scholarly journals Elderly people at village level in Botswana

1996 ◽  
pp. 243-261
Author(s):  
Benedicte Ingstad ◽  
Helge Brunborg ◽  
Frank J. Bruun
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Social Data ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Village Level ◽  
Study Village ◽  
Depth Study

The paper presents demographic and social data from an in-depth study of the situation of elderly people in a village in Botswana. Botswana is undergoing rapid economic and social change and this change also affects the elderly part of the population. While younger people  migrate to urban areas, the elderly are to a large extent left behind in the villages, often with responsibility for caring tor small grandchildren. We found that the majority of elderly people in the study village are women. The educational level of the elderly people of both sexes is low but the majority have undergone the traditional initiation schools, Bojale and Bogwera. All households are influenced by modernization in that they need cash for survival. They depend to a large extent on the support of their grandchildren for survival, a support which is not always given.

scholarly journals Research on the Adaptability of Rural Elderly People Moving to Urban Communities

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Zhonglei Zhang ◽  
Yu Jin
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
The Status ◽  
Population Urbanization

In recent years, under the background that the country actively promotes population urbanization, a large number of young people migrate to cities and towns through employment or schooling and take root in the urban construction. However, the left-behind elderly people in rural areas are in a dilemma, and they will face many problems in their lives whether living in cities or staying behind, the quality of life is lowered generally. After going into the city, many elderly people in rural areas, due to their own physiological and psychological characteristics, do not adapt to living in urban areas, and the qualities of lives are not improved. By investigating the status quo of the elderly in rural areas migrating to urban areas, this paper analyses the reasons for and existing problems of migrating to urban areas and puts forward suggestions for improving community adaptability from the perspective of social work.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Socio Demographic Characteristics of Disability in Older Adults in China Retrospective Study: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Hamidah Retno Wardani
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Northern China ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
P Value ◽  
Disability Rate

Introduction: Illness, injury and aging are the main causes of disability in the elderly, elderly people with disabilities experience economic and health stresses, and may also experience mental and psychological distress, and other life difficulties. The aim of this study was to clarify the prevalence and socio-demographic characteristics of disability in the elderly. Elderly care is a concern of the whole community. Method: The research method used is a retrospective study, namely research (survey) where the design is used to provide information related to the prevalence, distribution and relationships between variables in a population. Result: The bivariate relationship between the level of disability in the elderly according to sex, area, age, social status and in different cities was analyzedwith P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The disability rate in adults is 7.0%. Disability rates were significantly higher in women than men, significantly higher in rural areas than urban areas, and higher in northern China than southern China. The urban disability rate ranges from 5.7% to 1.2%. The difference is statistically significant, with Beijing having the highest disability rate and Shanghai the lowest. Defects increase with age. Conclusion: This study shows that the rate of disability among elderly people in northern China is significantly higher than in southern China

scholarly journals Epidemiology of oral candidiasis: a household-based population survey in a medium-sized city in Amazonas

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e127101018664
Author(s):  
Ellen Roberta Lima Bessa ◽  
Luciane Dias de Oliveira ◽  
Ana Bessa Muniz ◽  
Giselle Diniz Guimarães da Silva ◽  
Ormezinda Celeste Cristo Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Species Differentiation

There was an increase in the number of elderly people in Brazil and, along with this fact, there was an increase in the incidence of oral candidiasis in this population, so the early identification of the disease and the etiologic agent for effective intervention is essential. The study aimed to describe the prevalence of oral candidiasis and its clinical manifestations, identifying Candida yeast species and their prevalence in the palatine mucosa and dentures in the palatine mucosa and dentures, comparing these factors in rural and urban elderly people in this city. The study was conducted in the city of Tefé, Amazonas, with elderly people aged 65 to 74 years old registered in primary health care services in urban and rural areas, where through sample calculation we had a total sample of 484 elderly people after losses and refusals. These elderly people were randomly selected from within the entire public service network, which enabled the samples to be collected in all municipal Basic Health Units. Data collection included clinical oral examinations (use, duration, and need for dental prosthesis) and collection of biological material with swabs, which were stored in CHROMAgar™ Candida medium, during home visits to determine the prevalence of the species through staining and colony morphology. Statistical analysis was performed with Stata MP software, using relative and absolute frequencies. The prevalence of oral candidiasis was found in 20.7% of the elderly in the different areas of residence studied. A greater number of cases and clinical manifestations of the disease were found in elderly people living in urban areas (p < 0.05). The odds ratios for developing the disease were higher in women, edentulous elderly, and users of dental prostheses. Candida albicans species were prevalent in infection and colonization of prostheses, while oral colonization showed similar percentages among Candida non-albicans (p = 0.657). As for the prevalence of species about the studied area of ​​residence, Candida albicans prevailed in the urban area and Candida non-albicans in the rural area (p <0.05). In conclusion, this study identified a high prevalence of oral candidiasis in elderly participants in the research, who were mainly infected with Candida albicans species, but when comparing the living areas of the elderly, those living in the urban area had more prevalent colonization in the area. urban and Candida non-albicans in the rural area, therefore, species differentiation was found regarding the place where the elderly person lives.

scholarly journals Housing Conditions and Improvement Guidelines for the Elderly Living in Urban Areas: Case Studies of Four Bangkok’s Districts

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 117-138
Author(s):  
Trirat Jarutach ◽  
Nutcha Lertpradit
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Demographic Structure ◽  
Thai Population ◽  
Ageing Society ◽  
Common Area ◽  
Elderly Living

The demographic structure of the Thai population has shifted to an ageing society with an increasing number of elderly people living in urban areas. This research, therefore, is aimed to study and analyze the housing conditions of the elderly as well as relevant behaviors and issues, and provide recommendations for improvement. This research employs interviews and onsite-surveys for data collection. Findings showed that the current conditions are inappropriate; bedroom furniture should be less high; handrails should be installed in bathrooms; stair risers should be shortened, and a common area e.g. a gazebo, should be provided for the elderly to spend time outside together.

scholarly journals Preference and willingness to pay for nutritional counseling services in urban Hanoi

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Hai Viet Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Bao Trinh ◽  
Huong Thi Le ◽  
Cuong Tat Nguyen ◽  
Hue Thi Mai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Counseling Services ◽  
Nutritional Counseling ◽  
Time Service ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Willingness To Use

Background:Despite substantial achievement in reducing malnutrition rates in Vietnam, there has been an increasing rate of overweight individuals in urban areas, which may result in a high burden of non-communicable diseases. Nutritional counseling clinics have been introduced in several settings; however, little is known about the preference for this service among urban clients. This study aimed to assess the preference and willingness to pay (WTP) for nutritional counseling services among urban clients.Methods:We interviewed 429 clients who attended Hanoi Medical University Nutritional Counseling Clinic (Hanoi, Vietnam). WTP was determined using double-bounded dichotomous-choice questions and open-ended questions.Results:In total, 78.6% respondents were willing to use nutritional counseling services. The mean amount of WTP for one-time service and one-year package was 96,100VND (~$4.3) and 946,400VND (~$41.9), respectively. Clients’ willingness to use the service was higher among females, those seeking counseling for elderly people and those who preferred face-to-face counseling services (p<0.05). WTP was higher among those who were over 35 years old, those seeking services for the elderly people, those having poor nutritional status, and those having under-6 year old children (p<0.05).Conclusions:The preference and WTP for nutritional counseling services in urban Hanoi were relatively high. Scaling up this service is necessary to actively prevent and control the spread of non-communicable diseases.

scholarly journals Abuse in Colombian elderly and its association with socioeconomic conditions and functionality

2019 ◽  
pp. 77-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Lucia Curcio ◽  
Claudia Payán Villamizar ◽  
Abelardo Jiménez ◽  
Fernando Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Functional Dependence ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Type Of Abuse

Abstract Objective: To describe the presence of abuse in elderly people in Colombia and its association with socio-demographic and functional conditions. Methods: Cross-sectional and descriptive research. Data were taken from the SABE Colombia Survey, a population study, with a national representative sample of 23,694 adults aged over 60 years. Presence and type of abuse by partners or family members, members were investigated. Generalized linear models with Poisson link function were used to estimate the causes of the prevalence of abuse by area of residence, region, age, sex, dependence on activities of daily living and living arrangements. Results: 15.1% of the elderly in Colombia reported some type of abuse, and over 50% reported more than one form of abuse. Abuse proportion is greater in people who are aged 60-69, in women, people with lower levels of education, people who belong to lower socioeconomic status, people who live alone, people who live with children, and people in urban areas. The most frequent abuse form is psychological, followed by neglect and physical abuse. Dependence on basic and instrumental daily living activities increases the probabilities of suffering abuse. Conclusions: Home is a risky place for the elderly people, especially for those with functional dependence, those who belong to low socioeconomic strata and women. Results should encourage debate among researchers, professionals and decision makers on public policy about necessary actions and means to change violent family dynamics in homes with elderly people.

scholarly journals Preference and willingness to pay for nutritional counseling services in urban Hanoi

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Hai Viet Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Bao Trinh ◽  
Huong Thi Le ◽  
Cuong Tat Nguyen ◽  
Hue Thi Mai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Counseling Services ◽  
Nutritional Counseling ◽  
Time Service ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Willingness To Use

Background:Despite substantial achievement in reducing malnutrition rates in Vietnam, there has been an increasing rate of overweight individuals in urban areas, which may result in a high burden of non-communicable diseases. Nutritional counseling clinics have been introduced in several settings; however, little is known about the preference for this service among urban clients. This study aimed to assess the preference and willingness to pay (WTP) for nutritional counseling services among urban clients. Methods:We interviewed 429 clients who attended Hanoi Medical University Nutritional Counseling Clinic (Hanoi, Vietnam). WTP was determined using double-bounded dichotomous-choice questions and open-ended questions. Results:In total, 78.6% respondents were willing to use nutritional counseling services. The mean amount of WTP for one-time service and one-year package was 96,100VND (~$4.3) and 946,400VND (~$41.9), respectively. Clients’ willingness to use the service was higher among females, those seeking counseling for elderly people and those who preferred face-to-face counseling services (p<0.05). WTP was higher among those who were over 35 years old, those seeking services for the elderly people, those having poor nutritional status, and those having under-6 year old children (p<0.05). Conclusions:The preference and WTP for nutritional counseling services in urban Hanoi were relatively high. Scaling up this service is necessary to actively prevent and control the spread of non-communicable diseases.

scholarly journals Urban-Rural Disparities in The Utilization of Primary Health Care Center Among Elderly in East Java, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratna Dwi Wulandari ◽  
Agung Dwi Laksono
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Utilization Of Health Services ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Urban Rural

Introduction: Urban always attracts investors to invest. Health facilities in urban areas are growing rapidly compared to villages. This condition is estimated to contribute to the disparity of urban-rural areas in the utilization of health services. Studying the utilization of health services is a way to evaluate the performance of the health care system through its output. Aim: This study was intended to analyze urban-rural disparity in the utilization of primary health care or puskesmas use by the elderly.Methods: This study was used the 2013 Riskesdas (Indonesian Basic Health Survey) raw data. The 2013 Riskesdas was designed a cross-sectional survey. With the multi-stage cluster random sampling method, 25,813 elderly people in East Java Province were obtained. Data were analyzed using Multinomial Logistic Regression tests.Results: Elderly people in urban areas have a better probability of outpatient use of 1.208 than those living in rural areas (OR 1.208; 95% CI 1.057-1.380). The elderly who have a primary school and under education have the possibility of 1.558 times more utilizing outpatients in the puskesmas than the elderly who have college education levels (OR 1.558; 95% CI 1.001-2.424). Conclusions: There was a disparity between urban and rural areas in the utilization of outpatient puskesmas in East Java by the elderly. Policy makers in East Java are recommended to improve facilities and infrastructure of the puskesmas in rural areas by paying attention to the results of this study.

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