scholarly journals A virus disease of oats in Finland similar to oat sterile-dwarf disease

1961 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Katri Ikäheimo
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Leafhopper Vector ◽  
Dwarf Disease ◽  
Dark Green

The leafhopper Calligypona pellucida F. transmits a virus that causes dark green colouration, dwarfing and excessive formation of side-shoots in oats. This disease is similar to oat sterile-dwarf but differs from wheat striate mosaic. The incubation time of oat sterile-dwarf virus in the vector varied from 7 to 37 days. This virus and the wheat striate mosaic virus can infect the same plant simultaneously and seem to overwinter in their leafhopper vector. It seems likely, that oat sterile dwarf became epidemic and caused great losses in yields of oats during some years of 1950 in western Finland.

scholarly journals The Incidence and Genetic Diversity of Apple Mosaic Virus (ApMV) and Prune Dwarf Virus (PDV) in Prunus Species in Australia

Viruses ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wycliff Kinoti ◽  
Fiona Constable ◽  
Narelle Nancarrow ◽  
Kim Plummer ◽  
Brendan Rodoni
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Prunus Species ◽  
Prune Dwarf Virus

Virus Vector Relationship of Yellow Mosaic Virus and Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in Soybean

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Swathi ◽  
Neeta Gaur ◽  
Kamendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Virus Vector ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Starvation Period ◽  
Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Biological Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

Background: Whitefly is one of the most destructive sucking pest in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world and causing significant crop losses directly by sucking sap from the plants and indirectly through the transmission of viral diseases specifically caused by the genus Begomovirus. The Begomovirus species viz., Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) and Mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) are causing yellow mosaic virus disease in soybean, which is transmitted by whiteflies. The disease accounts to 30-70 per cent yield loss and increases up to 80 - 100 per cent during severe incidence. Hence, there is a need for development of integrated pest management strategies against disease and whiteflies, for this the knowledge on virus-vector relationship is required. But, the studies on biological relationship of yellow mosaic virus disease and whitefly in soybean are scarce. At this juncture, considering the importance of disease in soybean, the present investigation was carried out to know the virus -vector relationship of the YMV and whitefly in soybean.Methods: The experiment on virus-vector relationship of yellow mosaic virus and whitefly in soybean was conducted at Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand during 2016-17. The data on number of whiteflies per plant, acquisition and inoculation access feeding period and pre and post starvation period required for effective transmission of virus was recorded.Result: A single viruliferous whitefly was able to transmit virus and ten viruliferous whiteflies per plant were required for cent per cent transmission of virus. The minimum acquisition access and inoculation access feeding periods required for virus transmission was 0.25h (15 min) each; while the 100 per cent virus transmission was recorded with acquisition and inoculation period of 12h, each. The per cent transmission was increased with the increase of acquisition and inoculation periods. The rate of transmission was positively correlated with pre-acquisition starvation period and negatively correlated with post- acquisition starvation period.

A mosaic virus disease of sugar beet in Israel

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-79
Author(s):  
Edna Tanne ◽  
Y. Antignus ◽  
L. Nave
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Virus Disease

scholarly journals Short communication: Pepino mosaic virus, a new threat for Serbia’s tomatoes

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. e10SC05
Author(s):  
Ivana Stankovic ◽  
Ana Vucurovic ◽  
Katarina Zecevic ◽  
Branka Petrovic ◽  
Danijela Ristic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Pepino Mosaic Virus ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Infected Tomato ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Das Elisa

Aim of study: To report the occurrence of Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) on tomato in Serbia and to genetically characterize Serbian PepMV isolates.Area of study: Tomato samples showing virus-like symptoms were collected in the Bogojevce locality (Jablanica District, Serbia).Material and methods: Collected tomato samples were assayed by DAS-ELISA using antisera against eight economically important or quarantine tomato viruses. Three selected isolates of naturally infected tomato plants were mechanically transmitted to tomato ‘Novosadski jabučar’ seedlings. For confirmation of PepMV infection, RT-PCR was performed using specific primers PepMV TGB F/PepMV UTR R. Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree was constructed with 47 complete CP gene sequences of PepMV to determine the genetic relationship of Serbian PepMV isolates with those from other parts of the world.Main results: The results of DAS-ELISA indicated the presence of PepMV in all tested samples. Mechanically inoculated ‘Novosadski jabučar’ seedlings expressed yellow spots and light and dark green patches, bubbling, and curled leaves. All tested tomato plants were RT-PCR positive for the presence of PepMV. The CP sequence analysis revealed that the Serbian PepMV isolates were completely identical among themselves and shared the highest nucleotide identity of 95.1% (99.2% aa identity) with isolate from Spain (FJ263341). Phylogenetic analysis showed clustering of the Serbian PepMV isolates into CH2 strain, but they formed separate subgroup within CH2 strain.Research highlights: This is the first data of the presence of PepMV in protected tomato production in Serbia. Considering increased incidence and rapid spread in Europe, the presence of PepMV on tomato could therefore represent serious threat to this valuable crop in Serbia.

scholarly journals First Report of Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus Infecting Tomato Crop in Saudi Arabia

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Sabra ◽  
Mohammed Ali Al Saleh ◽  
I. M. Alshahwan ◽  
Mahmoud A. Amer
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Tomato Mosaic Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
First Report ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Leaf Symptoms

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the most economically important member of family Solanaceae and cultivated worldwide and one of the most important crops in Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study is screening of the most common viruses in Riyadh region and identified the presence of tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) in Saudi Arabia. In January 2021, unusual fruit and leaf symptoms were observed in several greenhouses cultivating tomatoes commercially in Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia. Fruit symptoms showed irregular brown spots, deformation, and yellowing spots which render the fruits non-marketable, while the leaf symptoms included mottling, mosaic with dark green wrinkled and narrowing. These plants presented the symptoms similar to those described in other studies (Salem et al., 2015, Luria et al., 2017). A total 45 Symptomatic leaf samples were collected and tested serologically against suspected important tomato viruses including: tomato chlorosis virus, tomato spotted wilt virus, tomato yellow leaf curl virus, tomato chlorotic spot virus, tomato aspermy virus, tomato bushy stunt virus, tomato black ring virus, tomato ringspot virus, tomato mosaic virus, pepino mosaic virus and ToBRFV using Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test (LOEWE®, Biochemica, Germany), according to the manufacturers' instructions. The obtained results showed that 84.4% (38/45) of symptomatic tomato samples were infected with at least one of the detected viruses. The obtained results showed that 55.5% (25/45) of symptomatic tomato samples were found positive to ToBRFV, three out of 25 samples (12%) were singly infected, however 22 out of 45 (48.8%) had mixed infection between ToBRFV and with at least one of tested viruses. A sample with a single infection of ToBRFV was mechanically inoculated into different host range including: Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa, C. album, C. glaucum, Nicotiana glutinosa, N. benthamiana, N. tabacum, N. occidentalis, Gomphrena globosa, Datura stramonium, Solanum lycopersicum, S. nigrum, petunia hybrida and symptoms were observed weekly and the systemic presence of the ToBRFV was confirmed by RT-PCR and partial nucleotide sequence. A Total RNA was extracted from DAS-ELISA positive samples using Thermo Scientific GeneJET Plant RNA Purification Mini Kit. Reverse transcription-Polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was carried out using specific primers F-3666 (5´-ATGGTACGAACGGCGGCAG-3´) and R-4718 (5´-CAATCCTTGATGTG TTTAGCAC-3´) which amplified a fragment of 1052 bp of Open Reading Frame (ORF) encoding the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). (Luria et al. 2017). RT-PCR products were analyzed using 1.5 % agarose gel electrophoresis. RT-PCR products were sequenced in both directions by Macrogen Inc. Seoul, South Korea. Partial nucleotide sequences obtained from selected samples were submitted to GenBank and assigned the following accession numbers: MZ130501, MZ130502, and MZ130503. BLAST analysis of Saudi isolates of ToBRFV showed that the sequence shared nucleotide identities ranged between 98.99 % to 99.50 % among them and 98.87-99.87 % identity with ToBRFV isolates from Palestine (MK881101 and MN013187), Turkey (MK888980, MT118666, MN065184, and MT107885), United Kingdom (MN182533), Egypt (MN882030 and MN882031), Jordan (KT383474), USA (MT002973), Mexico (MK273183 and MK273190), Canada (MN549395) and Netherlands (MN882017, MN882018, MN882042, MN882023, MN882024, and MN882045). To our knowledge, this is the first report of occurrence of ToBRFV infecting tomato in Saudi Arabia which suggests its likely introduction by commercial seeds from countries reported this virus and spread in greenhouses through mechanical means. The author(s) declare no conflict of interest. Keywords: Tomato brown rugose fruit virus, tomato, ELISA, RT-PCR, Saudi Arabia References: Luria N, et al., 2017. PLoS ONE 12(1): 1-19. Salem N, et al., 2015. Archives of Virology 161(2): 503-506. Fig. 1. Symptoms caused by ToBRFV showing irregular brown spots, deformation, yellowing spots on fruits (A, B, C) and bubbling and mottling, mosaic with dark green wrinkled and narrowing on leaf (D).

Occurrence of Viruses in Wheat in the Great Plains Region, 2008

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Burrows ◽  
Gary Franc ◽  
Charlie Rush ◽  
Tamla Blunt ◽  
Dai Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
First Time

Field surveys in 2008 determined the prevalence and diversity of viruses present in the Great Plains wheat crops. Symptomatic plants (n = 754) in nine states were tested for Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), Wheat mosaic virus (WMoV, formerly known as High Plains virus), Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV), Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV), and Cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV (CYDV-RPV), using indirect ELISA. Virus prevalence varied greatly, with average frequency of detection highest for WSMV (47%), followed by WMoV (19%), TriMV (17%), BYDV-PAV (7%), and lowest for CYDV-RPV (2%). Most positive plant samples (37%) had one virus present, with decreasing frequencies for co-infection by two (19%), three (5%), or four viruses (1%). TriMV was detected for the first time in Colorado, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming. WMoV was identified for the first time in Montana and Wyoming. Chlorotic streaks were more frequently associated with WSMV, WMoV, and TriMV (R = 0.166 to 0.342; P < 0.05), and stunting was more frequently associated with WMoV (R = 0.142; P = 0.004) or TriMV (R = 0.107; P = 0.033) than WSMV. Symptom severity did not increase with co-infection as compared to single virus infections, with the exception of plants co-infected with mite transmitted viruses in Texas. Accepted for publication 1 May 2009. Published 6 July 2009.

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