scholarly journals Using Immunocytochemistry and Fluorescence Microscopy Imaging to Explore the Mechanism of Action of Anti-Cancer Drugs on the Cell Cycle

CourseSource ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison R. D'Costa ◽  
David W. Barnes ◽  
Alessandra Barrera ◽  
Jennifer Hurst-Kennedy ◽  
Latanya Hammonds-Odie
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Microscopy Imaging ◽  
Anti Cancer

Stereoselective PT complexes as probes of the mechanism of action of Pt anti-cancer drugs

1995 ◽  
Vol 59 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
T.W. Hambley ◽  
G.W. Allen ◽  
R.R. Fenton ◽  
E.C.H. Ling ◽  
H.M. Er ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Anti Cancer

Mapping Binding Sites of Potential Anti-Cancer Drugs on Tubulin

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (S2) ◽  
pp. 236-237
Author(s):  
Huilin Li ◽  
Eva Nogales ◽  
Kenneth H. Downing
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Microtubule Dynamics ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Substantial Fraction ◽  
Dynamic Activity ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Main Protein ◽  
Induction Of Apoptosis

Microtubules are involved in many activities within the cell that require highly dynamic activity. For examples, microtubules can grow and shrink as they explore the cell, and the entire microtubule cytoskeleton is restructured as cells prepare for division. Interfering with microtubule dynamics can have serious consequences for the health of the cell, especially in cells that are rapidly dividing. The result of disrupting the normal dynamics is generally an interruption of the cell cycle and consequent induction of apoptosis. This behavior has been exploited with a number of anti-cancer drugs that target tubulin, the main protein in microtubules. Drugs are currently in use that either stabilize or destabilize microtubules. Among the most widely used is Taxol, one of the microtubule stabilizing drugs. Because Taxol produces a range of serious side effects and a substantial fraction of patients treated with Taxol eventually develop resistance to the drug, there is an active search for other drugs that might be more selective and less prone to resistance.

Potential Therapeutic Applications of C-Phycocyanin

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 967-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saira M. Bannu ◽  
Dakshayani Lomada ◽  
Surendra Gulla ◽  
Thummala Chandrasekhar ◽  
Pallu Reddanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Therapeutic Applications ◽  
Anti Cancer

Background: Cancer and other disorders such as inflammation, autoimmune diseases and diabetes are the major health problems observed all over the world. Therefore, identifying a therapeutic target molecule for the treatment of these diseases is urgently needed to benefit public health. C-Phycocyanin (C-PC) is an important light yielding pigment intermittently systematized in the cyanobacterial species along with other algal species. It has numerous applications in the field of biotechnology and drug industry and also possesses antioxidant, anticancer, antiinflammatory, enhanced immune function, including liver and kidney protection properties. The molecular mechanism of action of C-PC for its anticancer activity could be the blockage of cell cycle progression, inducing apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells. Objectives: The current review summarizes an update on therapeutic applications of C-PC, its mechanism of action and mainly focuses on the recent development in the field of C-PC as a drug that exhibits beneficial effects against various human diseases including cancer and inflammation. Conclusion: he data from various studies suggest the therapeutic applications of C-PC such as anti-cancer activity, anti-inflammation, anti-angiogenic activity and healing capacity of certain autoimmune disorders. Mechanism of action of C-PC for its anticancer activity is the blockage of cell cycle progression, inducing apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells. The future perspective of C-PC is to identify and define the molecular mechanism of its anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, which would shed light on our knowledge on therapeutic applications of C-PC and may contribute significant benefits to global public health.

scholarly journals Localization of centromere proteins and their association with chromosomes and microtubules during meiotic maturation in pig oocytes

Reproduction ◽  
2003 ◽  
pp. 731-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Ma ◽  
Y Hou ◽  
QY Sun ◽  
XF Sun ◽  
WH Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Germinal Vesicle ◽  
Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Chromosome Movement ◽  
Spindle Formation ◽  
Centromere Proteins ◽  
Confocal Fluorescence

Centromere proteins (CENPs) are required for the attachment of microtubules to chromosomes. However, their structure and mechanism of action are not well understood, especially in mammalian meiosis. The present study was conducted to examine (i). whether a human nuclear centromere autoantibody can be used to localize the CENPs in pig oocytes and (ii). the dynamics of CENPs and their association with microtubules and chromosomes during meiosis in pigs. Oocytes at various stages were double-labelled for CENPs, chromosomes or microtubules and examined by confocal fluorescence microscopy. Quantification of tubulin and CENPs in the oocytes was determined by immunoblotting. CENPs were detected in all oocytes from germinal vesicle (GV) to metaphase II (MII) stages. The changes in the location were associated with chromosome movement and spindle formation. Tubulin was detected in the oocytes from GV to MII stages and no differences in content were observed. Two major CENPs at 80 kDa (CENP-B) and 50 kDa (CENP-D) were also found in the oocytes by the autoantibody and its content was significantly lower in the oocytes at GV stage compared with oocytes at other stages. These results indicate that the autoantibody used in this study can be used to detect CENPs in the kinetochores, and the proteins are expressed in pig oocytes at all stages during meiosis. As the localization of CENPs is associated with spindle formation and chromosome movement, CENPs may participate in cell cycle changes during meiosis in mammals.

Mechanism of Action of Anti-Cancer Drugs

1980 ◽  
pp. 49-78
Author(s):  
Kenneth C. Calman ◽  
John F. Smyth ◽  
Martin H. N. Tattersall
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Anti Cancer

scholarly journals Heart Slice Culture System Reliably Demonstrates Clinical Drug-Related Cardiotoxicity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica M. Miller ◽  
Moustafa H. Meki ◽  
Qinghui Ou ◽  
Sharon A. George ◽  
Anna Gams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Slice Culture ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Culture Models

AbstractThe limited availability of human heart tissue and its complex cell composition are major limiting factors for reliable testing drug efficacy, toxicity and understanding mechanism. Recently, we developed a functional human and pig heart slice biomimetic culture system that fully preserves the viability and functionality of 300 µm heart slices for 6 days. Here, we tested the reliability of this culture system in delineating the mechanisms of known anti-cancer drugs that cause cardiomyopathy. We tested three anti-cancer drugs (doxorubicin, trastuzumab, and sunitinib) associated with different mechanisms leading to cardiotoxicity at three concentrations and assessed the effect of these drugs on heart slice viability, structure, function and transcriptome. Slices incubated with any of these drugs for 48 h showed significant loss in viability, cardiomyocyte structure and functionality. Mechanistically, RNA sequencing demonstrated a significant downregulation of cardiac genes and upregulation of oxidative response in doxorubicin-treated tissues. Trastuzumab treatment caused major downregulation in cardiac muscle contraction-related genes, consistent with its clinically known direct effect on cardiomyocytes. Interestingly, sunitinib treatment resulted in significant downregulation of angiogenesis-related genes in line with its mechanism of action. Heart slices are not only able to demonstrate the expected toxicity of doxorubicin and trastuzumab similar to hiPS-derived-cardiomyocytes; they are superior in detecting sunitinib cardiotoxicity phenotypes and mechanism in the clinically relevant concentration range, 100 nM – 1 µM. These results indicate that heart slice tissue culture models have the potential to become a reliable platform for testing drug toxicity and mechanism of action.

Novel mononuclear ruthenium(ii) complexes as potent and low-toxicity antitumour agents: synthesis, characterization, biological evaluation and mechanism of action

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (36) ◽  
pp. 29963-29976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengchao Hu ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Hui Song ◽  
Fangfang Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Antitumour Agents ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Antitumour Agent ◽  
Low Toxicity

The ruthenium(ii) complex, [Ru(dmb)2(salH)]PF6(Ru-2), is considered a potential antitumour agent that could avoid the side-effects of platinum-based anti-cancer drugs, such as cisplatin, carboplatin or oxaliplatin.

Chalcones Derivatives Acting as Cell Cycle Blockers: Potential Anti Cancer Drugs?

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boumendjel Ahcene ◽  
Ronot Xavier ◽  
Boutonnat Jean ◽  
Ahcene Boumendjel ◽  
Xavier Ronot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Anti Cancer

scholarly journals In Vivo Analysis of Drosophila Deoxyribonucleoside Kinase Function in Cell Cycle, Cell Survival and Anti-Cancer Drugs Resistance

Cell Cycle ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 740-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Legent ◽  
Magali Mas ◽  
Annie Dutriaux ◽  
Solange Bertrandy ◽  
Domenico Flagiello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
In Vivo Analysis

A Case of Malignant Melanoma Treated with a Combination of Anti-Cancer Drugs and Biological Response Modifiers.

1993 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
Jun YOSHIDA ◽  
Juichiro NAKAYAMA ◽  
Nobuyuki SHIMIZU ◽  
Shonosuke NAGAE ◽  
Yoshiaki HORI
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Biological Response Modifiers ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Anti Cancer
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