Validation of the MCMI-III PTSD Scale among Combat Veterans

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 720-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Hyer ◽  
Stephanie Boyd ◽  
Ellen Stanger ◽  
Harry Davis ◽  
Paul Walters
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Combat Veterans ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Combat Exposure ◽  
Response Style ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Ptsd Treatment ◽  
Mississippi Scale ◽  
Ptsd Scale ◽  
The Impact

The new MCMI-III Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) scale was validated on 104 combat veterans who were divided into two groups, PTSD Treatment Group and Non-PTSD Treatment Group. PTSD status was carefully determined by clinical interview and therapists' reports. The Combat Exposure Scale, the Mississippi Scale for Combat-related PTSD, and the Impact of Events Scale were also given. Analysis showed that the MCMI-III PTSD scale had a low internal consistency, but that it significantly differentiated the two groups and significantly correlated to those on other PTSD self-report scales. This scale appeared to be influenced by an acquiescent response style. Further validation studies are needed.

The Relationship between Severity of Combat Exposure and Army Status on Post-traumatic Stress Disorder among Australian Vietnam War Veterans

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Hennessy ◽  
Tian P.S. Oei
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Combat Exposure ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Psychiatric Symptomatology ◽  
Mississippi Scale ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated the relationship between the level of combat exposure and army status (regular army soldiers vs national servicemen) and the subsequent development of combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Sixty-four Australian infantrymen who were exposed to combat stress in Vietnam were used in this study. They were divided into four groups based on combat exposure and status as a regular or conscripted soldier. Subjects were assessed 23 years after their tour of duty in Vietnam for PTSD and psychiatric symptomatology using a PTSD inventory based on DSM-III-R criteria, the Self-report Checklist 90 (SCL-90), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Impact of Events Scale (IES), the Mississippi Scale for Combat-related PTSD (Mississippi Scale), the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and a demographic questionnaire. Results showed that 29.85% of the veterans have a positive diagnosis of PTSD according to self-report of symptoms based on the DSM-III-R criteria, while 54.89% of the remaining veterans suffer major symptoms of this disorder. MANOVA results show that neither the level of combat exposure nor the army status of the veterans had any significant effect on their psychiatric symptomatology as measured by the SCL-90, the BDI, the IES, and the STAI.

Three Studies on the Reliability and Validity of a Self-Report Measure of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Assessment ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean Lauterbach ◽  
Scott Vrana
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
The Impact

This paper describes three studies of the reliability and validity of a newly revised version of the Purdue Posttraumatic Stress Disorder scale (PPTSD-R). The PPTSD-R is a 17-item questionnaire that yields four scores: Reexperiencing, Avoidance, Arousal, and Total. It is highly internally consistent (α = .91), and the scores are relatively stable across time. The PPTSD-R is highly correlated with other measures of PTSD symptomatology and moderately correlated with measures of related psychopathology, providing preliminary support for the measure's convergent and discriminant validity. It reliably distinguishes between groups of people who were and were not traumatized, it is sensitive to the impact of different types of traumatic events, and (within a clinical sample) it discriminates between those who did and did not seek treatment for difficulty coping with the traumatic event being assessed. The PPTSD-R shows promise as a measure of PTSD symptoms in the college population.

scholarly journals Influence of Spirituality on Depression, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Suicidality in Active Duty Military Personnel

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel L. Hourani ◽  
Jason Williams ◽  
Valerie Forman-Hoffman ◽  
Marian E. Lane ◽  
Belinda Weimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Combat Exposure ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Active Duty Military

Understanding the role of spirituality as a potential coping mechanism for military personnel is important given growing concern about the mental health issues of personnel returning from war. This study seeks to determine the extent to which spirituality is associated with selected mental health problems among active duty military personnel and whether it moderates the relationship between combat exposure/deployment and (a) depression, (b) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and (c) suicidality in active duty military personnel. Data were drawn from the 2008 Department of Defense Survey of Health Related Behaviors Among Active Duty Military Personnel. Over 24,000 randomly selected active duty personnel worldwide completed an anonymous self-report questionnaire. High spirituality had a significant protective effect only for depression symptoms. Medium, as opposed to high or low, levels of spirituality buffered each of the mental health outcomes to some degree. Medium and low spirituality levels predicted depression symptoms but only among those with moderate combat exposure. Medium spirituality levels also predicted PTSD symptoms among those with moderate levels of combat exposure and predicted self-reported suicidal ideation/attempt among those never deployed. These results point to the complex relationship between spirituality and mental health, particularly among military personnel and the need for further research.

Predicting PTSD in trauma survivors: prospective evaluation of self-report and clinician-administered instruments

1997 ◽  
Vol 170 (6) ◽  
pp. 558-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arieh Y. Shalev ◽  
Sara. Freedman ◽  
Tuvia Peri ◽  
Dalia Brandes ◽  
Tali Sahar
Keyword(s):  
Self Report ◽  
Trauma Survivors ◽  
Trauma Recovery ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Clinical Interviews ◽  
Hospital Emergency Room ◽  
Mississippi Scale ◽  
Ptsd Scale ◽  
Better Than

BackgroundThis study examined the ability of commonly used questionnaires and a structured clinical interview to predict PTSD in recent trauma survivors.MethodHorowitz's Impact of Event Scale (IES), Speilberger's State Anxiety (SANX) and the Peri Traumatic Dissociation Questionnaire (PDEQ) were administered one week post-trauma to 239 traumatised individuals recruited from a general hospital emergency room. The IES, the SANX, the civilian version of the Mississippi Scale for Combat Related PTSD (MISS), and the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) were administered one month and four months post-trauma. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysiswas used with these data.ResultsAll questionnaires were better than chance at predicting PTSD. The so called PTSD questionnaires (IES and MISS) were not better than the more general ones. No difference in predictive value was found when questionnaires were carried outone week or one month after a trauma. Recovery was better predicted than PTSD, and the CAPS was better than the questionnaires.DiscussionThe use of psychometrics and clinical interviews to predict PTSD should be guided by clinical relevance and by the availability of resources.

Aggression among combat veterans: Relationships with combat exposure and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, dysphoria, and anxiety

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey T. Taft ◽  
Dawne S. Vogt ◽  
Amy D. Marshall ◽  
Jillian Panuzio ◽  
Barbara L. Niles
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Combat Veterans ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Combat Exposure

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Do Electrical Startle Responses and Thyroid Function Usefully Supplement Self-Report? A Study of Vietnam War Veterans

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Elisabeth Wells ◽  
Timothy H. Williams ◽  
Alastair D. Macleod ◽  
Grant J. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Vietnam War ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Startle Response ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Test ◽  
Ptsd Scale ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Vietnam War Veterans

Objective: To investigate the usefulness of electrical startle responses and thyroid function as supplements to self-report measures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Method: Invitations were sent to all New Zealand Vietnam War veterans known to be living in North Canterbury; 50 responded and the 35 living in or near Christchurch were included. Self-report measures of PTSD (the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS) and the Symptom Check List (SCL-90-R)), an eye blink electrical startle response and thyroid function were measured. The DTS was re-administered one to two weeks later to assess short-term test–retest reliability. Six months later the DTS and the electrical startle response were measured again. Results: The veterans reported a wide range of PTSD severity, with 15/35 reporting prior diagnosis of PTSD. The DTS showed high short-term test–retest reliability (r = 0.93) and a moderate correlation after 6 months (r = 0.73). It also showed sensitivity to change; in one to two weeks the scores increased by nearly half a standard deviation, possibly because of an imminent ‘homecoming’ march. The DTS and a PTSD scale from the SCL-90-R were highly correlated (r = 0.89). The total triiodothyronine (T3) to free thyroxine (T4) ratio measure of thyroid function correlated poorly with self-report (r ≤ 0.27). The electrical startle response also correlated poorly with self-report (r ≤ 0.26), showed low internal consistency between left and right sides (r = 0.43), and correlated 0.39 over six months. It was disliked by the veterans and had increased slightly at 6 month follow-up, perhaps because of sensitization. Conclusions: The DTS was reliable and correlated highly with the SCL-90-R PTSD scale. Neither thyroid function nor eye blink electrical startle correlated with each other or with selfreport, and reliability was not good for electrical startle. These two measures do not appear to add anything useful to the assessment of PTSD.

scholarly journals Differential Effects of Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders on Treatment Outcome in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder from Childhood Trauma

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 3708
Author(s):  
Nele Assmann ◽  
Eva Fassbinder ◽  
Anja Schaich ◽  
Christopher W. Lee ◽  
Katrina Boterhoven de Haan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Moderator Effect ◽  
Ptsd Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) frequently have comorbid diagnoses such as major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders (AD). Studies into the impact of these comorbidities on the outcome of PTSD treatment have yielded mixed results. The different treatments investigated in these studies might explain the varied outcome. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of these comorbidities on the outcome of two specific PTSD treatments. MDD and AD were analyzed as predictors and moderators in a trial comparing 12 sessions of either eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) or imagery rescripting (IR) in 155 adult patients with PTSD from childhood trauma. The primary outcome was reduction of PTSD symptoms (clinician-administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5, CAPS-5) assessed at eight-week follow-up and a secondary outcome was self-report PTSD symptoms (Impact of Event Scale, IES-R). MDD was not a predictor of treatment outcome but did have a significant moderator effect. Patients with MDD showed a better outcome if they were treated with IR, whereas patients without MDD improved more in the EMDR condition. No impact of AD emerged. It seems essential to consider comorbid MDD when planning PTSD treatment to improve treatment outcomes. More research is needed to replicate our findings and focus on different kinds of PTSD treatments and other comorbidities.

Chronicity of Symptoms in Combat Veterans with PTSD Treated by the VA Mental Health System

1994 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 843-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Christopher Frueh ◽  
Robert F. Mirabella ◽  
Keith Chobot ◽  
Mark D. Fossey
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Mental Health System ◽  
Combat Veterans ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Time In Treatment ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Mississippi Scale ◽  
Two Stages

Self-report questionnaire data, collected at two stages of treatment, are presented for a group of 40 combat veterans with PTSD treated within the VA mental health system. Patients completed the Beck Depression Inventory, Mississippi Scale, and Dissociative Experiences Scale prior to treatment at a PTSD outpatient clinic and at midtreatment follow-up. Patients' symptom reports at follow-up were not correlated with length of time in treatment. Further, results suggest that patients' self-reported symptoms on these measures do not show evidence of improvement after entry into the VA mental health system. Explanations for this apparent chronicity of symptoms are discussed.

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