scholarly journals Ligusticum sinense Nanoemulsion Gel as Potential Repellent against Aedes aegypti, Anopheles minimus, and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 596
Author(s):  
Anuluck Junkum ◽  
Wanchai Maleewong ◽  
Atiporn Saeung ◽  
Danita Champakaew ◽  
Arpaporn Chansang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Anopheles Minimus ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Nanoemulsion Gel ◽  
Fresh Preparation

Ligusticum sinense Oliv. cv. is a species of Umbelliferae (Apiaceae), a large plant family in the order Apiales. In this study, L. sinense hexane extract nanoemulsion gel (LHE-NEG) was investigated for mosquito repellency and compared to the standard chemical, N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET), with the goal of developing a natural alternative to synthetic repellents in protecting against mosquito vectors. The results demonstrated that LHE-NEG afforded remarkable repellency against Aedes aegypti, Anopheles minimus, and Culex quinquefasciatus, with median protection times (MPTs) of 5.5 (4.5–6.0), 11.5 (8.5–12.5), and 11.25 (8.5–12.5) h, respectively, which was comparable to those of DEET-nanoemulsion gel (DEET-NEG: 8.5 (7.0–9.0), 12.0 (10.0–12.5), and 12.5 (10.0–13.5) h, respectively). Evaluation of skin irritation in 30 human volunteers revealed no potential irritant from LHE-NEG. The physical and biological stability of LHE-NEG were determined after being kept under heating/cooling cycle conditions. The stored samples of LHE-NEG exhibited some changes in appearance and differing degrees of repellency between those kept for 3 and 6 heating/cooling cycles, thus providing slightly shorter MPTs of 4.25 (4.0–4.5) and 3.25 (2.5–3.5) h, respectively, when compared to those of 5.0 (4.5–6.0) h in fresh preparation. These findings encourage commercially developed LHE-based products as an alternative to conventional synthetic repellents in preventing mosquito bites and helping to interrupt mosquito-borne disease transmission.

scholarly journals Zika mosquito vectors: the jury is still out

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter S. Leal
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Yellow Fever Mosquito ◽  
The Common

After a 40-year hiatus, the International Congress of Entomology (ICE 2016) convened in Orlando, Florida (September 25-30, 2016). One of the symposia at ICE 2016, the Zika Symposium, covered multiple aspects of the Zika epidemic, including epidemiology, sexual transmission, genetic tools for reducing transmission, and particularly vector competence. While there was a consensus among participants that the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, is a vector of the Zika virus, there is growing evidence indicating that the range of mosquito vectors might be wider than anticipated. In particular, three independent groups from Canada, China, and Brazil presented and discussed laboratory and field data strongly suggesting that the southern house mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus, also known as the common mosquito, is highly likely to be a vector in certain environments.

scholarly journals Beauveria bassiana (Clavicipitaceae): a potent fungal agent for controlling mosquito vectors of Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 3838-3851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinnasamy Ragavendran ◽  
Nawal Kishore Dubey ◽  
Devarajan Natarajan
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Anopheles Stephensi ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Laboratory Conditions

The efficacy of bioactive compounds identified from Beauveria bassiana extracts as effective larvicidal and pupicidal agents against Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti mosquito vectors under laboratory conditions are studied.

Toxicity of Ag Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Stearic Acid from Catharanthus roseus Leaf Extract Against Earias vittella and Mosquito Vectors (Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti)

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 2477-2492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manickam Pavunraj ◽  
Kathirvelu Baskar ◽  
Veeramuthu Duraipandiyan ◽  
Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi ◽  
Venkatachalam Rajendran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Ag Nanoparticles ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Earias Vittella ◽  
Mosquito Vectors

scholarly journals Semi-field evaluation of novel chemical lures for Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Anopheles minimus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dae-Yun Kim ◽  
Theerachart Leepasert ◽  
Michael J. Bangs ◽  
Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Entomological Surveillance ◽  
Nocturnal Species

Abstract Background Entomological surveillance is an important means of assessing the efficacy of insect vector management programs and estimating disease transmission thresholds. Among baited traps, Biogents’ BG-Sentinel (BGS) trap baited with BG-Lure is considered to have the most similar outcome to, and be a possible replacement for, human-landing catches for the epidemiologically relevant monitoring of adult Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. In contrast to the BGS trap, the Black Hole ultraviolet (UV) light trap, which is widely used to catch nocturnal flying insects, is not baited with synthetic human odor-mimicking lures. Methods We evaluated the l-lactic acid-based Kasetsart University (KU)-lures nos. 1–6 as novel candidate chemical lures for the diurnal species Ae. aegypti and the nocturnal species Cx. quinquefasciatus using two commercial traps (the BGS trap and the Black Hole UV light trap) in a semi-field screen (SFS) house. Firstly, we optimized the dose of each KU-lure in an SFS house (140 m3). Secondly, six different candidate KU-lures were screened by comparing their percent attraction using a single discriminating dose (0.5 g). Finally, we evaluated the synergism of the KU-lures selected in this way with commercially available traps. Results BGS traps baited with KU-lure no. 1 exhibited the greatest percent attraction for Ae. aegypti (29.5% ± 14.3%), whereas those baited with KU-lure no. 6 most strongly attracted Cx. quinquefasciatus (33.3% ± 10.7%). Interestingly, BGS traps treated with 10 g BG-Lure did not significantly attract more Ae. aegypti or Cx. quinquefasciatus than the untreated BGS traps. CO2 at a flow rate of 250 ml/min most strongly attracted both Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus (42.2% ± 14.2% and 75.1% ± 16.9%, respectively). BGS and Black Hole UV light traps with KU-lure no. 6 exhibited a stronger attraction for Cx. quinquefasciatus than untreated traps, and the percent attraction did not differ between the treated traps. Conclusions Synergistic effects of KU-lures nos. 1 and 6 with the mosquito traps were demonstrated for both the diurnal and nocturnal species in the SFS house assays. However, further studies are urgently needed for the development of species-specific lures to increase trap efficacy in the field for local vector mosquitoes in Thailand. Graphical Abstract

Effect of Solanum lycopersicum leaf extracts against larvicidal activity of Aedes aegypti L.

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-473
Author(s):  
Nityasree B. R. ◽  
Chalannavar R. K. ◽  
Ghosh S. K. ◽  
Divakar M. S. ◽  
Sowmyashree K.
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Alternative Source

Introduction: Aedes mosquitoes are responsible for transmitting various life-threatening diseases all over the world and created a burden to society. Control of mosquito vectors is the key challenge to avoid disease transmission. In this regard, the present work is focused to utilize the agronomical waste of Solanum lycopersicum leaf extracts and to evaluate the larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti. Methods: The qualitative and quantitative screening of S. lycopersicum leaf extracts were carried out. The larvicidal activity of different concentrations were assessed against 3rd instar Ae. aegypti and to determine the morphological effects. The chemical constituents were analysed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Results: The preliminary phytochemical screening of S. lycopersicum leaf extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, phenols and flavonoids. The methanol extract exhibited strong larvicidal activity at 48h treatment with an LC50 value of 20.323mg/ml. The morphological changes revealed that abnormal movement and coiling of treated larvae at 24h. Furthermore, severe damage was noticed in the digestive and respiratory tract of Ae. aegypti larvae at 48h, later on complete mortality was observed. The GC-MS analysis of methanol extract showed chemical constituents such as phytol acetate (42.66%), neophytadiene (29.38%) and other minor compounds. Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be concluded that methanolic leaf extract of S. lycopersicum could be an alternative source to control mosquito vectors and further investigation is strongly suggested in order to utilise this source in many disease-endemic areas.

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