scholarly journals Keholliset ja materiaaliset sananselityssekvenssit aikuisten S2-lukutaito-opiskelijoiden luokkahuonevuorovaikutuksessa

Virittäjä ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Eilola

Tässä artikkelissa analysoidaan multimodaalista keskustelunanalyysia hyödyntäen, miten sanelun jälkeiset sekvenssit rakentuvat aikuisten luku- ja kirjoitustaidon koulutuksen luokkahuoneen vuorovaikutuksessa. Pitkittäinen aineisto on kerätty etnografisesti aikuisten luku- ja kirjoitustaidon koulutuksen yhteydestä sekä luokkahuoneen että arjen vuorovaikutustilanteista kahdeksan kuukauden aikana. Artikkelin aineisto sisältää 68 tuntia videotallenteita.  Artikkelissa osoitetaan, että tyypillisesti huomion kohteeksi tuotu sana aluksi toistetaan, mitä seuraa yhdessä rakennettu multimodaalinen sananselitys. Tämän jälkeen fokusoidaan sanan semantiikkaan ja lopuksi sana taas toistetaan. Sananselitykset koostuvat yleensä ikonisista eleistä tai kehollisista esityksistä. Opiskelija saattaa esimerkiksi demonstroida juomistoimintaa selittääkseen, mihin vesipullo viittaa tai kehollisesti esittää avaavansa oven opettajan kysyttyä, mitä avata-sana tarkoittaa. Näin ollen analyysissa pohditaan, miten ymmärtämistä voidaan osoittaa kehollisilla vuoroilla, kun osallistujien yhteiset kielelliset resurssit ovat vähäiset. Artikkeli tuo uutta tietoa luku- ja kirjoitustaidon koulutuksen sananselitysten rakenteesta ja kehollisten ja materiaalisten resurssien merkityksestä niissä. Lisäksi esitetty analyysi nostaa esiin tarpeen tutkia, miten lukutaito-opiskelijoiden multi­modaalisten resurssien käyttö mahdollisesti muuttuu ja kehittyy ajan kuluessa.   Embodied and material word explanations in adult literacy-training classroom interactions In this article, multimodal conversation analysis is employed to analyse classroom inter­action between users of Finnish as a second language. More specifically, the author investigates the structure of co-constructed multimodal word explanation sequences that occurred after a dictation exercise during a classroom interaction given as part of adult literacy training. Typically, the salient word is repeated, there then follows a co-constructed multimodal word explanation, after which the conversation focuses on the semiotics of the word in question. Finally, students repeat the word again. To explain words, students primarily use embodied resources, most often iconic gestures or embodied enactments. For instance, a student might demonstrate the action of drinking to explain what the word vesipullo (‘water bottle’) refers to, or physically enact opening a door when the teacher has asked what avata (‘to open’) means. The analysis discusses how comprehension is demonstrated in embodied turns in which the participants’ shared linguistic resources are limited. The longitudinal data was collected ethnographically over eight months, both from classroom interactions and everyday encounters with groups of adult second-language and literacy learners in Finland. The data for the article comprises approximately 68 hours of video and audio recordings. The empirical findings of this study present new information about the structure of word-explanation sequences and the role of embodied and material resources used therein. Moreover, they shed light on questions of the role of multimodal resources in second-language and literacy training and call for further research into the development of their use over time.

1985 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Pica ◽  
Catherine Doughty

The shift in language classroom organization from teacher-fronted to student group work has received a growing amount of theoretical and empirical support (cf. Long, 1983; Long, Adams, McLean, and Castanos, 1976; Taylor, 1982). However, this practice is becoming so popular that it is in danger of turning into yet another ESL bandwagon. The following study was conducted, therefore, to evaluate the role of group work in the classroom, specifically in regard to its possible effects on classroom second language acquisition. Comparisons were made of three ESL classrooms during group vs. teacher-fronted classroom interaction on decision-making tasks.Analysis focused on three broad categories: (1) grammaticality of input, (2) negotiation of input, and (3) individual input/production. Significant differences between the two participation patterns were indicated only in the increased amount of input and production for individual students during group interaction. Task, rather than participation pattern was shown to be a more important variable with regard to parameters (1) and (2). These results suggested that group work has a useful but somewhat restricted role in classroom second language acquisition.


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-136
Author(s):  
Irina Petrovska

This paper deals with the politeness strategies potential in subject specific fields and highlights the role of learning politeness strategies as a powerful cognitive tool fundamental to further enhancing the second language learner’s ability to cope with this specialized verbal characteristic in hospitality industry discourse. The paper explores the close interplay between social (extra-linguistic) and structural (linguistic) factors shaping the linguistic idiosyncrasies of English and Macedonian politeness strategies in hospitality industry discourse. It has been argued that the awareness of cross-cultural differences concerning politeness strategies may be exploited as a valuable teaching resource for classroom interaction.


2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-98
Author(s):  
Manel Lacorte

At the present, the analysis of second language (L2) classroom interaction is one of the most productive areas in the field of L2 teaching and learning. This article describes current theoretical and methodological views of classroom interaction, with specific attention to Spanish as a L2. First, the article examines several theoretical positions that outline the role of interaction on L2 acquisition within certain social, cultural, and political contexts. Then, it focuses on some individual and collective factors involved in the interaction between instructors and students within the L2 classroom, and it discusses some of the social and institutional dimensions that may affect the interaction between the diverse participant agents in the teaching of a L2: instructors, students, administrators, family members, academic institutions, etc. Finally, the article suggests possible pedagogical applications derived from a principled knowledge of contextual and ‘local’ interactive processes in classrooms of Spanish as a L2.


1969 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Reynolds ◽  
Robert A. Palmatier ◽  
Curtis Ulmer

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Daniel Dunkley

Sociolinguistics has grown in importance in recent years, and we have become aware of the role of language not just as a means of communication, but also as a creator of social identity. Additionally, in our current globalized world, contact between users of different languages has increased, especially in countries with large immigrant populations. This interview with Dr. Patricia Duff explores the major issues in Language Socialization. Dr. Duff is currently Co-director of the Centre for Research in Chinese Language and Literacy Education at the University of British Columbia, Canada, where she is Professor of Language and Literacy Education. Her primary research activities concern the processes and outcomes of (second) language learning and language socialization in secondary school and university classroom contexts (foreign/second language, bilingual/immersion, mainstream content courses), as well as in workplaces and communities more generally.


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