scholarly journals Feed efficiency and its development in animal production

1977 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 374-381
Author(s):  
Lauri Kettunen
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Balance Sheets ◽  
Pork Production ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Conversion Rates ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate

Feed conversion rates and their development are needed for the determination of the total animal production after the total feed production is known or forecast. The feed conversion rates for the period 1971—75 were estimated from the feed balance sheets which show the feed use for different animal production lines. They form the basis for the forescasts of the coefficients for 1975-85. Feed efficiency in milk production is expected to improve by 3 per cent from 0.837 to 0.811 feed units per litre of milk in ten years by 1985. This is a result of the increase of the average yields and average weight of cows; the proportion of the feed needed for the maintenance of the cow decreases. In beef production the feed efficiency is expected to worsen, from 12.0 to 13,8 feed units per kg due to the increase of average slaughter weights. If the slaughter weights do not rise as much as predicted (from 160 to 190 kg in ten years), the feed conversion rate will not increase as predicted. In pork production the feed efficiency is expected to improve from 5.28 to 4.77 feed units per kg and in broiler production from 4.00 to 3.60 feed units per kg. All values presented above are gross estimates, i.e. they include the waste in handling and feeding. The error of the coefficients may be several per cents but it cannot be specified. The possible error has to be kept in mind when the conversion rate estimates are applied.

scholarly journals Research on the Influence of the Light and Sexing on Growth Performance and Slaughter Results at Young Quails from Mixed Baloteşti Population of Eggs-Meat

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Lucian IONITA ◽  
Elena POPESCU-MICLOSANU ◽  
George NICA ◽  
Cornel Octavian PANA
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate ◽  
Average Weight Gain ◽  
Experimental Group

The purposes of determining the influence of the light and sexing on growth performance and slaughter results atyoung quails from Balotesti population, was organized an experiment on 150 quails, betwen age of 28 and 70 days. The chicks were divided into two groups (control and experimental), and growth and slaughter performance were determined separately by sex. Have studied 2 lighting programs, a program of continous lighting with photoperiod duration of 16 hours (16 L + 8 N, control group) and a program with lighting with asymetric hours intervals with photoperiod duration of 16 hours (10L+2N+6L+6N, experimental group).Males and females from the experimental group were recorded average performance of growth high during the period 28 - 70 days. Live weight at age of 70 days was higher with 7.54 %, average weight gain was higher with 14.86 % and feed conversion rate was lower with 13.51 % at males from experimental group compared to males from the control group. Also, the live weight at the age of 70 days was higher with 18.09 %; average weight gain was higher with 35.12 %, while feed conversion rate was reduced with 30.08 % on females from the experimental group compared to females from the control group.The results of the slaughter at 70 days were superior in the caseof females from the both groups versus males. The average weight of the carcase was higher with 17.53 % in case of the females than that of males from the experimental group, and the carcase yield was 65.37 % at the females and 65.56 % for males. Also, the average weight of the carcase was higher with 5.08 % in case of females compared to that males from the control group, and the carcase yield was 64.20 % to females 66.70 % on males.Superior results recorded in the case of females and males from the experimental group recommended the program of lighting with asymmetric hours intervals in the growth of youth quail. Also, the higher slaughter results recorded in the case of females of the two groups recommended them in the meat production through a broiler of quail that combine advantages in the production of both males and females. 

scholarly journals Efficiency and profitability in pork production

1986 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Olli Rantala
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Pork Production ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate ◽  
Successful Production

Under prevailing production restrictions the profitability of agricultural production increasingly depends not only on prices of products and inputs, but on how effectively and economically the existing capacity and animal breeds are utilized on farms. The technical efficiency of pork production in Finland is generally high. The average feed conversion rate on farms is only about 16 % lower and daily liveweight gain 20 % less than results from experimental stations. Variation between farms is, however, considerable. The means of technical results between the best and poorest farms differ by 20—30 %. Results also tend to deteriorate and relative deviations increase, especially in large piggeries. The average gross margin percentage was 12 %. Variation in the gross margin per pig was wider between farms than between years. The feed conversion efficiency proved to be the most significant factor contributing to profitability in pork production. Variation in the feed conversion rate accounted for 30 % of total variation in the gross margin. Cost variation was one third larger than the variation of total receipts per pig. The cost of feed varied twice as much as piglet cost. Since the genetic quality of animals in a given region is rather even, variations in productivity depend upon internal factors of piggeries. The large variation in efficiency and profitability over farms emphasizes the human factor i.e. the role of the farmer as the most important factor contributing to successful production.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF FEEDING RATES IN THE PRODUCTION OF LITOPENAEUS VANNAMEI SHRIMP USING ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATES

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
César Rocha Nunes Antunes ◽  
Carlos Alberto da Silva Ledo ◽  
Clóvis Matheus Pereira ◽  
José dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Artificial Substrates ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the the influence of feeding rate and different artificial substrates on both the water quality and growth performance of Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp. The experimental design was randomized blocks with five treatments and four replicates, with a density of 30 shrimp m-2 and mean weight of 2.8 g. The experiment lasted 49 days, and during this period, artificial substrates did not influence the water quality. The increase in the feeding rate influenced the dissolved oxygen of treatments. The final average weight, average final length, final biomass, productivity, and feed conversion rate showed significant differences (p > 0.05). The best food conversion factor was provided by the treatment with a feeding rate of 2%. The treatment with a feeding rate of 4% of biomass showed the best growth performance, except for the feed conversion rate. Results showed that for the percentage of 25% of the area of artificial substrates, there is an optimum feeding rate of between 5.13% and 5.54% of shrimp biomass, resulting in maximum production.

PSXV-8 The study of feeding behavior traits in connection to feed efficiency in duroc boars bred in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 259-259
Author(s):  
Anna A Belous ◽  
Alexander A Sermyagin ◽  
Natalia A Zinovieva
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Intake Rate ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Testing Period ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate

Abstract The study of feeding behavior is of particular interest because it is directly related to efficiency of feeding. The aim of our study was to determine the genetic parameters of the feeding behavioral traits in Duroc boars (n = 766) in relation to the feed efficiency based on the analysis of variation components. Genstar and Shauer feeders were used to collect the behavioral data, including daily feed intake (DFI), total daily time spent in feeder (TPD), number of daily visits to feeder (NVD), average duration of each visit (TPV), feed intake per visit (FPV), and feed intake rate (FR). Genetic and environmental variabilities were determined by the mixed model equation using the REMLF90 program. Multiple regression analyses were used to adjust feed conversion rate (FCR) for the duration of the testing period, initial and final body weight, and average daily gain. The average initial body weight was 35.7 kg and the duration of testing period was 78.1 days. Actual FCR values reached 2.20 kg/kg with a phenotypic variability of 26.3%. Moderate values of heritability coefficients (h2) were observed for TPV (h2=0.168), FCR (h2=0.214), and DFI (h2=0.221) traits. The heritability parameters for FPV and TPD traits were higher and accounted to 0.269 and 0.290, respectively. The highest value of h2 was observed for NVD (0.494). Analyses of genetic correlations revealed several interesting findings. The boars, which more often visited feeding stations, spent more time in feeder (r2=+0.536 for NVD/TPD), herewith duration of each visit and feed intake rate were decreased (r2=–0.593 and –0.760 for NVD/TPV and NVD/FR, respectively). Feed conversion rate was positively correlated with TPD (r2=+0.530) and negatively correlated with FR (r2=–0,772). Our research results will be useful for development of artificial selection programs to select Duroc pigs for increased feeding efficiency. The study was supported by RFBR No19-316–90008.

scholarly journals Enterococcus faecium PNC01 isolated from the intestinal mucosa of chicken as an alternative for antibiotics to reduce feed conversion rate in broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang He ◽  
Xuan Liu ◽  
Yuanyang Dong ◽  
Jiaqi Lei ◽  
Koichi Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Production ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate

Abstract Background The development and utilization of probiotics had many environmental benefits for replacing antibiotics in animal production. Bacteria in the intestinal mucosa have better adhesion to the host intestinal epithelial cells compared to bacteria in the intestinal contents. In this study, lactic acid bacteria were isolated from the intestinal mucosa of broiler chickens and investigated as the substitution to antibiotic in broiler production. Results In addition to acid resistance, high temperature resistance, antimicrobial sensitivity tests, and intestinal epithelial cell adhesion, Enterococcus faecium PNC01 (E. faecium PNC01) was showed to be non-cytotoxic to epithelial cells. Draft genome sequence of E. faecium PNC01 predicted that it synthesized bacteriocin to perform probiotic functions and bacteriocin activity assay showed it inhibited Salmonella typhimurium from invading intestinal epithelial cells. Diet supplemented with E. faecium PNC01 increased the ileal villus height and crypt depth in broiler chickens, reduced the relative length of the cecum at day 21, and reduced the relative length of jejunum and ileum at day 42. Diet supplemented with E. faecium PNC01 increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus, decreased the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the cecal microbiota. Conclusion E. faecium PNC01 replaced antibiotics to reduce the feed conversion rate. Furthermore, E. faecium PNC01 improved intestinal morphology and altered the composition of microbiota in the cecum to reduce feed conversion rate. Thus, it can be used as an alternative for antibiotics in broiler production to avoid the adverse impact of antibiotics by altering the gut microbiota. Graphic Abstract

Performance of the house cricket (Acheta domesticus) on by-product diets in small-scale production

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
J.M. Sorjonen ◽  
M. Karhapää ◽  
S. Holm ◽  
A. Valtonen ◽  
H. Roininen
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
House Cricket ◽  
Current Production ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate ◽  
By Products

As insect farming is becoming more popular in Europe and in the US, the use of food industry by-products in insects’ feed is drawing more attention. However, it is still unclear how to maximise the use of by-products in the feeds while meeting the nutritional requirements and maintaining profitable rearing yields with the current production technology. In this study, we conducted an experiment in Finnish small-scale cricket farming and laboratory conditions to determine whether five diet treatments, including by-product diets with barley mash and turnip rape, modify the overall fresh yield (kg), development time and feed conversion rate of the house crickets (Acheta domesticus). We discovered that the diets differed in the overall fresh cricket yield (kg) but not in the development time or the feed conversion rate of the crickets. The diets with a high proportion of by-product decreased the price of the feed but at the same time reduced the yield. Based on our results, complex by-product diets with the by-product proportion of 20-41% are the most suitable for house cricket rearing.

scholarly journals The affection of fine bubbles (FBs) aplication on growth, feed efficiency of striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878) and water quality in aquaponic system

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-290
Author(s):  
Yuli Andriani ◽  
Zahidah Zahidah ◽  
Rosidah Rosidah ◽  
Iskandar Iskandar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Suitable Condition ◽  
Plant Productivity ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Pangasianodon Hypophthalmus ◽  
Randomized Design

This research aims to determine the effect of fine bubble technology with different pressures on Siamese catfish seed's growth and feed efficiency in an aquaponic system. This research used a completely randomized design with four treatments and three replications. Treatment A (Control), Treatment B (FBs with a pressure of 4.5 atm), Treatment C (FBs with a pressure of 5 atm and treatment D (FBs with a pressure of 5.5 atm). The parameters observed were Specific Growth Rate, Feed Conversion Ratio, water quality (temperature, pH, DO, and ammonia), and plant productivity.  The seeds used were catfish seeds aged 16-36 days, 1-2 inches long, and weighed 0.26-0.29 grams. The container used is a fiber tub of 16 units with a size of 70 cm x 70cm x 70 cm. The feed used is commercial feed PF 1000 content crude protein 35%. The data were analyzed using variance with the F test at the 95% confidence level. The best treatment for catfish growth was treatment D (pressure 5.5 atm), which gave the highest SGR value of 7.24 ± 0.5 and FCR value of 1.19 ± 0.09. The value of water quality parameters is in suitable condition for the growth of catfish seed. The best plant productivity was found in treatment D with an average weight of 60.75 g.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document