(s):

A. N. Skouloudis ◽

D. G. Rickerby

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Numerical Modelling ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Local Population ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Population Exposure ◽

Toxic Substances ◽

Emission Reductions ◽

New Approach ◽

Emission Limits

The first and second AutoOil programmes were conducted since 1992 as a partnership between the European Commission and the automobile and oil industries. These have introduced emission reductions in Europe based on numerical modelling for a target year. They aimed to identify the most cost-effective way to meet desired future air quality over the whole European Union. In their time, these regulatory efforts were considered an important step towards a new approach for establishing European emission limits. With this work, we review the effectiveness of forecasts carried out with numerical modelling and compare these with the actual measurements at the target year, which was the year 2010. Based on these comparisons and new technological innovations these methodologies can incorporate new sectorial assessments for improving the accuracy of the modelling forecasts and for examining the representativeness of emissions reductions, as well as for the simultaneous assessment of population exposure to cocktails of toxic substances under realistic climatological conditions. We also examined at the ten AutoOil domains the geographical generalisation of the forecasts for CO and NO2 at 1065 European urban areas on the basis of their population and the local population density.

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Forest Fire Effects on Air Quality in Ontario: Evaluation of Several Recent Examples

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society ◽

10.1175/bams-d-11-00202.1 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 94 (7) ◽

pp. 1059-1064 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Frank Dempsey

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Forest Fire ◽

Ground Level ◽

Fire Effects ◽

Transport Mechanisms ◽

Wildfire Smoke ◽

Smoke Plumes ◽

Fire Smoke ◽

Degree Of Confidence ◽

High Degree

Several events were studied to examine the sources of smoke and pollutants that may affect air quality in Ontario as well as the transport mechanisms that result in effects on ground-level air quality. The selected events were strongly suspected of being influenced by forest fire smoke plumes and the evaluation of the events in this study confirmed (to a high degree of confidence) that smoke made a contribution to the measured pollutants. The main satellite-based remote-sensing product that correlated well with wildfire smoke plumes was carbon monoxide column amount.

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Forest fire policy: change conventional thinking of smoke management to prioritize long-term air quality and public health

Air Quality Atmosphere & Health ◽

10.1007/s11869-016-0405-4 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 33-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

D. W. Schweizer ◽

R. Cisneros

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Air Quality ◽

Policy Change ◽

Forest Fire ◽

Fire Policy ◽

Smoke Management

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A new predictive framework for Amazon forest fire smoke dispersion over South America

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society ◽

10.1175/bams-d-21-0018.1 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-43

Author(s):

Angel Liduvino Vara-Vela ◽

Dirceu Luís Herdies ◽

Débora Souza Alvim ◽

Éder Paulo Vendrasco ◽

Silvio Nilo Figueroa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

South America ◽

Forest Fire ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Chemical Species ◽

Horizontal Resolution ◽

Amazon Forest ◽

Fire Event ◽

Fire Smoke ◽

Smoke Dispersion

AbstractAerosol particles from forest fire events in the Amazon can be effectively transported to urban areas in southeastern South America, thus affecting the air quality over those regions. A combination of observational data and a comprehensive air quality modeling system capable of anticipating acute air pollution episodes is therefore required. A new predictive framework for Amazon forest fire smoke dispersion over South America has been developed based on the Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry community (WRF-Chem) model. Two experiments of 48-hour simulations over South America were performed by using this system at 20 km horizontal resolution, on a daily basis, during August and September of 2018 and 2019. The experiment in 2019 included the very strong 3-week forest fire event, when the São Paulo Metropolitan Area, located in southeastern South America, was plunged into darkness on August 19. The model results were satisfactorily compared against satellite-based data products and in situ measurements collected from air quality monitoring sites. The system is executed daily immediately after the CPTEC Satellite Division releases the latest active fire locations data and provides 48-hour forecasts of regional distributions of chemical species such as CO, PM2.5 and O3. The new modeling system will be used as a benchmark within the framework of the Chemistry of the Atmosphere - Field Experiment in Brazil (CAFE-Brazil) project, which will take place in 2022 over the Amazon.

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