scholarly journals The Predictive Maintenance Concept in the Maintenance Department of the “Industry 4.0” Production Enterprise

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 283-292
Author(s):  
Duc Tran Anh ◽  
Karol Dąbrowski ◽  
Katarzyna Skrzypek
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Predictive Maintenance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Theory Of Action ◽  
Maintenance Strategy ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
The One ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Production Company

Abstract Modern technical environments require a high degree of reliability both in machinery and in equipment. Technological progress has, on the one hand, increased this efficiency but on the other hand, it has changed the way in which this equipment and these machines have traditionally been maintained. The authors have set the following assumptions. In order to survive in the market and develop, modern production enterprises realize the assumptions of Industry 4.0, wherein the optimization of maintenance processes is important because of the financial situation. This includes the profits made by the production company and differs from traditional maintenance, by shifting towards new trends such as predictive maintenance; as such, it is crucial for the development of the company. The article is devoted to the most modern predictive maintenance strategy, in the maintenance department of a manufacturing company. The publication describes the meaning of the method, its potential and the theory of action.

scholarly journals Żywiołowe rozprzestrzenianie się Poznania: profil morfologiczny i mikroekonomiczny

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-99
Author(s):  
Piotr Lityński
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
The Other ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Housing Preferences ◽  
Household Budget ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Financial Losses ◽  
Morphological Assessment

The aim of the article is to assess Poznań’s urban sprawl from the perspective of the morphology of space and financial situation of suburban households. The morphological assessment uses a method based on two grids of squares with a side: 1 km, 500 m; and data on the location of buildings from CCGCD. On the other hand, the assessment of households was carried out on the basis of the CSO Household Budget database. The results of the research indicate that the analyzed communes in the Poznań area are characterized by a moderate degree of disorder in the spatial structure. There are no communes with a completely compact specificity, there are also no communes with an absolutely high degree of spatial disorder. Households causing urban sprawl in Poznań are entities that incur moderate financial losses in order to maximize their housing preferences.

e-Democracy and Community Networks

2011 ◽  
pp. 249-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Gross
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Community Networks ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Electronic Democracy ◽  
The One

Political systems and technology are interdependent and influence each other. On the one hand, political systems and political leaders aim at influencing technological development and benefiting from technological progress; on the other, technological development has a considerable proportion of its own dynamics and potential to influence society and political systems. This chapter particularly focuses on electronic democracy and virtual communities and accordingly discusses recent ideas and plans of political leaders, derives requirements for technology, presents systems and prototypes, and reports cases demonstrating how and what technology is really used.

scholarly journals XII. The kinetic theory of a gas constituted of spherically symmetrical molecules

1912 ◽  
Vol 211 (471-483) ◽  
pp. 433-483 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mathematical Form ◽  
The Real ◽  
Numerical Errors ◽  
Diffusion Of Knowledge ◽  
Descriptive Theory ◽  
The One ◽  
Physical Reasons ◽  
High Degree

The principal kinetic theories of a gas proceed either on the hypothesis that the molecules are rigid elastic spheres, or that they are point centres of forces which vary inversely as the fifth power of the distance. Maxwell has worked out the consequences of the letter hypothesis in his well-known theory, which is unrivalled in its high degree of accuracy and (after some improvements by Boltzmann) in its perfection of mathematical form. All the quantities not taken account of in the theory (such as the time occupied by molecular encounters, and the effect of collisions in which more than two molecules take part) are properly negligible under ordinary conditions. The theory has the disadvantage, however, that the underlying hypothesis is highly artificial (being chosen chiefly on account of mathematical simplifications connected with it, rather than from any physical reasons), and does not represent the real facts at all adequately. The other hypothesis referred to seems to be much more in agreement with fact, but its consequences have been worked out less accurately. The method which has almost always been used is the one originally devised by Clausius and Maxwell; Maxwell abandoned it later, however, as it had “led him at times into grave error.” In spite of its apparent simplicity, numerical errors of large amount may undoubtedly creep in in a very subtle way. Hence the theory of a gas whose molecules are elastic spheres remains in a rather unsatisfactory state. As a “descriptive” theory (to use Meyer’s apt term) it has, however, served a useful purpose; the general laws of gaseous phenomena have been developed by its aid in an elementary way, which has conduced to a wider diffusion of knowledge of the kinetic theory than would have been possible if the sole line of development had been by the more mathematical and accurate methods used by Maxwell and Boltzmann.

scholarly journals Inclusion of Workers with Disabilities in Production 4.0: Legal Foundations in Europe and Potentials Through Worker Assistance Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 5978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedikt G. Mark ◽  
Sarah Hofmayer ◽  
Erwin Rauch ◽  
Dominik T. Matt
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Industrial Companies ◽  
Employees With Disabilities ◽  
Legal Foundations ◽  
Assistance Systems ◽  
The One

The inclusion of employees with disabilities in production is an issue that has rarely been addressed by scientists from the manufacturing sector. In this article, we examine to what extent the trend towards Industry 4.0 offers potential for the inclusion of people with disabilities in Production 4.0. First, we examine relevant legal foundations and restrictions in Europe and in more detail in Austria, Italy, and Norway. Next, based on a literature review, we examine which technological aids in the form of worker assistance systems derived from Industry 4.0 can make jobs in the manufacturing sector accessible for people with disabilities. Three types of assistance systems have been examined: sensorial aid systems, physical aid systems, and cognitive aid systems. In a concluding discussion of the results, we finally summarize the implications on management and policies as well as the potential and limitations of identified worker assistance technologies. On the one hand, the study is intended to draw the attention of researchers and industrial companies to new technological possibilities for the inclusion of people with disabilities in production. On the other hand, difficulties and grievances due to the legal foundations are pointed out to stimulate a critical discussion here as well.

scholarly journals Status Loss: The Burden of Positively Selected Immigrants

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Engzell ◽  
Mathieu Ichou
Keyword(s):  
European Social Survey ◽  
Social Position ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Individual Outcomes ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Country Differences ◽  
The One

Immigrants experience an ambiguous social position: on the one hand, they tend to be positively selected on resources from the origin country; on the other, they often occupy the lower rungs of the status ladder in receiving countries. This study explores the implications of this ambiguity for two important individual outcomes: subjective social status and perceived financial situation. We study the diverse sample of immigrants in the European Social Survey and use the fact that, due to country differences in educational distributions, a given education level can entail a very different rank in the sending and receiving countries. We document a robust relationship whereby immigrants who ranked higher in the origin than in the destination country see themselves as being comparatively worse off. This finding suggests that the social position before migration provides an important reference point by which immigrants judge their success in the new country.

Lone Mothers on Welfare in West Berlin: Disadvantaged Citizens or Women Avoiding Patriarchy?

1994 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1419-1433 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Mädje ◽  
C Neusüss
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Life Style ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Lone Mothers ◽  
Paid Employment ◽  
West Berlin ◽  
Public Scrutiny ◽  
The One

Lone mothers can be sure of periodic public scrutiny, in part because of their dependence on government welfare payments and their often disastrous financial situation. Dependence on welfare, in particular, is often offered as evidence of their marginalised, disadvantaged status. We argue, in contrast, that being ‘on welfare’ can be seen as a positive opportunity for certain groups of lone mothers at certain periods in their lives. Our research revealed an ambivalence in these women's attitudes towards welfare. On the one hand, they feel various constraints as a result of their dependence on welfare; on the other, however, they feel it also enables them to lead the life-style they prefer. They are unwilling to marry or remain in marriages simply because of the presence of children. They are willing to take responsibility for child care themselves and to abandon or cut back paid employment, at least for a period of time; but they refuse to depend upon a husband's maintenance. In this situation, the state becomes the more acceptable breadwinner.

scholarly journals ON THE PROBLEM OF INVOLVING TEACHERS IN RESEARCH ACTIVITIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-96
Author(s):  
Светлана Ивановна Поздеева
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Educational Content ◽  
Educational Innovations ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The One ◽  
The University ◽  
High Degree

Ставится вопрос о том, как вовлекать преподавателей педагогического университета в исследовательскую деятельность и применять результаты этой деятельности в образовательном процессе вуза. Показано, чем вовлеченность как высшее проявление субъектности человека отличается от активности. Выделены два уровня вовлеченности: уровень участия в деятельности и уровень влияния на ее содержание, протекание и результаты. Обоснованы сложности, возникающие у преподавателя, который пытается продолжать заниматься наукой после защиты диссертации. Это противоречие между высокой степенью исследовательской свободы и автономности, с одной стороны, и необходимостью ответственности и самоорганизации в исследовательском поиске – с другой. Выделены факторы, определяющие вовлеченность в исследование: исследовательская «зоркость», участие в образовательных инновациях и изучение их эффектов, постоянная обратная связь педагога со студентами для корректировки профессиональных проб и усиления их образовательных результатов. Делается вывод о необходимости и возможности преподавателей влиять на формирование актуальной научной повестки и тем самым обогащать образовательное содержание профессиональной подготовки будущих педагогов. The question is raised about how to involve teachers of a pedagogical University in research activities and apply the results of this activity in the educational process of the University. It is shown how involvement as the highest manifestation of human subjectivity differs from activity. Two levels of involvement are identified: the level of participation in the activity and the level of influence on its content, course and results. The author substantiates the difficulties that arise for a teacher who tries to continue studying science after defending his dissertation. This is a contradiction between a high degree of research freedom and autonomy, on the one hand, and the need for responsibility and self-organization in research search, on the other. The factors that determine involvement in research are highlighted: research “vigilance”, participation in educational innovations and studying their effects, constant feedback from the teacher with students to adjust professional tests and enhance their educational results. The author draws attention to the fact that one’s own research trajectory can be interpreted as a kind of educational trajectory of a University teacher. It is concluded that it is necessary and possible for teachers to influence the formation of a relevant scientific agenda for them and thereby enrich the educational content of professional training of future teachers.

scholarly journals The significance of educational activeness among the elderly in a social and psychological context

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Marcinkiewicz-Wilk
Keyword(s):  
Information Society ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Critical Literature ◽  
Changing Society

Aim. The aim of this article is to show the significance of educational activeness among the elderly in the context of its adaptation to the ageing process itself (the psychological aspect), as well as to a rapidly changing society defined by technological progress (the social aspect). Method. The article has been formulated with the aid of critical literature on the subject Conclusion. Educational activeness is crucial in late adulthood. On the one hand it is an important element in allowing the elderly to adapt to a new stage of life, and on the other hand to keep up with a rapidly changing society, defined in the literature as the information society.

Protective Effect of Warfarin in Arterial Thrombosis: Evidence from a Vascular Prosthesis Model in Rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 50 (04) ◽  
pp. 821-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ine Reyers ◽  
Giovanni de Gaetano ◽  
Maria Benedetta Donati
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Thrombosis ◽  
Bleeding Time ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Vascular Prosthesis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Antithrombotic Effect ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Wall Interaction ◽  
The One ◽  
High Degree

SummaryThree different schedules of treatment with warfarin were studied in rats bearing a polyethylene cannula in their abdominal aorta. The time of occlusion of the vascular prosthesis was significantly prolonged when warfarin was started 24 hr previously, at the time of loop insertion or 24 hr later. When the drug treatment was started 24 hr before insertion of the loop, however, a high degree of toxicity was observed. The animals of this group that died of hemorrhage had significantly lower mean thrombotest levels.On the other hand, the correlation between occlusion of the loop and level of anticoagulation was not as simple as one might anticipate; on the one hand, severe anticoagulation did not protect all of the rats from loop occlusion, but, on the other hand, recovery from hypocoagulability was not always immediately followed by occlusion of the loop.In order to better elucidate the mechanism of the antithrombotic effect of warfarin, we also assessed the effect of the drug on platelet-vessel wall interaction by the template bleeding time. A close association existed between warfarin-induced hypocoagulability and prolongation of the bleeding time.These observations may constitute the experimental basis for a better understanding of the antithrombotic effect of warfarin in some arterial diseases and in myocardial infarction.

Operation and Efficiency of Automatically Operating Weir Structures – A Contribution to Cleaner Waters

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 1211-1221
Author(s):  
E. Macke
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Constant Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
Low Head ◽  
The One ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Receiving Water

The automatically operating weir structures presented are simple, largely maintenance-free structures which, when used as control elements in storm overflows, offer considerable advantages over the fixed weir sills. Irrespective of the intensity of rainfalls, these weirs do not discharge any surplus water into the receiving water, unless a maximum possible water level has been reached, which is then maintained at a virtually constant level until the floods subside. The maximum possible water level, the so-called impounding head, will be determined in such a way that, on the one hand, the sewer capacity will be fully utilized, and, on the other, any undesirable backwater in the sewer system can be precluded. The weirs are not only suited for installation in new structures, but may also be integrated in existing ones. Time and cost consuming constructional measures can be dispensed with, as the weirs can, owing to their configuration - they are composed of individual segments - be passed through the existing manholes. They allow considerable additional sewer capacities to be activated, in particular in low-head sewer systems, so that the installation of high-cost retaining basins, which normally require a high degree of maintenance, can either be limited or dispensed with altogether. As the receiving water will be affected only when a given impounding head has been reached, the amount of combined sewage discharged can be reduced to a minimum.

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