scholarly journals Digestibility of amino acids in pig diets containing Eurolysine bacterial protein or Pekilo protein, with special reference to a gas chromatographic method used in amino acid determination

1982 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-285
Author(s):  
Matti Näsi ◽  
Lea Huida
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Bacterial Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Determination ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Method ◽  
Acid Determination

The apparent faecal digestibilities of amino acids were determined in growing pigs on diets in which 50% or 100 % soybean meal supplement was replaced by Eurolysine bacterial protein or Pekilo protein. The trial was conducted as two 3X3 Latin squares with six castrated pigs. Compared with the soybean meal supplement, the Eurolysine diet had lower (P < 0.05) digestibilities of arginine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine and tyrosine. Compared with the Pekilo diet the Eurolysine diet had lower digestibilities (P < 0.05) of alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, leucine, proline and serine. Lysine digestibility was higher on the Eurolysine diet than on the Pekilo diet. A gas chromatographic method used in amino acid determination is described and evaluated.

scholarly journals Determination of free amino acids in plants by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
pp. 7574-7581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena M. Dziągwa-Becker ◽  
Jose M. Marin Ramos ◽  
Jakub K. Topolski ◽  
Wiesław A. Oleszek
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Amino Acid Determination ◽  
Acid Determination

Free amino acid determination in plants by LC-MS/MS.

ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS IN MICROORGANISMS

1957 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Reusser ◽  
J. F. T. Spencer ◽  
H. R. Sallans
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Cellular Protein ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Amino Acid Determination ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Acid Determination

The cells of 19 species of bacteria, actinomyces, and yeasts were analyzed for protein and essential amino acids. A rapid quantitative method for amino acid determination using one-dimensional paper chromatography was developed. The cellular protein from all species contained relatively high concentrations of lysine, somewhat lower concentrations of tryptophan and threonine, and very low concentrations of methionine. All of the 10 essential amino acids were found in each species tested, although individual differences in the relative and absolute amounts were observed.

GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR THE SEPARATION AND ESTIMATION OF AMINO ACID DERIVATIVES

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. Hagen ◽  
W. Black
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Amino Acid Derivatives ◽  
Constant Proportion ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Method

It has been possible to prepare the N-trifluoroacetyl methyl esters of the 19 amino acids commonly found in proteins and to separate them by gas chromatography on two types of column, Carbowax 1540 and Carbowax 20M. There is a constant relation between the amount of each amino acid and the size of the recorded peak. This indicates either that the conversion to the derivative is quantitative or that a constant proportion of each amino acid is converted to its N-trifluoroacetyl methyl ester.

scholarly journals The direct and difference procedures result in similar estimates for amino acid digestibility in feed ingredients fed to growing pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryane S F Oliveira ◽  
John K Htoo ◽  
Hans H Stein
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Wheat Middlings ◽  
The Difference

Abstract An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that values for standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) in corn, wheat, and wheat middlings obtained using the direct procedure are not different from values obtained using the difference procedure. Sixteen ileal-cannulated barrows (initial BW: 69.5 ± 5.0 kg) were allotted to a replicated 8 × 4 Youden Square design with 8 diets and 4 periods. Each period consisted of 5 d of adaptation to the diet and 2 d of collection of ileal digesta. Four diets were based on soybean meal (SBM), corn, wheat, or wheat middlings as the only AA-containing ingredients. Three additional diets were based on a mixture of SBM and corn, SBM and wheat, or SBM and wheat middlings, and an N-free diet was also used. The apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and the SID of crude protein (CP) and AA for the 4 diets containing SBM, corn, wheat, or wheat middlings as the sole source of AA were calculated using the direct procedure. The AID and SID of CP and AA for the 3 mixed diets containing SBM and corn, wheat, or wheat middlings were also calculated and the contribution of digestible AA from SBM was subtracted from the AID or SID values for the diets. The AID or SID of AA in corn, wheat, and wheat middlings were subsequently calculated by difference. Results indicated that the AID values for a few AA were lower (P &lt; 0.05) if the direct procedure was used instead of the difference procedure, regardless of ingredient. The AID of Trp was greater in corn and wheat middlings, and the SID of Trp in corn and wheat middlings tended to be greater, if the direct procedure rather than the difference procedure was used, but that was not the case for wheat (interaction, P &lt; 0.05 and P &lt; 0.10, respectively). However, for all other indispensable AA, and for most of the dispensable AA, the SID of AA in corn, wheat, and wheat middlings was not different between the difference procedure and the direct procedure. Therefore, values for SID of AA in cereal grains and fiber-rich ingredients may be determined using either the direct or the difference procedure.

scholarly journals 160 Effects of dietary amino acid concentration on digestibility of amino acids in soybean meal and soy protein concentrate fed to growing pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 65-66
Author(s):  
Su A Lee ◽  
Hans H Stein
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Soy Protein Concentrate ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Dietary Amino Acid ◽  
Quadratic Effects

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of AA by growing pigs is not influenced by dietary AA. In Exp. 1, thirty cannulated pigs (BW:31.4 ± 3.9 kg) were allotted to 5 diets. Four diets were formulated to contain 4.7 to 30.4% CP, by including 10, 30, 50, or 70% soybean meal. An N-free diet was used to determine the basal endogenous losses of CP and AA. The model included diet as a fixed variable and polynomial contrasts were used to test linear and quadratic effects of dietary AA. The SID of CP, Lys, Phe, and Thr decreased linearly (P &lt; 0.05) as dietary AA increased (Table 1). However, this effect was primarily a result of the SID of AA in the diet containing 30.4% CP and the SID of CP and most AA was not affected by dietary AA if diets contained 4.7 to 22.1% CP. In Exp. 2, twenty-four cannulated pigs (BW:22.8 ± 1.7 kg) were used. Pigs were allotted to a quadruplicated 6 × 2 Youden square design with 6 diets and 2 periods. Five diets were formulated to contain 6.8 to 31.8% CP, by including 10, 20, 30, 40, or 50% soy protein concentrate. An N-free diet was also used. Data were analyzed as for Exp. 1. The SID of His and Lys decreased quadratically (P &lt; 0.05) with increased dietary AA (Table 2). However, if dietary CP was 26.6% or less, no effect of dietary AA on SID of CP and most indispensable AA was observed. In conclusion, the SID of most AA is not influenced by dietary AA if dietary CP does not exceed around 26%. Hence, the SID of AA in feed ingredients may be determined in diets containing AA below, at, or slightly above requirements without impacting results.

scholarly journals AVAILABILITY OF AMINO ACIDS FROM BARLEY, WHEAT, TRITICALE, AND SOYBEAN MEAL FOR GROWING PIGS

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. SAUER ◽  
P. M. GIOVANNETTI ◽  
S. C. STOTHERS
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Available P ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Fecal Analysis

Amino acid (AA) availabilities from barley, wheat, triticale and soybean meal for barrows weighing 10 and 30 kg were determined by the fecal analysis method. In general, the true availability of each essential AA decreased in the following order: soybean meal > triticale > wheat > barley. Lysine was the least available (P < 0.05) essential AA from the cereal grains. When pigs were fed either triticale, wheat or barley, the respective lysine availabilities were 86, 81 and 77% (10-kg barrows) and 78, 67 and 65% (30-kg barrows). Availabilities of isoleucine, methionine, threonine and valine were similar and were grouped as the next least available essential AA from the cereal grains. Their availabilities varied between 90–92, 87–90 and 85–88% for the 10-kg pigs and between 87–88, 85–86 and 82–85% for the 30-kg pigs fed triticale, wheat and barley, respectively. Methionine was the least available essential AA (86.3%) from soybean meal for the 30-kg barrows. However, the availability of methionine was not significantly different (P < 0.05) from those of lysine, threonine and valine.

PURIFICATION AND PARTIAL CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SHEEP NEUROPHYSIN

1973 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Chrétien ◽  
Claude Gilardeau
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Terminal Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Determination ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Terminal Amino ◽  
Partial Chemical ◽  
Acid Determination

ABSTRACT A protein isolated from ovine pituitary glands has been purified, and its homogeneity assessed by NH2- and COOH-terminal amino acid determination, ultracentrifugation studies, and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis after carboxymethylation. Its chemical and immunochemical properties are closely similar to those of beef and pork neurophysins, less similar to those of human neurophysins. It contains no tryptophan (like other neurophysins) or histidine (like all except bovine neurophysin-I and human neurophysins). It has alanine at the NH2-terminus and valine at the COOH-terminus. Its amino acid composition is similar to, but not identical with those of porcine and bovine neurophysins.

scholarly journals PSIV-21 Pellet processing reduces variability of corn soybean meal-based diet digestibility in growing pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 175-175
Author(s):  
Élisabeth Chassé ◽  
Frédéric Guay ◽  
Marie-Pierre Létourneau-Montminy
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crossover Design ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Distal Ileum ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Pelleted Diet ◽  
The One

Abstract This study was conducted to determine the effect of pelleting on the digestibility of corn-soybean meal-based diet in growing pigs. Two trials with 6 pigs cannulated at the distal ileum were conducted. In each trial, pigs were assigned to each treatment following a crossover design. In each experiment, the same diet, composed of corn and soybean meal with 10% wheat from two different feed mills, was served in pellet or mash form. Pelleting allowed an increase in digestibility in one of the trials. Apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and digestible energy (DE) were improved with pelleting by 8, 12 and 9% (P&lt; 0.01). The AID of amino acids (AA) was also improved (P&lt; 0.05). Apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) was increased by pelleting in DM, CP and DE by 5, 7 and 6% respectively (P&lt; 0.01). The digestibility of the mash diet in experiment 1 was lower than in the pelleted diet in the experiment 1 and both diets in experiment 2 as shown by the interaction Pelleting X Trial which was significant for the AID and ATTD of DM, CP and DE (P&lt; 0.01). Therefore, in experiment 1, pelleting allows to improve the digestibility of diet to the same level as in experiment 2. The AID of CP was higher by 37% in the mash diet from the second experiment compared to the one in the first experiment. Even though the same ingredients were chosen in the two experiments, this shows the variability in digestibility existing between different feed mills and ingredient sources. This difference was not observed in pelleted diets. The results obtained in these two trials show that pelleting can reduce the variability of digestibility and then give a good digestibility of diets even if the ingredients are of different quality or sources.

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