scholarly journals Designing and Simulating Transformer Experiments under Dynamic Experiments

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Ramesh Kumar Patel ◽  
Madhu Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Short Circuit ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
The Other ◽  
Power Transformers ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Parameter Calculation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Dynamic Experiments ◽  
Energy Provider

Enormous power transformers are the main gear for the power lattice. Their dependability not just influences the accessibility of power in the inventory region, yet in addition influences the monetary working of an energy provider. The primary goal of this work of the improvement of the transformer testing simulating model on the MATLAB/SIMULINK climate.The testing which depends on generator and grid of the transformer, as well as the related outcomes in SIMULINK, will be part of the conceptual stage. In addition, the technique will look into the effects of transformer validation in the method relying on grid on devices which are connected to the grids. According to the findings, neither source has an impact on the parameter calculation of Open Circuit and Short Circuit assessments. Realistic situations, on the other hand, would necessitate testing which relies on grid, which would enable a broader variety of transformers of different ratings to be evaluated with increased current capacity. The effect of a mistake on the grid can be quickly assessed by looking at the destination of the mistake, the period of the mistake, and any dips that may have took place.

Modelling and Simulation of Transformer Tests under Dynamic Testing

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Ramesh Kumar Patel ◽  
Madhu Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Testing ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
The Other ◽  
Power Transformers ◽  
High Current ◽  
Large Power ◽  
Parameter Evaluation ◽  
Economic Functioning ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Grid Based

Large power transformers are the most important equipment for the power grid. Their reliability not only affects the availability of electricity in the supply area, but also affects the economic functioning of an energy supplier. The main objective of this work of the development of the transformer testing simulation model on the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. The designing aspect shall comprise the generator-based and grid-based testing of the transformer and associated results on the same in the SIMULINK. And the methodology shall study the impacts on the grid-connected devices due to testing of the transformers in the grid-based method. The study concluded that there is effectively no effect on the parameter evaluation of OC and SC tests by either source. However, the practical conditions would require grid-based testing that allows a greater range of transformers of various ratings to be tested with high current capability. The impact of fault on the grid can be easily evaluated through location of fault, duration of fault, and dip if occurred. The testing should follow proper timing to avoid such disturbances on the grid. This leads to the rescheduling of the other approved outages or Short Circuit tests.

Two-Dimensional Modelling and Simulation of Crystalline Silicon n+pp+ Solar Cell

2012 ◽  
Vol 260-261 ◽  
pp. 154-162
Author(s):  
S. Tobbeche ◽  
M.N. Kateb
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
The Other ◽  
Electrical Characteristics

In this work, we present the simulation results of the technological parameters and the electrical characteristics of a crystalline silicon n+pp+ solar cell, using two-dimension (2D) software, namely TCAD Silvaco (Technology Computer Aided Design). TCAD Silvaco Athena is used to simulate various stages of the technology manufacturing, while TCAD Silvaco Atlas is used for the simulation of the electrical characteristics and the spectral response of the solar cell. The J-V characteristics and the external quantum efficiency (EQE) are simulated under AM 1.5 illumination. The conversion efficiency(η)of 16.06% is reached and the other characteristic parameters are simulated: the open circuit voltage (Voc) is of 0.63 V, the short circuit current density (Jsc) equals 30.54 mA/cm² and the form factor (FF) is of 0.83 for the n+pp+ solar cell with a silicon nitride antireflection layer (Si3N4). In order to highlight the importance of the back surface field (BSF), a comparison between two cells, one without BSF (structure n+p), the other with one BSF (structure n+pp+), was made. By creating a BSF on the rear face of the cell the short circuit current density increases from 28.55 to 30.54 mA/cm2, the open circuit voltage from 0.6 to 0.63 V and the conversion efficiency from 14.19 to 16.06%. A clear improvement of the spectral response is obtained in wavelengths ranging from 0.65 to 1.1 µm for the solar cell with BSF.

scholarly journals Improvement of CISSe / CdS / ZnO Structure Performance by SCAPS-1D.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Eddin Lachhab ◽  
A. Bliya ◽  
E. Al Ibrahmi ◽  
L. Dlimi
Keyword(s):  
Fill Factor ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gap Energy ◽  
Progressive Improvement ◽  
Circuit Density ◽  
Absorbent Layer

Abstract This manuscript presents an optimization of the performances of the CISSe/CdS/ZnO structure. 12 tests were performed for each layer on thickness, gap energy and temperature using SCAPC-1D. Numerical data were compiled with the open circuit voltage, the short circuit density, the fill factor and the efficiency. The results obtained are confirmed with the measurements illustrated in the literature. The analyses indicate a progressive improvement in the performance of the structure for each test; an efficiency of 28.8 % was recorded for the CISSe layer while 30.07 % as an efficiency for CdS and 31.47 % for the absorbent layer. On the other hand, an open circuit voltage does not exceed 1.37V for the whole structure.Thus, these results are satisfied and encouraged.

scholarly journals Cheap Sensor Made of Multicrystalline Silicon for Insolation and Temperature Measurements

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Rodziewicz ◽  
Janusz Teneta ◽  
Aleksander Zaremba ◽  
Maria Wacławek
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
The Other ◽  
Silicon Solar Cells ◽  
Temperature Calculation ◽  
Direct Indication ◽  
Indirect Indication

Abstract In the paper some results on measurement of insolation and „real” cell’s temperature carried out with use of standard silicon solar cells are presented. Two identical cells are applied in such a sensor. Short circuit current of one cell is a direct indication of insolation value and open circuit voltage of the other cell is indirect indication of actual sensor’s temperature but in this case more complex formula must be used for temperature calculation.

A study of cometary eruptions through OH radio-lines

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 249-254
Author(s):  
A.M. Silva ◽  
R.D. Miró
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
The Other ◽  
Initial Mass ◽  
Radio Lines ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sudden Rise

AbstractWe have developed a model for theH2OandOHevolution in a comet outburst, assuming that together with the gas, a distribution of icy grains is ejected. With an initial mass of icy grains of 108kg released, theH2OandOHproductions are increased up to a factor two, and the growth curves change drastically in the first two days. The model is applied to eruptions detected in theOHradio monitorings and fits well with the slow variations in the flux. On the other hand, several events of short duration appear, consisting of a sudden rise ofOHflux, followed by a sudden decay on the second day. These apparent short bursts are frequently found as precursors of a more durable eruption. We suggest that both of them are part of a unique eruption, and that the sudden decay is due to collisions that de-excite theOHmaser, when it reaches the Cometopause region located at 1.35 × 105kmfrom the nucleus.

Closing the GAP—A 5Å Scanning Microscope

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
A. V. Crewe
Keyword(s):  
Normal Form ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Scanning Microscope ◽  
Conventional Microscope ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Closing The Gap ◽  
Thermal Sources ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Transmission Microscope

We have become accustomed to differentiating between the scanning microscope and the conventional transmission microscope according to the resolving power which the two instruments offer. The conventional microscope is capable of a point resolution of a few angstroms and line resolutions of periodic objects of about 1Å. On the other hand, the scanning microscope, in its normal form, is not ordinarily capable of a point resolution better than 100Å. Upon examining reasons for the 100Å limitation, it becomes clear that this is based more on tradition than reason, and in particular, it is a condition imposed upon the microscope by adherence to thermal sources of electrons.

Life Beyond 1MeV

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
K.H. Westmacott
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good Case ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The U.S

Life beyond 1MeV – like life after 40 – is not too different unless one takes advantage of past experience and is receptive to new opportunities. At first glance, the returns on performing electron microscopy at voltages greater than 1MeV diminish rather rapidly as the curves which describe the well-known advantages of HVEM often tend towards saturation. However, in a country with a significant HVEM capability, a good case can be made for investing in instruments with a range of maximum accelerating voltages. In this regard, the 1.5MeV KRATOS HVEM being installed in Berkeley will complement the other 650KeV, 1MeV, and 1.2MeV instruments currently operating in the U.S. One other consideration suggests that 1.5MeV is an optimum voltage machine – Its additional advantages may be purchased for not much more than a 1MeV instrument. On the other hand, the 3MeV HVEM's which seem to be operated at 2MeV maximum, are much more expensive.

Can the Academic Self-Concept be Positive and Realistic?

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reimer Kornmann
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Other Hand

Summary: My comment is basically restricted to the situation in which less-able students find themselves and refers only to literature in German. From this point of view I am basically able to confirm Marsh's results. It must, however, be said that with less-able pupils the opposite effect can be found: Levels of self-esteem in these pupils are raised, at least temporarily, by separate instruction, academic performance however drops; combined instruction, on the other hand, leads to improved academic performance, while levels of self-esteem drop. Apparently, the positive self-image of less-able pupils who receive separate instruction does not bring about the potential enhancement of academic performance one might expect from high-ability pupils receiving separate instruction. To resolve the dilemma, it is proposed that individual progress in learning be accentuated, and that comparisons with others be dispensed with. This fosters a self-image that can in equal measure be realistic and optimistic.

Stories and the Self

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Krause ◽  
Markus Appel
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Contrast Effects ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Abstract. Two experiments examined the influence of stories on recipients’ self-perceptions. Extending prior theory and research, our focus was on assimilation effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in line with a protagonist’s traits) as well as on contrast effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in contrast to a protagonist’s traits). In Experiment 1 ( N = 113), implicit and explicit conscientiousness were assessed after participants read a story about either a diligent or a negligent student. Moderation analyses showed that highly transported participants and participants with lower counterarguing scores assimilate the depicted traits of a story protagonist, as indicated by explicit, self-reported conscientiousness ratings. Participants, who were more critical toward a story (i.e., higher counterarguing) and with a lower degree of transportation, showed contrast effects. In Experiment 2 ( N = 103), we manipulated transportation and counterarguing, but we could not identify an effect on participants’ self-ascribed level of conscientiousness. A mini meta-analysis across both experiments revealed significant positive overall associations between transportation and counterarguing on the one hand and story-consistent self-reported conscientiousness on the other hand.

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