scholarly journals VARIACIÓN DE INDICADORES ENTOMOLÓGICOS DE AEDES AEGYPTI Y OTROS CULÍCIDOS (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) EN DOS PARQUES MUNICIPALES DE LA PROVINCIA DE LIMA, PERÚ

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Félix Lacma ◽  
José Iannacone ◽  
Lorena Alvariño
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Aedes Taeniorhynchus

La evaluación de Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) y otros culícidos (Díptera: Culicidae) en parques zonales (PZ ) de Lima Metropolitana, Perú con técnicas entomológicas permite obtener información para s la prevención de enfermedades transmitidas por mosquitos en Salud Pública. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la variación de indicadores entomológicos (IE ) de A. aegypti y otros culícidos s (Diptera: Culicidae) en dos parques municipales de la provincia de Lima, Perú. El estudio se realizó en dos PZ de los distritos de Comas – PZSR (Parque Zonal Sinchi Roca) y Villa El Salvador – PZH (Parque zonal s Huascar), Lima, Perú. Se identificaron cuatro especies de culícidos: A. aegypti, Anopheles pseudopunctipennis Theobald, 1901, Culex quinquefasciatus (Say, 1823) and Aedes taeniorhynchus (Wiedemann, 1821). La variación de los IE para ambos PZ es marcada entre noviembre hasta marzo para s s todos los culícidos, con excepción de A. aegypti que presentó índices elevados solo en mayo. Además el índice de recipientes es elevado en julio para PZSR y en febrero para PZH. Se identificó como criadero potencial a los canales y sumideros de caño construidos de concreto con positividad elevada y significativa en ambos PZ . Se establecieron IE por áreas para zonas no residenciales o no urbanas como s s los PZ , basados en IE usados para A. aegypti y empleados para evaluar las variaciones de culícidos en el s s presente trabajo.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF FIVE PERMETHRIN/ PBO 30-30 GROUND ULV INSECTICIDES AGAINST FIELD COLLECTED ADULT AEDES AEGYPTI, AEDES TAENIORHYNCHUS, AND CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS IN MANATEE COUNTY, FLORIDA

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Katie F. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Efficacy Data ◽  
Aedes Taeniorhynchus ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

We investigated five formulations containing synergized permethrin/PBO active ingredients, Biomist® 30-30, Evoluer® 30-30, Kontrol™ 30-30, Permanone® 30-30, and Perm-X™ UL 30-30, to determine whether there was variation in efficacy against caged local field collected adult Aedes aegypti, Aedes taeniorhynchus, and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. Mortality data from field trials with these formulations applied via truck mounted ultra-low volume sprays at mid (113 mL/ha [1.55 oz/A]) and maximum (226 mL/ha [3.10 oz/A]) label rates indicated generally low efficacy against Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus but generally high efficacy against Ae. taeniorhynchus. We discuss potential underlying mechanisms for this variation including effects of meteorology and resistance, and how field-derived efficacy data may be used operationally by mosquito and vector control districts to mitigate cost, environmental impact, and pesticide resistance.

scholarly journals La trampa entomológica Gravid-Aedes Trap, como una alternativa para el monitoreo del mosquito Aedes aegypti, vector del dengue, en las islas Galápagos

Esferas ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Renato Leon ◽  
Andres Ricardo Carrazco Montalvo ◽  
Ivis Alexi Llerena Martillo ◽  
Agustín Hinojosa Gavilanes
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Aedes Taeniorhynchus

El mosquito Aedes aegypti es un insecto díptero de importancia médica y es vector de varios arbovirus, entre ellos el dengue, el chikungunya y el Zika. Esta especie es diurna y está adaptada a vivir cerca del ser humano en ambientes urbanos. En 1988 ocurrió el primer brote epidémico de dengue en Ecuador. Desde entonces, es endémico y ocasiona picos de transmisión cada cuatro o cinco años. En las islas Galápagos, el dengue fue introducido en 2002, cuando se reportaron los primeros casos en la isla Santa Cruz. Luego, un brote epidémico de magnitud ocurrió en 2010 en la isla San Cristóbal y, desde entonces, se reportan casos esporádicos cada año. Pocos casos de chikungunya y de Zika también han sido reportados. En el archipiélago, las medidas para controlar a la población de mosquitos se restringen al control vectorial mediante abatización que elimina las larvas, y fumigación con el insecticida Deltametrina para matar a los adultos. Actualmente, no hay un sistema de monitoreo rutinario de las poblaciones de mosquitos, que se considera crucial para evaluar los métodos de control más adecuados y adoptar las medidas más convenientes para combatir al mosquito vector y disminuir la transmisión de enfermedades. Se presenta la trampa Gravid-Aedes Trap (GAT) como una herramienta de monitoreo pasivo y fácil de usar. Su precio es asequible y no requiere de una fuente de electricidad para funcionar. Estudios de evaluación en Brasil muestran la utilidad de esta trampa para el monitoreo y también para el control vectorial. Se reporta un estudio piloto con 10 trampas GAT que se colocaron en Puerto Baquerizo Moreno, en la isla San Cristóbal, y en Puerto Ayora, en Santa Cruz, para monitorear mosquitos. Los resultados preliminares sugieren que esta metodología puede ser efectiva para colectar Aedes aegypti y, por tanto, de potencial utilidad para complementar las estrategias de control vectorial que se llevan a cabo rutinariamente en las islas Galápagos. Otras especies de mosquitos colectadas fueron Culex quinquefasciatus y Aedes taeniorhynchus. Son necesarios estudios a mayor escala para seguir evaluando la utilidad de esta nueva trampa.

scholarly journals Temporal and Spatial Blood Feeding Patterns of Urban Mosquitoes in the San Juan Metropolitan Area, Puerto Rico

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Matthew W. Hopken ◽  
Limarie J. Reyes-Torres ◽  
Nicole Scavo ◽  
Antoinette J. Piaggio ◽  
Zaid Abdo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Urban Ecosystems ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
San Juan ◽  
Vertebrate Species ◽  
Blood Meals

Urban ecosystems are a patchwork of habitats that host a broad diversity of animal species. Insects comprise a large portion of urban biodiversity which includes many pest species, including those that transmit pathogens. Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) inhabit urban environments and rely on sympatric vertebrate species to complete their life cycles, and in this process transmit pathogens to animals and humans. Given that mosquitoes feed upon vertebrates, they can also act as efficient samplers that facilitate detection of vertebrate species that utilize urban ecosystems. In this study, we analyzed DNA extracted from mosquito blood meals collected temporally in multiple neighborhoods of the San Juan Metropolitan Area, Puerto Rico to evaluate the presence of vertebrate fauna. DNA was collected from 604 individual mosquitoes that represented two common urban species, Culex quinquefasciatus (n = 586) and Aedes aegypti (n = 18). Culex quinquefasciatus fed on 17 avian taxa (81.2% of blood meals), seven mammalian taxa (17.9%), and one reptilian taxon (0.85%). Domestic chickens dominated these blood meals both temporally and spatially, and no statistically significant shift from birds to mammals was detected. Aedes aegypti blood meals were from a less diverse group, with two avian taxa (11.1%) and three mammalian taxa (88.9%) identified. The blood meals we identified provided a snapshot of the vertebrate community in the San Juan Metropolitan Area and have potential implications for vector-borne pathogen transmission.

scholarly journals Ligusticum sinense Nanoemulsion Gel as Potential Repellent against Aedes aegypti, Anopheles minimus, and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 596
Author(s):  
Anuluck Junkum ◽  
Wanchai Maleewong ◽  
Atiporn Saeung ◽  
Danita Champakaew ◽  
Arpaporn Chansang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Anopheles Minimus ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Nanoemulsion Gel ◽  
Fresh Preparation

Ligusticum sinense Oliv. cv. is a species of Umbelliferae (Apiaceae), a large plant family in the order Apiales. In this study, L. sinense hexane extract nanoemulsion gel (LHE-NEG) was investigated for mosquito repellency and compared to the standard chemical, N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET), with the goal of developing a natural alternative to synthetic repellents in protecting against mosquito vectors. The results demonstrated that LHE-NEG afforded remarkable repellency against Aedes aegypti, Anopheles minimus, and Culex quinquefasciatus, with median protection times (MPTs) of 5.5 (4.5–6.0), 11.5 (8.5–12.5), and 11.25 (8.5–12.5) h, respectively, which was comparable to those of DEET-nanoemulsion gel (DEET-NEG: 8.5 (7.0–9.0), 12.0 (10.0–12.5), and 12.5 (10.0–13.5) h, respectively). Evaluation of skin irritation in 30 human volunteers revealed no potential irritant from LHE-NEG. The physical and biological stability of LHE-NEG were determined after being kept under heating/cooling cycle conditions. The stored samples of LHE-NEG exhibited some changes in appearance and differing degrees of repellency between those kept for 3 and 6 heating/cooling cycles, thus providing slightly shorter MPTs of 4.25 (4.0–4.5) and 3.25 (2.5–3.5) h, respectively, when compared to those of 5.0 (4.5–6.0) h in fresh preparation. These findings encourage commercially developed LHE-based products as an alternative to conventional synthetic repellents in preventing mosquito bites and helping to interrupt mosquito-borne disease transmission.

scholarly journals Behavioural response of mosquito vectors Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus to synthetic pyrethroid and organophosphorus-based slow-release insecticidal paint

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Dhiman ◽  
Kavita Yadav ◽  
B. N. Acharya ◽  
Raj Kumar Ahirwar ◽  
D. Sukumaran
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Anopheles Stephensi ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Escape Time ◽  
Behavioural Avoidance ◽  
Vector Mosquito ◽  
Contact Exposure

Abstract Background The direct toxicological impact of insecticides on vector mosquitoes has been well emphasized; however, behavioural responses such as excito-repellency and physical avoidance as a result of insecticide exposure have not been much studied. We have demonstrated the excito-repellency and behavioural avoidance in certain vector mosquito species on exposure to a slow-release insecticidal paint (SRIP) formulation in addition to direct toxicity. Methods A SRIP formulation developed by the Defence Research and Development Establishment, Gwalior, contains chlorpyriphos, deltamethrin and pyriproxyfen as active insecticides. Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were used to study the excito-repellency response of the formulation. The experiments were performed in a specially designed dual-choice exposure and escape chamber made of transparent polymethyl methacrylate. For the experiments, the SRIP formulation was applied undiluted at a rate of 8 m2 per kg on 15 cm2 metallic surfaces. Mosquitoes were introduced into the exposure chamber, and observations of the movement of mosquitoes into the escape chamber through the exit portal were taken at 1-min intervals for up to 30 min. Results The evaluated formulation displayed strong excito-repellency against all three tested vector mosquito species. Results showed that the ET50 (escape time 50%) for Ae. aegypti, An. stephensi and Cx. quinquefasciatus was 20.9 min, 14.5 min and 17.9 min for contact exposure (CE) respectively. Altogether in CE, the escape rates were stronger in An. stephensi mosquitoes at different time intervals compared to Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. The probit analysis revealed that the determined ET did not deviate from linearity for both non-contact exposure (NCE) and placebo exposure (PE) (χ2 ≤ 7.9; p = 1.0) for Ae. aegypti mosquitoes and for NCE (χ2 = 8.3; p = 1.0) and PE (χ2 = 1.7; p = 1.0) treatments in Cx. quinquefasciatus. Mortality (24 h) was found to be statistically higher (F = 6.4; p = 0.02) in An. stephensi for CE but did not vary for NCE (p ≥ 0.3) and PE (p = 0.6) treatments among the tested mosquito species. Survival probability response suggested that all the three tested species displayed similar survival responses for similar exposures (χ2 ≤ 2.3; p ≥ 0.1). Conclusion The study demonstrates the toxicity and strong behavioural avoidance in known vector mosquito species on exposure to an insecticide-based paint formulation. The combination of insecticides in the present formulation will broaden the overall impact spectrum for protecting users from mosquito bites. The efficacy data generated in the study provide crucial information on the effectiveness of the tested formulation and could be useful in reducing the transmission intensity and disease risk in endemic countries.

Larvicidal and ovicidal activities of phenyl acetic acid isolated from Streptomyces collinus against Culex quinquefasciatus Say and Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae)

2021 ◽  
pp. 108120
Author(s):  
Appadurai Daniel Reegan ◽  
Pachaiyappan Saravana Kumar ◽  
Antony Cruz Asharaja ◽  
Chitra Devi ◽  
Sithi Jameela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Phenyl Acetic Acid ◽  
Streptomyces Collinus

scholarly journals Registro de Culicidae de importância epidemiológica na área rural de Manaus, Amazonas

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 658-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria das Graças Vale Barbosa ◽  
Nelson Ferreira Fé ◽  
Alexandre Herculano Ribera Marcião ◽  
Ana Paula Thomé da Silva ◽  
Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Anopheles Darlingi

A biodiversidade da Região Amazônica inclui diversas espécies de vetores artrópodes em seus diferentes ecótopos, possibilitando o surgimento de doenças como malária, filarioses e arboviroses. De agosto de 2001 a julho de 2002, realizou-se coletas de culicídeos no domicílio, peridomicílio e nas matas da Comunidade São João, área rural de Manaus, Amazonas. Foram capturados 1.240 culicídeos, pertencentes às subfamílias Culicinae (99%) e Anophelinae (1%), somando 50 espécies. O predomínio entre as tribos foi nitidamente de Culicini, com 904 (72,9%) exemplares, destacando-se as espécies Culex usquatus (22,6%) e Culex quinquefasciatus (17,7%). Do total de culicídeos, 1.077 (86,9%) exemplares foram capturados no interior das matas, 101 (8,1%) no peridomicílio e 62 (5%) no intradomicílio. O ecótopo com maior diversidade de espécies foi a mata. Assinalou-se a presença de Anopheles darlingi, Anopheles triannulatus, Aedes aegypti, Haemagogus janthinomys e outros vetores comprovados ou potenciais.

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