scholarly journals Release of soil phosphorus during runoff as affected by ionic strength and temperature

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markku Yli-Halla ◽  
Helinä Hartikainen
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Langmuir Equation ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
P Release ◽  
Release Capacity ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Labile P ◽  
Reactive Phosphorus

Dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) from two cultivated clay soil samples (Vertic Cambisols) was extracted under conditions simulating the variation in the properties of surface runoff water in the field. DRP was extracted at three temperatures (5, 15 and 25°C), and at different ionic strengths by using deionized water and CaCl2 solutions (0.00005-0.005 M) as extractants. The solution-to-soil ratio varied from 50 to 2000 1 kg-1. Sorption to and desorption from the soils were studied at different temperatures and ionic strengths by determining quantity-intensity (Q/I) plots at the solution-to-soil ratio of 50 l kg-1, and the results were fitted to a modified Langmuir equation: Q = QmaxI/(1/K + I)-Q0 where Q is P sorbed or desorbed, Qmax = maximum P sorption, I = P concentration in the equilibrium solution, K = sorption/desorption equilibrium constant, and Q0 = instantly labile P. The desorption of DRP was depressed by increases in the CaCl2 concentration of the extractant and promoted by widening of the solution-to-soil ratio. At the solution-to-soil ratio of 50 l kg-1, the increase in the temperature from 5 to 25°C raised the DRP release to water from 12.6 to 20.7 mg kg-1 in the Aurajoki soil and from 1.8 to 3.4 mg kg-1 in the Jokioinen soil. In the Aurajoki soil, the constant Q0 of the Langmuir equation responded to the changes of ionic strength and temperature in the same way as did DRP extracted at wide solution-to-soil ratios. However, the P release capacity of both soils was underestimated by the constant Q0.

Influence of pH, Ionic Strength and Temperatureon Adsorption of Lead, Copper and Zinc in Natural Soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 2810-2814
Author(s):  
Feng Jie Zhang ◽  
Xiao Xia Ou ◽  
Chun Qiu Ran ◽  
Yun Na Wu
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Langmuir Equation ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Enthalpy Changes ◽  
Freundlich Equation ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Influence Of Ph

Sorption of Pb, Zn, Cu by natural soils was investigated under conditions of variable pH, ionic strength and temperature. The results obtained from adsorption isotherm indicated that these data can be better fitted with the Freundlich equation than with the Langmuir equation in terms of regression coefficients. The parameters in the adsorption process were influenced greatly by solution pH and ionic strength. The Freundlich parameter KF increased with increasing pH and decreasing ionic strength, but the Freundlich parameter n changed adversely. Thermodynamic parameters of the process were calculated from sorption studies performed at different temperatures, and enthalpy changes (△H°) and entropy changes (△S°) of adsorption were found as -20.70 kJ/mol and 34.76 J/mol.K for Pb(II), -7.762 kJ/mol and 1.139 J/mol.K for Cu(II), -20.60 kJ/mol and 51.93 J/mol.K for Zn(II) respectively, showing that adsorption of Pb2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ on natural soil were exothermic and spontaneous at 5-45°C.

Estimating Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus Concentration in Surface Runoff Water from Major Ontario Soils

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1771-1781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. T. Wang ◽  
T. Q. Zhang ◽  
Q. C. Hu ◽  
C. S. Tan ◽  
I. P. O' Halloran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Reactive Phosphorus

scholarly journals Grazing Systems to Retain and Redistribute Soil Phosphorus and to Reduce Phosphorus Losses in Runoff

Soil Systems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Anish Subedi ◽  
Dorcas Franklin ◽  
Miguel Cabrera ◽  
Amanda McPherson ◽  
Subash Dahal
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Clustering ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Forage Utilization ◽  
Georgia Piedmont

A study of phosphorus accumulation and mobility was conducted in eight pastures in the Georgia piedmont, USA. We compared two potential grazing treatments: strategic-grazing (STR) and continuous-grazing-with-hay-distribution (CHD) from 2015 (Baseline) to 2018 (Post-Treatment) for (1) distribution of Mehlich-1 Phosphorus (M1P) in soil and (2) dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) and total Kjeldahl phosphorus (TKP) in runoff water. STR included rotational grazing, excluding erosion vulnerable areas, and cattle-lure management using movable equipment (hay-rings, shades, and waterers). After three years of treatment, M1P had significantly accrued 6- and 5-fold in the 0–5 cm soil layer and by 2- and 1.6-fold in the 5–10 cm layer for CHD and STR, respectively, compared to Baseline M1P. In STR exclusions, M1P also increased to 10 cm depth post-treatment compared to Baseline. During Post-Treatment, TKP runoff concentrations were 21% and 29% lower, for CHD and STR, respectively, in 2018 compared to 2015. Hot Spot Analysis, a spatial clustering tool that utilizes Getis-Ord Gi* statistic, revealed no change in Post-Treatment CHD pastures, while hotspots in STR pastures had moved from low-lying to high-lying areas. Exclusion vegetation retained P and reduced bulk density facilitating vertical transportation of P deeper into the soil, ergo, soil P was less vulnerable to export in runoff, retained in the soil for forage utilization and reduced export of P to aquatic systems

Predicting environmental soil phosphorus limits for dissolved reactive phosphorus loss

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. T. Wang ◽  
T. Q. Zhang ◽  
I. P. O'halloran ◽  
C. S. Tan ◽  
Q. C. Hu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Loss ◽  
Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Reactive Phosphorus

scholarly journals Effects of Lanthanum Modified Bentonite and Polyaluminium Chloride on the Environmental Variables in the Water and Sediment Phosphorus Form in Lake Yanglan, China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 1947
Author(s):  
Ling Su ◽  
Chen Zhong ◽  
Lei Gan ◽  
Xiaolin He ◽  
Jinlei Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Particulate Phosphorus ◽  
Modified Bentonite ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Phosphorus Form ◽  
Labile P ◽  
Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Polyaluminium Chloride

The application of lanthanum modified bentonite (Phoslock®) and polyaluminium chloride (PAC) is popular in the restoration of European temperate lakes; however, the effects of the application on the concentrations of phosphorus (P) in both the water and the sediments have been poorly evaluated to date. We studied the effects of the application of Phoslock® + PAC on the concentrations of total phosphorus (TP), particulate phosphorus (PP), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), total suspended solids (TSS) and chlorophyll a (Chla) in the water, and different P forms in the sediments, in an isolated part of Lake Yanglan. The results showed that the concentrations of TP, PP, SRP, TSS and Chla decreased significantly after the addition of Phoslock® + PAC. Moreover, the concentrations of labile-P, reductant-soluble-P and organic-P in the sediments were also significantly decreased after the Phoslock® + PAC application. However, the concentrations of both the stable apatite-P and residual-P in the sediments after application of Phoslock® + PAC were much higher than the pre-addition values, while the concentrations of metal-oxide-P did not differ significantly between the pre- and post- application conditions. Our findings imply that the combined application of Phoslock® and PAC can be used in the restoration of subtropical shallow lakes, to reduce the concentrations of P in the water and suppress the release of P from the sediments.

scholarly journals High-Resolution Profiles of Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus in the Porewaters of Lake Sediments Assessed by DGT Technique

2014 ◽  
Vol 05 (08) ◽  
pp. 694-702
Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
Jingtian Zhang ◽  
Qiong Xie ◽  
Fengyu Zan ◽  
Shengpeng Zuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Reactive Phosphorus

scholarly journals Poultry Litter Ash Rate and Placement Affect Phosphorus Dissolution in a Horticultural Substrate1

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-127
Author(s):  
Daniel E. Wells ◽  
Jeffrey S. Beasley ◽  
Edward W. Bush ◽  
Lewis. A. Gaston
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
P Loss ◽  
P Rate ◽  
Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Poultry Litter Ash

Abstract Poultry litter ash (PLA) is a byproduct of bioenergy production and an effective P source for horticultural crops since it reduces P losses from container production due to its low P solubility. Experiments were conducted to determine effects of rate and placement of PLA on P loss from greenhouse crop production and growth and quality of two commonly-grown greenhouse crops, Verbena canadensis Britton ‘Homestead Purple' and Lantana camara L. ‘New Gold', by comparing two rates (140 and 280 g·m−3 P or 0.4 and 0.8 lb·yd−3) and two application methods (post-plant topdressed and pre-plant incorporated). Leachate-dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) concentrations were reduced by an average of 24% as P rate was reduced from 280 to 140 g·m−3, but were 134% less on average when PLA was topdressed instead of incorporated. Foliar P concentrations were less 33% and 44% for verbena and lantana, respectively when plants were topdressed compared to incorporated. Shoot biomass of verbena and lantana was 9% and 24% greater, respectively, when incorporating instead of topdressing PLA. As a P source, PLA should be pre-plant incorporated within the substrate at a total P rate between 140 g·m−3 (0.4 lb·yd−3) and 280 g·m−3 (0.8 lb·yd−3). Index words: phosphorus, poultry litter ash, Verbena canadensis Britton ‘Homestead Purple', Lantana camara L. ‘New Gold', dissolved reactive phosphorus. Species used in this study: ‘Homestead Purple' verbena (Verbena canadensis Britton); ‘New Gold' lantana (Lantana camara L.).

Continuous Flow Analysis Method for Determination of Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus in Ice Cores

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (21) ◽  
pp. 12325-12332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helle Astrid Kjær ◽  
Paul Vallelonga ◽  
Anders Svensson ◽  
Magnus Elleskov L. Kristensen ◽  
Catalin Tibuleac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Continuous Flow Analysis ◽  
Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Reactive Phosphorus
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