scholarly journals Ethnic remigration from the former Soviet Union to Finland - patterns of ethic identity and acculturation among the Ingrian Finns

1997 ◽  
pp. 102-113
Author(s):  
Eve Kyntäjä
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Identity Conflict ◽  
Acculturation Attitudes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ethic Identity

The aim of this paper is to examine the patterns of psychological acculturation and ethnic identity of Ingrian Finns - the remigrants from the former Soviet Union - in Finland. The article is based on a study that focused on finding out the relationship between objective criteria of ethnic identity (language, nationality, citizenship, religion) and subjective ethnic identity (self-identification, commitment) in a certain social context. The relationship between acculturation attitudes and psychological well-being was also studied. The approach of the study was qualitative, the methods used were in-depth interviews, and participant observation. The sample consisted of 40 adult Ingrian Finns living in Finland and 10 leaders of the Ingrian Association in St. Petersburg and the Ingrian Church. The results suggest that different age groups have different ethnic self-perceptions. Younger remigrants identify themselves mostly as Russians or Estonians depending on which linguistic and social environment they have lived in. Middle-aged Ingrian Finns are dealing with identity conflict: they have problems in identifying themselves ethnically and also difficulties in integrating into the Finnish society.

scholarly journals Hispanic/Latino Ethnic Identity and Diabetes: An Examination of Underlying Acculturation Processes and the Hispanic/Latino Health Advantage

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-294
Author(s):  
Jeannie B. Concha ◽  
Kristen Kelly ◽  
Briana Mezuk
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Diabetes Prevalence ◽  
Physical Health Outcomes ◽  
The Relationship

Background. Hispanics/Latinos in the United States experience both a health advantage and disadvantage in developing diabetes. Ethnic identity, a predictor of psychological well-being, has not been widely applied to physical health outcomes. The objective of this study is to apply what is known regarding ethnic identity and psychological health to physical health outcomes (diabetes) and to explore the moderating effect of education as a possible underlying mechanism of the Hispanic Health Advantage/Disadvantage. Specifically, this study examines (a) the association between ethnic identity and diabetes prevalence among adult Hispanics/Latinos and (b) determines whether education modifies this relationship. Method. Data come from the nationally representative adult U.S. household study, National Latino and Asian American Study (NLAAS), collected in 2001 to 2003 ( N = 1,746). Multiple logistic regression was conducted to examine the relationship between ethnic identity, education, and their interaction with likelihood of diabetes. Results. Hispanics/Latinos with high ethnic identity have a higher odds of reporting diabetes among those with 13 to 15 years of education (odds ratio: 1.84; 95% confidence interval: 1.16–2.92) and a lower odds among those with 16+ years of education (odds ratio: 0.53; 95% confidence interval: 0.34–0.84). Ethnic identity is associated with diabetes prevalence and the relationship is moderated by educational attainment. Conclusion. Given the growth, diversity, and diabetes disparities among Hispanics/Latinos, our buffering and exacerbating findings exemplify the complexity and fluidity of theory in understanding psychological/behavioral processes. The findings highlight the importance of designing targeted health interventions that take into account the diverse psychosocial and educational experiences of Hispanics/Latinos.

Social Well-Being of the Population of Russia During the Pandemic (Based on Sample Survey Data)

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-79
Author(s):  
L. A. Davletshina ◽  
N. A. Sadovnikova ◽  
A. V. Bezrukov ◽  
O. G. Lebedinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Russian Population ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

The article present results of the authors’ study of the social well-being of the Russian population – an assessment of the population’s health and attitudes towards a healthy lifestyle amid viral pandemic, based on materials of the Rosstat sample surveys of 2019 and 2020 and data from the All-Russian survey conducted by the Russian Public Opinion Research Center (VCIOM) on 27 September 2020. The authors described the transformation of living conditions in the light of the complex epidemiological situation and the increase in coronavirus cases among the population. Changes in the health status of the Russian population were analyzed by individual age groups.The article assesses the strength of the relationship between the social well-being of the population by selected socio-demographic groups and the period of self-isolation, quarantine, or other restrictions imposed during the coronavirus pandemic in 2020. To solve this problem, demographic and socio-economic characteristics of respondents are presented, the distribution of responses according to the survey results is estimated, and the most signifcant factor characteristics are selected. Respondent replies were grouped according to the selected questions, including in the territorial context (by federal districts). To determine the strength of the relationship between the respondents' answers to the question and their gender or age distribution, the coefcients of mutual conjugacy and rank correlation coefcients were calculated and analyzed.Analysis of the changes in the social well-being of population for 2019–2020 and the assessment of the strength of the relationship between the discussed indicators (gender, wealth, territory of residence) revealed the parameters that form the differences. After comparing the health status of the Russian population as a whole and by age groups in 2019 and 2020 based on data of sample survey on population health status, the following points were identifed. With the expected assessment of the population health status in the age distribution (deterioration in the older ages and better health in the younger ones), it also remains unchanged that more than half of the respondents characterize their health status as «very good» and «good». Noteworthy is the fact that the assessment of the health status of the Russian population has improved during the year. It is evidenced from changes in the structure of respondent replies, even though population health status survey of 2020 was conducted in the middle of lockdown amid the continuing negative trends in coronavirus morbidity and mortality.

Multiple identities of Jewish immigrant adolescents from the former Soviet Union: An exploration of salience and impact of ethnic identity

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Birman ◽  
Irena Persky ◽  
Wing Yi Chan
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Jewish Immigrant ◽  
Immigrant Adolescents ◽  
Adolescent Immigrants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Jewish Adolescents

The current paper explores the salience and impact of ethnic and national identities for immigrants that are negotiating more than two cultures. Specifically, we were interested in the ways in which Jewish immigrant adolescents from the former Soviet Union integrate their Russian, Jewish, and American identities, and to what extent identification with these three cultures predicts adaptation to varied life domains. In order to examine whether being Jewish has an impact on salience and predictive value of Russian and American identities, a sample of Jewish adolescents (n = 100) was compared with a sample of non-Jewish (n = 113) adolescent immigrants from the former Soviet Union. The study suggests that Jewish and non-Jewish adolescent immigrants differ in levels of Russian and American identity. Further, using structural equation modeling a bicultural model for Jewish and non-Jewish adolescents was tested. The results suggest that these two groups do not differ with respect to how Russian and American identities impact on adjustment. However, adding Jewish identity to the model for the Jewish sample significantly improved model fit, and rendered some of the impact of Russian identity non-significant. Thus a multicultural model that included all three identities had better explanatory power for this sample than a bicultural one. Implications for the study of ethnic identity of immigrants, particularly those whose lives involve multiple cultural affiliations, are drawn.

scholarly journals Acculturation Attitudes and Psychological Well-Being of Russians in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan: The Moderating Role of Perceived Security

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-45
Author(s):  
V.N. Galyapina
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Integration Strategy ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Perceived Security ◽  
Acculturation Attitudes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

More than 400 thousand Russians remain in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan after the collapse of the USSR. They have to adapt to the changing conditions, and it is important to study the factors that determine their psychological well-being. This study focuses on the moderating role of perceived security in the relationship between acculturation attitudes and psychological well-being of the Russians in the two Central Asian countries. The sample included 578 respondents. In the study, we used scales from the MIRIPS questionnaire and carried out analysis using the moderation models 1 and 3. The results showed that for the Russians in both countries, when perceived security was low, separation attitudes promoted self-esteem, while assimilation attitudes decreased it. The study also revealed the role of the context: in Tajikistan (less favorable context for the Russians), assimilation attitudes contributed to life satisfaction in situations of high perceived security, while in Kyrgyzstan (more favorable context) it was integration attitudes that determined life satisfaction when perceived security was high or medium. We may conclude that the context determines the preference of acculturation strategy that provides the Russians with life satisfaction in the situation of perceived security: the assimilation strategy in Tajikistan, and the integration strategy in Kyrgyzstan.

Body Image and Wellbeing in Religious Male and Female Youth in Israel

2018 ◽  
pp. 1497-1519
Author(s):  
Shraga Fisherman
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Youth ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Manova Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

In the current study described in this chapter, we examined the relationship between body image and well-being among religiously observant male and female youth from four age groups: 16, 17, 19, and 22. MANOVA analysis of age x gender produced a significant interaction regarding body image. Various trends were found among the two genders according to age group. Among the girls, there is a moderate rise in body image (BI) with age, whereas among the boys there is an obvious decline between 17 and 19, followed by an increase. The boys' BI scores were significantly higher than those of the girls aged 16, 17, and 19, but not for age 22. There were significant and positive correlations between BI and well-being for all age groups and both genders. There were high correlations among the girls relative to those among the boys.

Trends in Global Oil Investments Over the Past 20 Years

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-49
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Shirobokova ◽  
Fe Amor Parel Gudmundsson
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Oil Demand ◽  
Former Ussr ◽  
The Relationship

Today, energy is an irreplaceable resource without which it is impossible to imagine the life of modern society. Oil, as the most important energy resource, has a significant impact on both individual economies and the world economy. The main objective of this chapter is to identify the relationship between oil supply and oil demand of developed and developing countries on the example of OECD and Former Soviet Union countries. The changes that took place in supply and demand in the oil market from 2000 to 2020 are investigated. The chapter uses graphic and mathematical analysis. It is clear with a fair amount of confidence that the oil demand in developed countries is higher than their supply, and the supply of oil in developing countries is rather more than demand. Also, the chapter draws attention to investments in the oil industry, including on the example of Russia as a former USSR country, analyzes their current state, and draws appropriate conclusions.

The Preconditions of Social Identity of a Small State in Transition to Democracy

1998 ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Jurate Morkuniene
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Transition To Democracy ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Definition Of

The definition of social identity consists of two parts. First, it means protection against threats to the nation’s existence and well-being. Second, it means the search for measures and possibilities to achieve the goals of social development and improvement. Social identity implies the creation and preservation of conditions in which each citizen can develop as educated, creative and responsible persons. Today, especially for nations throughout the former Soviet Union, the chief danger to social identity lies in the adverse conditions of continued underdevelopment. It follows that for these nations, identity means first of all development. The essential condition for a small nation’s identity and survival is based on the people’s resolution to rely on themselves and to envision the potential for their own country. The modern strategy for ensuring social identity would essentially rely on the principle that every citizen is part of the national identity, i.e., its active agent. For this reason, of central importance is the creation of equal starting possibilities (equality of opportunities) for everyone.

scholarly journals Die Geschichte in der Gegenwart sehen. Überlegungen zum Begriff der „kontaminierten Landschaften“ [Seeing History in the Present: Reflections on the Concept of “Contaminated Landscapes”]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Klei
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Mass Shootings ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Crime Scenes

Seeing History in the Present: Reflections on the Concept of “Contaminated Landscapes”The essay takes the 2014 book Kontaminierte Landschaften [Contaminated Landscapes] by the Austrian journalist and writer Martin Pollack as an opportunity to explore relationships between landscapes, (marked) places, and memory. In considering the relationship between the metaphorical (literary) image of contaminated landscapes and the actual crime scenes, I focus on the mass shootings of Jews by the German Nazis and their local supporters in the former Soviet Union. These specific crime scenes are used to explore the limits of Pollack’s metaphor and the problems it causes. The central arguments are presented using concrete examples provided by seven photographs.Widzieć historię w teraźniejszości. Refleksje nad pojęciem „skażonych krajobrazów”W artykule książka Skażone krajobrazy (2014) austriackiego dziennikarza i pisarza Martina Pollacka staje się punktem wyjścia do badania związków między krajobrazami, (naznaczonymi) miejscami i pamięcią. Relacje między metaforycznym (literackim) obrazem skażonych krajobrazów a realnymi miejscami zbrodni rozważam na przykładzie masowych rozstrzelań Żydów dokonanych w byłym Związku Radzieckim przez niemieckich nazistów i ich miejscowych stronników. Te konkretne miejsca zbrodni pomagają zbadać granice zastosowania metafory Pollacka i powodowane przez nią problemy. Najważniejsze wnioski zaprezentowałam na konkretnych przykładach siedmiu fotografii.

scholarly journals Žiniasklaida užsienio kalbomis Lietuvoje: ką renkasi vartotojai

2009 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 144-159
Author(s):  
Laima Nevinskaitė
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Printed Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
Foreign Media ◽  
Watching Tv ◽  
Media Choices

Straipsnyje pateikiama žiniasklaidos užsienio kalbomis pasirinkimo tarp Lietuvos didmiesčių gyventojų lietuvių analizė, atlikta remiantis reprezentatyvios šių miestų gyventojų apklausos duomenimis. Daugiausiai dėmesio skiriama žiniasklaidos rusų ir anglų kalbomis pasirinkimo analizei: kaip dažnai mokantys rusų ir (ar) anglų kalbas renkasi žiniasklaidą šiomis kalbomis, kaip šie pasirinkimai yra pasiskirstę tarp amžiaus grupių, koks žiniasklaidos užsienio kalbomis vartojimo dažnumas, palyginti su kitomis kalbų vartojimo sritimis. Remiantis skirtingais teoriniais požiūriais į kalbos ir tapatybės santykį, žiniasklaidos užsienio kalbomis vartojimą galima vertinti dvejopai: kaip kultūrinės, lingvistinės ir politinės įtakos šaltinį arba tiesiog vartotojo galimybių rinktis jo poreikius tenkinantį žiniasklaidos turinį išplėtimą.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: žiniasklaidos vartojimas, žiniasklaida užsienio kalbomis, globalizacija.Media in Foreign Languages in Lithuania: Consumer ChoicesLaima Nevinskaitė SummaryThe author analyses the use of media in foreign languages, mostly Russian and English, among Lithuanians living in the main cities of Lithuania (Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipeda). The analysis is based on data of a representative survey on the knowledge of languages and their use in these cities, performed within the research project “Cities and Languages” by Vilnius Universit).The use of media in foreign languages is important in several respects, which are discussed in the article. First, it can be regarded as a source of cultural and linguistic influence within the context of cultural and linguistic globalisation. In Lithuania and in other former Soviet Union states, media in Russian are also treated as a potential source of political influence. Second, it is important in respect of media market, since foreign media can be regarded as a source of a wider content choice for media consumer.Results of the analysis have shown that a significant part of Lithuanians (up to 40 per cent) frequently use media in foreign languages, although the number of frequent users still lags behind the amount of those who use the media in Lithuanian. The data show a wider knowledge of Russian and generally a wider use of mass media in Russian. Russian is used more often than English as a language for listening radio and watching TV; the use of printed media (books and periodicals) in Russian is higher, but close to that in English; English is much wider used as a language of the internet use. The trends are clearly more positive for English, since it is more popular among young people, even among those who know Russian as well. The article includes a further analysis of media choices among those who know the languages in question, these choices among the age groups, and the frequency of media use in foreign languages in comparison to the use of those languages in other domains.

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