scholarly journals Zasoby zielarskie w agrocenozach Mińskiego Obszaru Chronionego Krajobrazu

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
TERESA SKRAJNA ◽  
AGNIESZKA BOGUSZ
Keyword(s):  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Descurainia Sophia ◽  
Centaurea Cyanus ◽  
Elymus Repens ◽  
Anthemis Arvensis

W sezonach wegetacyjnych 2012–2014 przeprowadzono inwentaryzację florystyczną agrocenoz (MOChK), której głównym celem było określenie składu gatunkowego, częstości występowania, zasobności stanowisk oraz możliwości wykorzystania roślin o właściwościach leczniczych. Badania polegały na wykonaniu zdjęć fitosocjologicznych metodą Braun-Blanqueta. W wyniku analizy zgromadzonego materiału stwierdzono występowanie 116 gatunków chwastów – ziół. Pod względem pochodzenia liczbowo przeważały rośliny rodzime – apofity (80 gatunków – 68,9%) nad antropofitami (36 gatunków – 31,1% ogólnej liczby stwierdzonych gatunków). Wśród apofitów dominowały apofity łąkowe (28 gatunków) oraz pochodzące z siedlisk wilgotnych i murawowych (po 19 gatunków). Z obcych gatunków zdecydowanie najliczniej występowały archeofity (30 gatunków). W analizowanej florze zielarskiej większy udział miały gatunki wieloletnie – byliny (61 gatunków) niż gatunki krótkotrwałe (55 gatunków). Dominującą formą życiową były terofity (51 gatunków) i hemikryptofity (41 gatunki). Rośliny zielarskie agrocenoz MOChK najczęściej zaliczane były do gatunków bardzo rzadkich, rzadkich i dość rzadkich (61 gatunków) występujących z niewielkim pokryciem powierzchni. Gatunków bardzo pospolitych i pospolitych było 37. Wśród nich duże pokrycie osiągało 8 gatunków (Chenopodium album, Stellaria media, Gnaphalium uliginosum, Galinsoga parviflora, Anthemis arvensis, Centaurea cyanus, Elymus repens i Viola arvensis). Wśród stwierdzonych chwastów – ziół najbardziej liczną grupę stanowiły gatunki, które do celów farmaceutycznych mogą dostarczać ziele jako surowiec (57 gatunków); były to np.: Epilobium parviflorum, Galeopsis tetrahit, Descurainia sophia, Gnaphalium uliginosum, Hypericum humifusum. W grupie roślin leczniczych stwierdzono 12 gatunków rzadkich i zagrożonych – w regionie i w kraju, m.in. Agrostemma githago, Centaurium pulchellum, Consolida regalis, Hypericum humifusum i Herniaria glabra. Ponadto Helichrysium arenarium i Centaurium pulchellum objęte są ochroną gatunkową.

scholarly journals Medicinal plants in segetal communities of the Kałuszyńska Upland

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
Teresa Skrajna
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Convolvulus Arvensis ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Anthemis Arvensis ◽  
Segetal Communities

Medicinal plants in segetal communities of the Kałuszyńska Upland The herbal flora of agrocenoses of the Kałuszyńska Upland includes 137 vascular plant species. Apophytes (91species-66,4%) prevail over anthropophytes (46 species-33,6 %). Meadow (32 species), waterside (20 species) and forest apophytes (17 species) were the most numerous. Short-lived plants (71 species) prevail over perennials (66 species) in the analysed flora. Therophytes (65 species) and hemicryptophytes (48 species) were the dominant life forms. Very rare, rare and quite rare species were the most frequent in the flora of the Kałuszyńska Upland. They build up over 63% of the total number of species. The share of common and very common species was about 8%. Some of them, e.g, Equisetum arvense, Chenopodium album, Viola arvensis, Anthemis arvensis, Centaurea cyanus, Cirsium arvense, Elymus repens Convolvulus arvensis, Capsella bursapastoris and Stellaria media were noted with a high ground cover. The occurrence of species rare in the region and in Poland among recorded medicinal plants, e.g., Camelina microcarpa sp. sylvestris, Hypericum humifusum, Consolida regalis, Asperugo procumbens and Herniaria glabra is especially noteworthy.

scholarly journals Weed flora in organically grown spring cereals in Finland

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. SALONEN ◽  
T. HYVÖNEN ◽  
H. JALLI
Keyword(s):  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Weed Flora ◽  
Elymus Repens ◽  
Spring Cereals ◽  
Organically Grown

The weed flora in organically grown spring cereals was investigated in southern and central Finland in 1997-1999 with the primary purpose of determining the species composition and the level of weed infestation. Altogether 165 fields were surveyed in the middle of the growing season. A total of 126 weed species were found, of which 42 exceeded the frequency level of 10%. The most frequent weed species were Chenopodium album, Stellaria media, Galeopsis spp. and Viola arvensis. Elymus repens was the most frequent grass species. The average density of weeds was 469 plants m-2 (median 395), and the air-dry biomass was 678 kg ha-1 (median 567) which accounted for 17% of the total biomass of the crop stand. Infestation by Chenopodium album and the perennial species Elymus repens, Cirsium arvense and Sonchus arvensis is of major concern. Weed control strategies should include direct control measures to overcome weed problems related to the conversion period from conventional to organic growing.

scholarly journals The role of the growth stage of weeds in their response to reduced herbicide doses

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Kieloch ◽  
Krzysztof Domaradzki
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
State Research Institute ◽  
Plant Cultivation ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Herbicide Effects ◽  
Anthemis Arvensis

The influence of weed growth stage on the efficacy of selected herbicides applied at reduced doses was investigated under pot experiments at the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation - State Research Institute in Wrocław. Three weed species were used as tested plants: <i>Anthemis arvensis</i> L., <i>Chenopodium album</i> L. and <i>Stellaria media</i> L., which were sprayed at different growth stages: 2-4, 6-8, and 10-12 leaves. The experiment included the following herbicides: tribenuron-methyl, iodosulfuron methyl sodium + amidosulfuron, and metribuzin + amidosulfuron, used at full doses and reduced by 25 and 50%. Three weeks after treatment, fresh weight of weeds was determined. Weed control was significantly related to weed species, growth stage, type of herbicide and its dose. Among the tested weed species, <i>S. media</i> showed the weakest reaction to the herbicides used and it was only slightly affected by herbicide rate and growth stage. Later herbicide treatments, when the weeds reached the stage of 6-8 and 10-12 leaves, resulted in diversification at the level of herbicide effects and doses.

Bacterial Communities Associated with Chenopodium album and Stellaria media Seeds from Arable Soils

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard S. van Overbeek ◽  
Angelinus C. Franke ◽  
Els H. M. Nijhuis ◽  
Roel M. W. Groeneveld ◽  
Ulisses Nunes da Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Stellaria Media

Effects of glyphosate on Fusarium spp.: its influence on root colonization of weeds, propagule density in the soil, and crop emergence

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 354-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. André Lévesque ◽  
James E. Rahe ◽  
David M. Eaves
Keyword(s):  
Root Colonization ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Holcus Lanatus ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Annual Weeds ◽  
Polygonum Persicaria

Glyphosate is a broad spectrum herbicide that can lead to root rot like damage on crops. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of glyphosate on the root-colonizing Fusarium spp. The research was conducted at two sites. Site one was densely covered with perennial weeds, and site two with annuals. At site one, spraying the weed cover with glyphosate increased (p < 0.05) the level of colonization by Fusarium spp. in Ranunculus repens and Holcus lanatus, but not in Stellaria media and Plantago lanceolata. At site two, glyphosate enhanced colonization in Spergula arvensis, Stellaria media, Echinochloa crusgalli, and Chenopodium album, but not in Capsella bursa-pastoris and Polygonum persicaria. At both sites, the number of colony-forming units of Fusarium spp. per gram of dried soil was increased by the application of glyphosate. Nevertheless, crops subsequently sown in the field containing the annual weeds were not detrimentally affected by glyphosate treatment of these weeds.

scholarly journals Growth of weeds in cereal populations

1972 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila-Riitta Erviö
Keyword(s):  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Polygonum Convolvulus ◽  
Cereal Seed

The weeds in this study consisted mainly of Chenopodium album, Stellaria media, Viola arvensis, Polygonum convolvulus, P. aviculare and P. lapathifolium. Increasing cereal seed rates reduced the numbers, individual weights and total yields of the most abundant species, Chenopodium album. The decreases in plant weight and total yield of the weeds were very steep when the cereal seed rate was raised from 25 to 200 kg/ha. Increases in the seeding rate reduced the total yields of weeds rather than their numbers. The effect of the cereal on weeds became apparent as soon as heading of the cereal was complete and was further enhanced by prolonged competition. Added nitrogen raised the weed yields at cereal seed rates of 25—100 kg/ha but reduced them at higher seed rates. Nitrogen also raised the yield and individual plant weight of C. album. Cereal seed rate did not affect the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium contents of the weeds grown among the crop. Due to larger total weed yields, however, the amounts of these nutrients in the weeds were higher in sparse than in dense cereal populations.

scholarly journals DIVERZITET I ANALIZA KVALITATIVNOG SASTAVA BILJNE ZAJEDNICE STRNIŠTA KAO POTENCIJALNE KRME

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusko Brkovic ◽  
◽  
Dalibor Tomic ◽  
Snežana Brankovic ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Equisetum Arvense ◽  
Colchicum Autumnale ◽  
Elymus Repens ◽  
Ranunculus Bulbosus

In the plant communities on stubble, 25 taxons were determined, classified into 22 genera and 13 families. Of the 7 most pre-stated families, five are present in this micro-company where asteraceae have 6 taxons (27.27%), Lamiaceae five species (20%) and Poaceae three representatives (12%). As feed can be used: Galinsoga parviflora Cav., Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv., Elymus repens (L.) Gould., Amaranthus retroflexus L., Chenopodium album L. and Leontodon hispidus L. Potentially toxic to domestic animals are: Colchicum autumnale L., Equisetum arvense L., Equisetum telmateia Ehrh., Ranunculus bulbosus L., Sonhus arvensis L.

scholarly journals The Impact of Under‑Vine Management on the Weed Seedbank in the Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 1165-1170
Author(s):  
Lenka Porčová ◽  
Vladimír Smutný
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Maintenance Management ◽  
Mechanical Method ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Control Chemical ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The evaluation of the weed seedbank in the soil was carried out in 2013 and 2014 in the Žabčice vineyard. Within the frame of maintenance management, three methods of under‑vine management were proposed: untreated control, chemical and mechanical method of weed management. 23 plant species were identified in the soil samples from the place below the grapevine. The obtained data were evaluated by the analysis of variance (ANOVA). Seeds of the species Amaranthus sp., Chenopodium album, Stellaria media, and Portulaca oleracea were the most common in all variants. Soil samples from the variant of mechanical weed management were the richest from the perspective of species. This variant also contained the smallest number of seeds per m2 of soil.

scholarly journals Plant communities of cereals with respect to the location of field in mountain region

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Ewa Stupnicka-Rodzynkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Pronounced Effect ◽  
Mountain Region ◽  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Galium Aparine ◽  
Centaurea Cyanus ◽  
Weed Infestation

Studies on weed infestation of cereals with respect to the location of the field under various mountain conditions (bottom ofthe valley, slopes with different exposure, local top area) were carried out in the central part of the Dunajec valley in the Beskidy Mountains. Plant communities on the slopes and top area contained more species than those in the bottom of the valley. Coverage of soil by weeds on the slopes was also higher. However, slope exposure had no pronounced effect on the differentiation of weed composition. Dominating species in all area where the studies were carried out were: <em>Stellaria media, Galium aparine, Centaurea cyanus, Apera spica-venti and Cirsium arvense</em>.

scholarly journals The influence of simplified on reserve of weeds in erodible loess soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-363
Author(s):  
Marian Wesołowski ◽  
Karol Bujak
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Loess Soil ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Winter Rape ◽  
Loess Slope

In the paper the influence of diferent simplified tillage per number and seeds botanical composition of weeds in 0-25 cm of soil layer under plants crop rotation (potato-spring barley-winter rape-winter wheat) on erodible loess soil was presented. The simplifications in soil tillage relied on replaceing ploughing by cultivation, rotary cultivator tillage or Gramoxone formula. The replaceing ploughing by cultivations or rotary cultivator tillage especially bringing in chemical tillage instead of after-harvest cultivation increasing the number of weeds seed under all plants excluding spring barley. Resource of weeds seed under all plants of crop rotation were formated mainly by short duration species, especially <i>Chenopodium album</i> and <i>Viola arvensis</i> as well as <i>Stellaria media</i> (potato, barley, wheat) and <i>Veronica persica</i> (wheat). It was proven that the number of weeds seed in 0-25 cm of soil layer on erodible loess slope depended from plant species more than the way of soil tillage.

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