scholarly journals The Normalization of the Muslim Brotherhood’s Religious Discourse in Egypt: A Comparative Perspective Before and After 2011

Islamology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Sara Tonsy
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Religious Discourse ◽  
Symbolic Power ◽  
Arab Region ◽  
Arab Uprisings ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Muslim Brotherhood

The Muslim Brotherhood (MB) in Egypt has been known for being one of the most resilient Islamist organizations worldwide during most of the twentieth century, and until 2013. The Arab uprisings that swept over the Arab region resulted in the resurrection of the MB’s discourse changed drastically over the period of the organization’s existence and even further during the few years from 2011 until today. How did the discourse established by the MB develop and transform towards becoming a normalized version of Islam in Egypt? How could this be traced in the recent events the MB witnessed in Egypt, starting in 2011? Applying P. Bourdieu’s concept of symbolic power and O. Roy’s idea about post-Islamism this article will address these questions using field work and relevant literature.

scholarly journals A commitment to politics: the trajectory of the Muslim Brotherhood during Egypt's 2011–13 political opening

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Wilmot
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Transition ◽  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
Democratic Governance ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
Arab Uprisings ◽  
The Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
The Military ◽  
Islamist Movement ◽  
Rare Opportunity

Prior to the 2011 Arab uprisings, Islamist parties in most Arab states had been systematically prevented from exercising any meaningful authority in government. Following President Hosni Mubarak's ousting from power in 2011, the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood (MB) established a political party – the Freedom and Justice Party (FJP) – and formally entered mainstream politics, providing a rare opportunity to examine the role of an Islamist party in the context of democratic transition. Contrary to concerns that the MB might use Egypt's political opening to install an undemocratic regime, the movement instead committed itself to electoral politics and consistently adhered to the framework for political transition. An analysis of the MB's political trajectory during the 2011–13 timeframe reveals that the movement endeavoured to protect Egypt's democratic transition against the encroachment of the military and the judiciary. Despite the FJP's efforts, sustained interference by non-elected institutions brought Egypt's democratic experiment to a premature end. This course of events confirms that an Islamist movement is capable of fully committing to politics, but also indicates that political commitment alone is insufficient to ensure a successful transition to democratic governance.

scholarly journals Turkey’s Volte-Face Politics: Understanding the AKP’s Securitization Policy toward the Syrian Conflict

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Aghaie Joobani ◽  
Umut Can Adısönmez
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
Security Architecture ◽  
Arab Uprisings ◽  
The Us ◽  
Securitization Theory ◽  
The Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
Military Engagement ◽  
Syrian Conflict

Throughout its Republican history, Turkey has attempted to formulate a “non-interventionist” foreign policy toward its neighbouring countries. Since the onset of the Arab Uprisings, however, the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP) has abjured the traditional policy of “non-military engagement”, adopting instead an assertive and security-oriented foreign policy that has paved the way for the securitization of the Syrian conflict in terms of its Kurdish component and of wider geopolitical aspects. This article aims to explore why and in what ways this abrupt shift toward securitization has occurred while discussing its broader implications on Turkish domestic politics as well. Using the Copenhagen School’s securitization theory, the article will unpack and analyse the internal and external dimensions of threat construction and otherization processes underlying Ankara’s securitization policy toward Syria to make the case for the obsolescence of Turkey’s traditional non-interventionist policy, which, we argue, results from an ontological insecurity approach toward the Syrian conflict. The article finds that Turkey’s securitization policy (i.e. interventionist approach) was chiefly driven by the fear of Kurdish autonomy and the growing Russo-Assad-Iranian alliance in Syria; and by the grand ambition of bringing the Muslim Brotherhood into power in Syria and consolidating Turkey’s agential importance in Western security architecture under the aegis of the US.  

The Development and Fragmentation of Kuwait's al-Jama'a al-Salafiyya: Purity over Pragmatism

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-29
Author(s):  
Zoltan Pall
Keyword(s):  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
Disciplinary Practices ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Arab Uprisings ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
The Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
Organizational Dysfunction

This article argues that the pragmatism displayed by Salafi politicians after the 2011 Arab uprisings might not apply to the larger networks of the movement. Such pragmatism contributed to organizational dysfunction in Kuwait's largest Salafi group, al-Jama'a al-Salafiyya. The ideological foundations of the group stood at odds with its extensive institutional structures, impeding it from functioning effectively. To explain this, the article draws on a comparison with the Muslim Brotherhood in Kuwait, whose ideology and disciplinary practices facilitated the establishment of tight-knit, highly efficient organizations.

10. Middle East Security: Conflict and Securitization of Identities

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Calculli ◽  
Matteo Legrenzi
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Arab Spring ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
Arab Uprisings ◽  
Strategic Competition ◽  
The Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
External Actors ◽  
The Arab Spring ◽  
The Impact

This chapter examines the Middle East’s security dilemmas by reconsidering the balance of power and threats in light of the Arab Spring. Although external actors are still important, as is regime security, in this balance, an important feature of the current scene is the ‘securitization of identities’ whereby rival regimes mobilize different identities to preserve and consolidate their positions against the destabilizing effects of change. The chapter also explores the emergence of a region-based rivalry between monarchies and republics and how they were affected by the Arab uprisings; the strategic competition between Sunni and Shia Islam; and the impact of the ‘Shia crescent’ from 2003 to the aftermath of the 2011 uprisings. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the ways that competition among rival Sunni regimes in the aftermath of the 2011 uprisings has been ideologically shaped in terms of support for/opposition to the Muslim Brotherhood.

scholarly journals «The Muslim Brotherhood» and prospects of the political process in contemporary Egypt

2013 ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
M. Z. Razhbadinov
Keyword(s):  
Political Process ◽  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
Arab Region ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Future Situation ◽  
The Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
The Relationship

The article focuses on the role of the moderate islamists movement «The Muslim Brotherhood» in current political situation in Egypt. «The Muslim Brotherhood» is the most organized and powerful force in contemporary Egypt. The author deals with ideology and strategy of the movement, the relationship with other political forces, internal differences and opportunities in power. He concludes that the «Cairo effect» caused long overdue tectonic shift in the Arab region. Egypt has begun its move to build up a democratic state but with their own specifics. The future situation in the country will depend on the relationship «The Muslim Brotherhood» with the army and political secular powers. The country has just started to move in the way that Turkey did a few decades ago

scholarly journals Naǧīb al-Kīlānī and the Islamic Storyteller

Arabica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 706-741
Author(s):  
Samira al-Khawaldeh
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
Unique Position ◽  
Power Centers ◽  
The Muslim Brotherhood

Abstract Naǧīb al-Kīlānī is an Egyptian novelist and theorist whose work acquires more importance by virtue of its unique position as a literary manifestation of the thought and worldview of the Society of the Muslim Brotherhood. To embark on such a writing career in Egypt at mid-twentieth century meant first the antagonisation of certain power centers, leading to political jail, and ultimate diaspora; and second addressing the task of transforming the rudimentary conjecturing about an Islamic theory of art into a somewhat systematic form of theorization. The study thus aims to investigate al-Kīlānī’s contribution to the foundation of a theory of Islamic novel, focusing on his approach to the dilemmas and ambiguities surrounding the role of the modern Islamic novelist such as maintaining the intricate balance between the demands of religion and the freedom of art.

Boycotting Neo-Ottoman Cool

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-165
Author(s):  
Marwan M. Kraidy
Keyword(s):  
Arab World ◽  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Media Industry ◽  
Media Relations ◽  
Arab Uprisings ◽  
Justice And Development Party ◽  
Turkish Government ◽  
The Muslim Brotherhood

Abstract In the 2000s, Turkish-Arab relations warmed up, and the rising popularity of Turkish television dramas in the Arab world was part of an overall ‘zero-problem with neighbors’ realignment initiated by Turkey’s ruling Justice and Development party (AKP). However, Turkey’s involvement in the Arab uprisings complicated this rapprochement. The Turkish government, given their doctrinal proximity, supported the Muslim Brotherhood governments that were elected in Tunisia and Egypt, and then entered the fray of the Syrian uprising against the regime of Bashar al-Assad. After the Egyptian military deposed the elected president and Muslim Brotherhood leader Muhammad Morsi in a June 2013 coup, Egypt-Turkish relations deteriorated, as manifest in the Egyptian media industry boycott of Turkish television dramas. In this paper, by examining Arabic-language, mostly Egyptian primary sources, I analyze the geopolitical, economic and media dimensions of the Egyptian boycott of Turkish productions from Egypt’s perspective, and cast a new light on state-media relations in the Arab world and the interaction between media industries and shifting geopolitics.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Frederic Wehrey ◽  
Anouar Boukhars
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
Al Qaeda ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Political Space ◽  
Arab Uprisings ◽  
The Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
Dramatic Shift ◽  
Scholarly Attention ◽  
Varying Population

The countries of the Maghreb—Mauritania, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya—have witnessed a broad spectrum of transformations and challenges since the Arab uprisings of 2011. Among these has been a dramatic shift in state-society relations; economic challenges; fragmentation, mobilization, and contestation from varying population segments; and an opening of social and political space to Islamists. While much scholarly attention has been focused on Islamists linked to the Muslim Brotherhood and to jihadists like al-Qaeda and the Islamic State, the broader movement of the literalist and austere variant of Islam known as Salafism remains understudied. This volume aims to correct this gap by situating Salafism, in all of its expressions, within the national contexts of the Maghreb.

The Attempt to Strengthen the Qatar- Turkish Positions in Egypt Through the “Muslim Brotherhood”

2018 ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Тimur Khairullin
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Arab Spring ◽  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
The Political ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Arab Region ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
The Arab Spring

A new force appeared in the face of the Qatar-Turkish Alliance during the events of the Arab spring on the political map of the Arab region. Using the pan-Arab network of the Muslim Brotherhood Association, as well as their ideology of moderate Islamism, the Qatar-Turkish Alliance temporarily managed to significantly strengthen its positions in Egypt. Proof of this is the coming to power in Egypt in 2012 of Muslim Brotherhood, which enjoyed financial and diplomatic assistance from Qatar and Turkey. However, a year later the rule of the Muslim Brotherhood was overthrown as a result of a successful counter-action by Saudi Arabia, which relied on the Egyptian military force and a number of Islamist groups of Salafi confession.

Muslim Brotherhood will survive the Middle East crisis

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
Political Reform ◽  
International Terrorism ◽  
Reform Movement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Arab Uprisings ◽  
Parliamentary Systems ◽  
The Muslim Brotherhood

Subject Mapping the Muslim Brotherhood. Significance Doha’s support, whether tacit or active, for Islamist groups in the Middle East, particularly the Muslim Brotherhood, alienated it from some Arab neighbours. The recent boycott by Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Egypt is party driven by their own problems with local Brotherhood affiliates that were linked to the broader political reform movement during the 2011 Arab uprisings. Impacts Brotherhood affiliates will be significant military players in conflict-torn Iraq, Libya, Syria, and Yemen. In parliamentary systems, cooperation with secular opposition will be increasingly important to countering international terrorism charges. The Muslim Brotherhood’s transnational links will become more personal and less institutional.

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