scholarly journals AKTIVITAS PEMANFAATAN GUA DAN CERUK DI NAGARI SITUMBUK, TANAH DATAR - SUMATERA BARAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Nenggih Susilowati
Keyword(s):  
Human Activities ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Inductive Reasoning ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Rock Shelters

Nagari Situmbuk, Salimpaung Subdistrict, Tanah Datar District, West Sumatra Province has naturally interesting caves and rock shelters, and their existence is also related to past and present human activities. The caves and rock shelters in the Situmbuk area are partly related to human activities that use them as temporary dwellings.Its existence is also related to human activities that utilize the surrounding environment as rice fields, plantations and tropical forests. The problem raised is how is the form of human activity related to the use of caves and rock shelters in Nagari Situmbuk in the past? Why is there a difference in the use of caves and rock shelters there? The method used in this research is qualitative using inductive reasoning flow by observing the unit and its context. The caves and rock shelters which have indications of being used by people with different cultures are Ngalau Guong, Ngalau Tompok Syohiah I, and Ngalau Muaro. The use of Ngalau Guong is related to hunting life and simple farming so that it still utilizes caves / rock shelters there as temporary dwellings. Ngalau Tompok Syohiah I is related to the development of Pre-Islamic culture (megalithic tradition which is marked by the presence of menhirs and pseudo graves), Islam, until now which is implied through symbols on the walls of the cave. The tradition that takes place in the cave is also related to agricultural activities that have been carried out intensely. Then Ngalau Muaro, this relates to plantation activities that took place around the 18th century to the 19th.

Spatiotemporal Changes of Riverbed and Surrounding Environment in Yongding River (Beijing section) in the Past 40 Years

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 40407-1-40407-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Pang ◽  
He Huang ◽  
Tri Dev Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Cropland Area ◽  
The Past ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Spatiotemporal Changes ◽  
Yongding River

Abstract Yongding River is one of the five major river systems in Beijing. It is located to the west of Beijing. It has influenced culture along its basin. The river supports both rural and urban areas. Furthermore, it influences economic development, water conservation, and the natural environment. However, during the past few decades, due to the combined effect of increasing population and economic activities, a series of changes have led to problems such as the reduction in water volume and the exposure of the riverbed. In this study, remote sensing images were used to derive land cover maps and compare spatiotemporal changes during the past 40 years. As a result, the following data were found: forest changed least; cropland area increased to a large extent; bareland area was reduced by a maximum of 63%; surface water area in the study area was lower from 1989 to 1999 because of the excessive use of water in human activities, but it increased by 92% from 2010 to 2018 as awareness about protecting the environment arose; there was a small increase in the built-up area, but this was more planned. These results reveal that water conservancy construction, agroforestry activities, and increasing urbanization have a great impact on the surrounding environment of the Yongding River (Beijing section). This study discusses in detail how the current situation can be attributed to of human activities, policies, economic development, and ecological conservation Furthermore, it suggests improvement by strengthening the governance of the riverbed and the riverside. These results and discussion can be a reference and provide decision support for the management of southwest Beijing or similar river basins in peri-urban areas.

scholarly journals Simbol Pertanian dalam Budaya Masyarakat Karo

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Nenggih Susilowati
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Inductive Reasoning ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Culture Material ◽  
Culture Heritage ◽  
Islam And Christianity ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Fertile Area

AbstractThe Tanah Karo's natural lanscape has been known such a fertile area with a climate that is perfect for agricultural activities. The ancient Karo people used to live the old way known as the megalith culture or tradition that is always related to ancestral and animism beliefs. When Islam and Christianity started to influx and flourish, the old beiefs gradually vanished. The material culture heritage, however, shows varous influences from the past. The old well-rooted concept and element that used to live in the society has left such a strong legacy to some aspects of the culture material and tradition in the present day, especially the buiding or the symbolic ornament and the traditional building element. The agricultural life in the past can be traced back through the symbols available, which then will become proposed questions in search for answers. This paper appliesmexplorative-descriptive method with inductive reasoning. The ornaments, building materials and elements available are proofs of agricultural activities in the forms of farming. The fertile soil and conducive climate provide a perfect back up to the farming. The traditional buildings for the ancestors' skulls at Tanah Karo settlements are the perfect examples of the ancient megalith.AbstrakAlam lingkungan Tanah Karo sejak dahulu memang merupakan area yang subur dengan iklim yang menunjang kegiatan pertanian. Masyarakat Karo dahulu masih menganut kepercayaan lama yang dikenal di Nusantara sebagai budaya atau tradisi megalitik yang sering dikaitkan dengan kepercayaan yang berkaitan dengan leluhur dan animisme. Seiring dengan masuknya agama Islam dan Kristen, kepercayaan ini berangsur hilang. Namun melalui budaya material yang ditinggalkan masih menunjukkan adanya pengaruh kepercayaan lama. Konsep maupun unsur budaya yang pernah ada dan mengakar pada masyarakatnya, menyebabkan sebagian bentuk budaya material maupun tradisinya masih menampakkan hubungan dengan budaya masa lalunya. Terutama berkaitan dengan bangunan atau simbol-simbol yang tercermin dalam ornamen dan elemen bangunan adatnya. Bagaimana kondisi pertanian masa lalu dilacak melalui simbol-simbol yang ada menjadi permasalahan yang ingin diungkapkan kejelasannya. Penulisan menggunakan metode eksploratif-deskriptif menggunakan alur penalaran induktif. Melalui berbagai ornamen, bahan bangunan serta elemen bangunannya menjadi petunjuk adanya kegiatan pertanian berupa persawahan dan perladangan. Hal ini didukung oleh tanah yang subur serta iklim yang menunjang kegiatan itu. Perkampungan di Tanah Karo juga masih menggambarkan adanya tradisi megalitik di masa lalu, dengan keberadaan bangunan adat sebagai tempat menyimpan tengkorak dan tulang belulang leluhur /geriten.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF MASSING AND SPACE CONFIGURATION ON THE SANG CIPTA RASA GREAT MOSQUE CIREBON AND THE KAUMAN GEDHE MOSQUE YOGYAKARTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-65
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rifki Meidianto ; Indri Astrina
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Layout ◽  
Religious Activity ◽  
Cultural Activity ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
Religious Rituals ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Descriptive Method

Abstract- The spread of Islam in Indonesia left cultural diversity due to acculturation, especially on Java. Among them are rituals or activities of ancient Javanese that are adapted and combined with Islamic culture. The local cultural activities or religious rituals certainly require space. A mosque is also a place for these activities with spaces in it that support their activities. These activities certainly influenced the spatial and massing configuration of mosques. Cirebon and Yogyakarta, which are the two Islamic kingdoms or Sultanates in Java, at that time certainly had the main mosque as a means of worship and a means of spreading religion, the mosque was the Sang Cipta Rasa Great Mosque in Cirebon and the Kauman Great Mosque in Yogyakarta. The two mosques have different locations, it’s interesting to study because of course, these two regions have different cultures. The purpose of the study was to look for differences and similarities in spatial and mass based on the activities of the Sang Cipta Rasa Great Mosque and the Kauman Gedhe Mosque. The research uses the descriptive method with a qualitative approach by describing the spatial and mass conditions of the two mosques and comparing them with spatial and mass theory based on their activities to find out the differences. The data of the two mosques were collected by means of field observations and literature studies. Data are grouped into two parts, namely the arrangement of the masses in the scope of the surrounding environment, and the layout and mass in the scope of the site of the two mosques. Analysis of activities and culture in both mosques is associated with spatial and mass theories, and also their space needs which then compares the spatial layout and mass of the two mosques. Through this study it was found that there are differences in the mass of the two mosques where the Sang Cipta Rasa Great Mosque located on the coast has an orientation towards the Qibla according to Islamic teachings and the Kauman Great Mosque in the Javanese interior oriented towards the sunset or west following the concept of cosmology Java used by the palace. In addition, Yogyakarta's local cultural rituals are carried out in the Gedhe Kauman Mosque complex which affects the mass management while in Cirebon, local cultural rituals are carried out in the Kasepuhan Palace complex or the square. There is no significant difference in the spatial layout of the needs of Islamic ritual activities, but only at the Gedhe Kauman Mosque, there are clear restrictions between prayer rooms and purification in men and women where there is a western or prayer room in the mosque and the space is not at the Sang Cipta Rasa Great Mosque. Key Words: Islam, religious activity, cultural activity, mosque, architecture, space ordering, massing configuration.

Understanding the Communication Needs of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students Who Are Deafblind

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Sandy K. Bowen ◽  
Silvia M. Correa-Torres
Keyword(s):  
Sign Language ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Culturally And Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Linguistically Diverse Students ◽  
The Past ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
Different Cultures

America's population is more diverse than ever before. The prevalence of students who are culturally and/or linguistically diverse (CLD) has been steadily increasing over the past decade. The changes in America's demographics require teachers who provide services to students with deafblindness to have an increased awareness of different cultures and diversity in today's classrooms, particularly regarding communication choices. Children who are deafblind may use spoken language with appropriate amplification, sign language or modified sign language, and/or some form of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC).

EPITAFIES OF THE RELATIVES OF HADJI IBRAHIM AL-URADI AS A SOURCE ON THE BIOGRAPHY OF THE SCIENTIST AND ON THE HISTORY OF GIDATL

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Sh M Khapizov ◽  
M G Shekhmagomedov
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Medieval History ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
The Past ◽  
Arabic Script ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Culture ◽  
The Look ◽  
Cultural Monuments ◽  
Written Sources

The article is devoted to the study of inscriptions on the gravestones of Haji Ibrahim al-Uradi, his father, brothers and other relatives. The information revealed during the translation of these inscriptions allows one to date important events from the history of Highland Dagestan. Also we can reconsider the look at some important events from the past of Hidatl. Epitaphs are interesting in and of themselves, as historical and cultural monuments that needed to be studied and attributed. Research of epigraphy data monuments clarifies periodization medieval epitaphs mountain Dagestan using record templates and features of the Arabic script. We see the study of medieval epigraphy as one of the important tasks of contemporary Caucasian studies facing Dagestani researchers. Given the relatively weak illumination of the picture of events of that period in historical sources, comprehensive work in this direction can fill gaps in our knowledge of the medieval history of Dagestan. In addition, these epigraphs are of great importance for researchers of onomastics, linguistics, the history of culture and religion of Dagestan. The authors managed to clarify the date of death of Ibrahim-Haji al-Uradi, as well as his two sons. These data, the attraction of written sources and legends allowed the reconstruction of the events of the second half of the 18th century. For example, because of the epidemic of plague and the death of most of the population of Hidatl, this society noticeably weakened and could no longer maintain its influence on Akhvakh. The attraction of memorable records allowed us to specify the dates of the Ibrahim-Haji pilgrimage to Mecca and Medina, as well as the route through which he traveled to these cities.

Enlightening Symbols

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Number System ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Mathematical Notation ◽  
Rhetorical Style ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mathematical Symbols ◽  
Before And After ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Different Cultures

While all of us regularly use basic mathematical symbols such as those for plus, minus, and equals, few of us know that many of these symbols weren't available before the sixteenth century. What did mathematicians rely on for their work before then? And how did mathematical notations evolve into what we know today? This book explains the fascinating history behind the development of our mathematical notation system. It shows how symbols were used initially, how one symbol replaced another over time, and how written math was conveyed before and after symbols became widely adopted. Traversing mathematical history and the foundations of numerals in different cultures, the book looks at how historians have disagreed over the origins of the number system for the past two centuries. It follows the transfigurations of algebra from a rhetorical style to a symbolic one, demonstrating that most algebra before the sixteenth century was written in prose or in verse employing the written names of numerals. It also investigates the subconscious and psychological effects that mathematical symbols have had on mathematical thought, moods, meaning, communication, and comprehension. It considers how these symbols influence us (through similarity, association, identity, resemblance, and repeated imagery), how they lead to new ideas by subconscious associations, how they make connections between experience and the unknown, and how they contribute to the communication of basic mathematics. From words to abbreviations to symbols, this book shows how math evolved to the familiar forms we use today.

The Future of the Planetary Trust in a Kaleidoscopic World

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Edith Brown Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Nuclear War ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Resource Degradation ◽  
Shared Goal

Today, it is evident that we are part of a planetary trust. Conserving our planet represents a public good, global as well as local. The threats to future generations resulting from human activities make applying the normative framework of a planetary trust even more urgent than in the past decades. Initially, the planetary trust focused primarily on threats to the natural system of our human environment such as pollution and natural resource degradation, and on threats to cultural heritage. Now, we face a higher threat of nuclear war, cyber wars, and threats from gene drivers that can cause inheritable changes to genes, potential threats from other new technologies such as artificial intelligence, and possible pandemics. In this context, it is proposed that in the kaleidoscopic world, we must engage all the actors to cooperate with the shared goal of caring for and maintaining planet Earth in trust for present and future generations.

Human Factors in Classification and Certification

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Card ◽  
Clifford C. Baker ◽  
Kevin P. McSweeney ◽  
Denise B. McCafferty
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Maritime Safety ◽  
The Public ◽  
Human Element ◽  
The Past ◽  
Design Construction

Since the 18th century, Classification Societies have served the public interest by promoting the security of life, property, and the natural environment. This has been accomplished primarily through the development and verification of standards for the design, construction, and maintenance of marine facilities, however, new insights gained over the past decade have motivated maritime safety organizations to better address the contribution of the human element to maritime casualties and accidents.

scholarly journals Ethnic And Political Conflicts In The Eastern Senatorial District Of Kogi State, Nigeria: Some Suggested Therapeutic Measures

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-254
Author(s):  
Jacob Omede
Keyword(s):  
Moral Education ◽  
Community Policing ◽  
Black Power ◽  
The State ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Land Dispute ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Conflicts ◽  
Political Crises ◽  
Therapeutic Measures

This paper titled “Ethnic and political conflicts in the Eastern Senatorial Districts of Kogi State, Nigeria: Some suggested therapeutic measures” was an attempt to bring a relatively lasting solution to the incessant ethnic and political crises in the said senatorial district of the state. In an attempt to do this, the paper examined at the background the characteristics or nature of the Igala, Bassa and Ebira people who are the nationalities that are the original inhabitants of the land by pointing out how they lived harmoniously in the past. The paper in a further attempt to examine the causes of conflicts in this district had to do this in relation to Carl Max theory of conflict reviewed by Chappelow. The possible causes of ethnic and political conflicts in this area that the paper identified and discussed included land dispute, poverty and unemployment, loss of morality, desire to test and manifest “black power” as well as godlessness and bad politicking. The consequences of these which included the destruction of lives and properties, love lost, vendetta, vacation of ancestral homes as well as decline in commercial and agricultural activities were pointed out and also discussed. The paper concluded by recommending proper boundary delineation, more frequent political and moral education, formation of peace clubs as well as depoliticizing community policing and godly living as possible panaceas.

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