Further Research on Personality Dimensions and Physical Symptoms Using the Differential Diagnostic Technique

1995 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 656-658
Author(s):  
O. Weininger ◽  
J. Jedrzkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Human Behaviour ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Reliability Data ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
Regular Classrooms ◽  
Urban Sample ◽  
Differential Diagnostic Technique

The personality dynamics using the Differential Diagnostic Technique are delineated as part of an effort to understand their key role underlying the expression of physical symptoms. An urban sample of 40 boys and 71 girls, aged 14 and 15 years old, from regular classrooms completed the Health Survey which taps into five scales of physical symptoms of stress and the Differential Diagnostic Technique. The personality dimensions produced were very similar to those of earlier studies involving a young criminogenic sample. Expected trends for physical symptoms with ego control, rigid defensiveness, and personality organization are reported. This study provided further validity and reliability data for the Differential Diagnostic Technique as a useful instrument for assessing and interpreting the dynamics of human behaviour.

Further Research on Personality Organization Using the Differential Diagnostic Technique

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1247-1250 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Weininger ◽  
J. E. Erdman ◽  
W. J. Ammons
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Similar Type ◽  
Young Offender ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Personality Organization ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Behavioral Classification ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Differential Diagnostic Technique

Two recent studies utilizing the Differential Diagnostic Technique as a primary means of assessment delineated several personality dimensions that reflect the over-all functioning of children in various placement settings. Amnions' 1991 study involved a young offender population of 110 males aged 12 to 17 years. Erdman (1992) looked at 691 children in residential care, both male and female, who ranged in age from 7 to 16 years. Despite different populations and statistical analyses, the personality dimensions produced in the different studies reflected a similar type of personality organization. In assessing personality, the Differential Diagnostic Technique is shown to be consonant with more traditional, empirically based modes of symptom and behavioral classification.

The ‘Psychology’ of Polygraph’: Engendering Differential Salience - Concerns and Caveats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedo Herbig
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Human Behaviour ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Behaviour Modification ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Governing Body ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Emotional Salience ◽  
Polygraph Examination

The ‘success’ of a polygraph examination is predicated on the establishment of differential or emotional salience (a ‘psychological set’) with an examinee. This, according to polygraph proponents, guarantees that an examinee will respond appropriately during the administration of the in-test (questioning) phase of the polygraph examination. However, polygraph procedure, as prescribed by its governing body, the American Polygraph Association (APA), is a static clinical Westernised process that does not make any provision for human multiplicity (culture/ethnicity, idiosyncrasies, level of education, language proficiency, ideologies, and so forth). Identical (one size fits all) test procedures are applied across the board – a highly controversial methodology. This article, instead of rigidly focusing on validity and reliability issues per se, explores the degree to which certain intentional and unintentional human behaviour modification strategies have the potential to counterbalance claimed polygraph rectitude from a metaphysical and discursive standpoint. The article exposes concerns (potential flaws) relating to polygraph theory in the context of the ‘psychological set’ and is intended to serve as a caveat regarding the unmitigated use thereof. 

scholarly journals PEMBINAAN DISIPLIN SISWA OLEH GURU DI SMK NEGERI 1 GUNUNG TULEH KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Ilham Wardi ◽  
Nelfia Adi
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Student Discipline ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Data Collection Tool ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Reliability Data

The purpose of this study was to obtain information about student discipline development by teachers at SMK Negeri 1 Gunung Tuleh, West Pasaman Regency as seen from 1) student disciplinary guidance by teachers through discipline, 2) student discipline development by teachers through exemplary governance, 3) coaching student discipline by the teacher through guidance, 4) student discipline development by the teacher through punishment, 5) student discipline development by the teacher through supervision.This study was a descriptive study. The total population in this study was 236 people. Samples were taken with Simple Random Samplingtechniquewith 70 people. The data collection tool used is a Likert scale model questionnaire with 5 alternative answers Questionnaires have been tested for validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using the average formula.The results of the study show that: 1) student discipline development by teachers through discipline is stated to be good with an average score of 3.69, 2) student discipline development by teachers through exemplary governance is stated to be quite good with an average score of 3.52, 3) student disciplinary guidance by the teacher through guidance expressed either with an average score of 3.65, 4) student discipline development by the teacher through punishment expressed both with an average score of 3.75, 5) student discipline development by the teacher through supervision expressed well with an average score 3.75. Overall, Student Discipline Development by Teachers at SMK Negeri 1 Gunung Tuleh, West Pasaman Regency is 3, 76 in the good category. This indicates that the discipline of student discipline by teachers at SMK Negeri 1 Gunung Tuleh, West Pasaman Regency is good, but it still needs to be maintained and improved again so that it increases in the excellent category.

scholarly journals Hubungan Iklim Organisasi Dengan Motivasi Kerja Pegawai

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesica zulianda
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Performance Level ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Reliability Data ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Motivation To Work

The goal of this articel of this article is to improve your knowladge about Organizational Climate and Motivation work. The instrument of this research is question with Likert scale models that had tested for validity and reliability. Data analyzed using mean score and performance level. The result of this research are the Organizational Climate Relationship with Motivation to Work in office

The Differential Diagnostic Technique: A Visual-Motor Projective Test: Further Research

1989 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Weininger
Keyword(s):  
Objective Measure ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Projective Test ◽  
Visual Motor ◽  
Differential Diagnostic Technique

Within a wide variety of research settings and problems investigation the Differential Diagnostic Technique continues to indicate its usefulness as an objective measure of certain personality characteristics.

scholarly journals The Trojan Lifetime Champions Health Survey: Development, Validity, and Reliability

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn C. Sorenson ◽  
Russell Romano ◽  
Robin M. Scholefield ◽  
E. Todd Schroeder ◽  
Stanley P. Azen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Parallel Form ◽  
Competitive Athletes ◽  
Clinical Interest ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Context Self-report questionnaires are an important method of evaluating lifespan health, exercise, and health-related quality of life (HRQL) outcomes among elite, competitive athletes. Few instruments, however, have undergone formal characterization of their psychometric properties within this population. Objective To evaluate the validity and reliability of a novel health and exercise questionnaire, the Trojan Lifetime Champions (TLC) Health Survey. Design Descriptive laboratory study. Setting A large National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I university. Patients or Other Participants A total of 63 university alumni (age range, 24 to 84 years), including former varsity collegiate athletes and a control group of nonathletes. Intervention(s) Participants completed the TLC Health Survey twice at a mean interval of 23 days with randomization to the paper or electronic version of the instrument. Main Outcome Measure(s) Content validity, feasibility of administration, test-retest reliability, parallel-form reliability between paper and electronic forms, and estimates of systematic and typical error versus differences of clinical interest were assessed across a broad range of health, exercise, and HRQL measures. Results Correlation coefficients, including intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for continuous variables and κ agreement statistics for ordinal variables, for test-retest reliability averaged 0.86, 0.90, 0.80, and 0.74 for HRQL, lifetime health, recent health, and exercise variables, respectively. Correlation coefficients, again ICCs and κ, for parallel-form reliability (ie, equivalence) between paper and electronic versions averaged 0.90, 0.85, 0.85, and 0.81 for HRQL, lifetime health, recent health, and exercise variables, respectively. Typical measurement error was less than the a priori thresholds of clinical interest, and we found minimal evidence of systematic test-retest error. We found strong evidence of content validity, convergent construct validity with the Short-Form 12 Version 2 HRQL instrument, and feasibility of administration in an elite, competitive athletic population. Conclusions These data suggest that the TLC Health Survey is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing lifetime and recent health, exercise, and HRQL, among elite competitive athletes. Generalizability of the instrument may be enhanced by additional, larger-scale studies in diverse populations.

Validation Study for the Brief Measure of Quality of Life and Quality of Care: A Questionnaire for the National Random Sampling Hospital Survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 622-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megumi Shimizu ◽  
Daisuke Fujisawa ◽  
Miho Kurihara ◽  
Kazuki Sato ◽  
Tatsuya Morita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Patients With Cancer

Background: To monitor quality of life (QOL) for patients with cancer in a large population-based survey, we developed a short QOL and quality-of-care (QOC) questionnaire. To determine the validity and reliability of this new questionnaire for evaluating QOL in patients with cancer. Methods: Outpatients and inpatients at National Cancer Center Hospital East were administered a questionnaire, including the following items—the short QOL and QOC questionnaire (physical distress, pain, emotional distress, walk burden, and need for help with self-care; perceived general health status; and satisfaction with medical care and treatment by doctor, communication with doctor, support by health-care staff other than doctor, care for physical symptoms such as pain, and psychological care), the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—General (FACT-G), the Cancer Care Evaluation Scale (CCES) for patients, and demographic and medical data. We then readministered the short QOL and QOC questionnaire. Results: In total, 329 outpatients and 239 inpatients completed the survey (response rates: 80% and 90%, respectively). Total Cronbach α for the short QOL and QOC questionnaire was 0.83 for outpatients and 0.82 for inpatients. Items of the questionnaire correlated with cancer-specific measurements, FACT-G, and CCES. Intraclass correlation coefficients for all items of the questionnaire were 0.79 and 0.89 in each setting. Items of QOL and QOC did not correlate with each other. Conclusion: The validity and reliability of the short QOL and QOC questionnaire appear sufficient. This questionnaire enables continuous monitoring of patient QOL in large population-based surveys.

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