scholarly journals Livelihood Strategies as Responses to Water Availability in Pusur Subwatershed, Bengawan Solo

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Rathna Wijayanti ◽  
Muhammad Baiquni ◽  
Rika Harini
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
Potential Conflict

Water availability has a significant role on human life, particularly for the rural, agrarian communities. This study aimed to investigate the diverse conditions of water availability in Pusur sub-watershed, Bengawan Solo watershed, and the livelihood strategies of the local community in responding to the water availability. The study used both quantitative and qualitative methods of data analysis, and the data was collected through questionnaire, in-depth interview, and observation. On the water availability, the study used the following variables: (1) quality, (2) quantity, (3) spatial and temporal distribution, (4) access, (5) social-economy, and (5) institutional aspect. On the livelihood strategies, it uses: (1) reaction and (2) anticipation for water deficit. In term of sampling methods, the study used area and purposive sampling, by splitting the study site into the upper, middle, and lower area. The analysis of this study indicates that the level of water availability in the upper area is considered low. The community living in the upper area depends upon rainwater for its agricultural sector, and upon the water supply distributed by pipelines and tanker trucks for its household. The study also indicates that the middle area has abundant water supply, but the quality has been declined due to pollution, poor sanitation system, and potential conflict among the community members. Meanwhile, in the lower area, particularly in the dry season, irrigation water has been inadequate. Responding to the diverse water availability, the community has applied the following livelihood strategies: (1) leaving the agricultural land uncultivated in the upper area, and (2) pumping wells and rivers in the middle and lower areas. In addition, as part of its precautions actions, the community has applied: (1) agroforestry system at the upper area, (2) improved the irrigation system of the middle area, and (3) creating wells and using water pumps in the lower area. 

scholarly journals Development of drilling well irrigation to meet water needs in the rainfall of Sambirejo village, Kabupaten Langkat

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
R.A. Sembiring ◽  
C. Asda ◽  
R.A. Dewi ◽  
A. Ananta ◽  
M.A. Pulungan
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Service Area ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Irrigate Rice ◽  
Service Activities

One very important element in agriculture is water. The availability of water must be guaranteed so that plants can grow throughout the year. The lack of water availability means that crops cannot be produced throughout the year, causing farmers to become inadequate. Engineering irrigation is one of the systems that can regulate water availability throughout the year, but not all regions in Indonesia have such irrigation. Sambirejo Village is one of the villages in Langkat Regency which still utilizes a rainfed irrigation system. The main problem from Sambirejo Village, especially the Karya Tani Farmer Group, which is a service partner, is the unavailability of water to irrigate rice fields during the dry season. This unavailability of water causes a reduction in the productivity of farmers who are supposed to harvest three times to only twice a year. Through community service activities carried out the construction of borehole irrigation in Sembirejo Village. This method utilizes ground water as a source of water supply during the dry season. Drilled well irrigation can be enjoyed directly by farmers in the vicinity of the service area, and in the dry season the water needs for plants are available.

scholarly journals Pengadaan Tanah Bagi Pembangunan Jalan Usaha Tani di Desa Adat Saren, Kecamatan Bebandem Kabupaten Karangasem

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-441
Author(s):  
I Wayan Wahyu Dinata ◽  
I Made Suwitra ◽  
I Nyoman Sutama
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Life Itself ◽  
Transportation Routes

Development is a human effort to manage resources to meet needs and improve the welfare of human life itself, as well as in the agricultural sector. Farmers really need the construction of a farm road in order to make it easier for farmers to get to the farm location comfortably and safely. The title of this study is Land Procurement for Agricultural Roads in The Village of Adat Soren District Bebandem Karangasem Regency This study aims to describe the process of land procurement at Soren Traditional Village which is carried out to promote the distribution of agricultural products, community transportation routes, river normalization and religious ceremonies. In addition, it will also review and identify problems that will be faced during the implementation of land procurement for the construction of agricultural commercial roads in Saren Indigenous Village, Bebandem Subdistrict, Karangasem Regency. The method used in this writing is an empirical research method that is equipped with legal methods as well as conceptual methods. The data sources used are primary data sources (interview results) as well as secondary data sources (reading materials from literature research. The results showed that the implementation of land procurement includes planning (determining road to the fields), preparation and implementation (socialization, review, approval, measurement and submission. The problem that arise in the implementation of agricultural land acquisition are based on several factors, including internal factors (including personal interests and development funds) and external factors (including geographical location and natural disasters

scholarly journals Design and Installation of Controlled Drip Irrigation System

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Aeeman Soomro ◽  
Tanweer Hussain ◽  
Wali Muhammad Daudpota
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Flood Irrigation ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Freshwater Resource

Globally, agriculture sector uses major share of available freshwater. Pakistan is an agricultural country and its major economy depends upon the agriculture sector. In Pakistan, freshwater sacristy rate is increasing due to poor sanitation and water management system, increase in population and food demands, and use of fresh water flood irrigation system to irrigate the agricultural land. This ultimately poses harmful effect on the economy of country. About 73% of freshwater resource is consumed for the irrigation purpose in Pakistan. The increase in population and the food demand is an impetus to adopt drip irrigation system at large in the country. In such a scenario, controlled drip irrigation system serves the suitable technique to limit the water supplied to the crops at regular interval for agriculture, and replaces the flood irrigation system. Besides ordinary drip irrigation system, the controlled drip irrigation system monitors and controls the soil moisture and temperature of the crops using sensors and actuators. This study is aimed at designing and installation of controlled drip irrigation system for crop fields at Nasarpur, Sindh, Pakistan. It was expected that agricultural sector will become more productive by effectively using the fresh water resources. The study has shown that converting conventional irrigation into controlled drip irrigation has saved freshwater to a greater extent and marginal excessive use energy used in pumping and the control system. On the other hand it has also minimized the energy usage for pumping fresh water through large tube wells.

scholarly journals Geomatic Tools for Water Management in a Community Irrigation System, Cruz del Eje, Córdoba.

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-35
Author(s):  
M. Victoria Marinelli ◽  
Nicolás A. Mari ◽  
C. Marcelo Scavuzzo
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
Gis Environment ◽  
Images Processing ◽  
Productive Systems

An integral and efficient management of water for irrigation requires the adoption of new technologies to respond to the challenges imposed by the agricultural sector, in particular to stabilize production through the adequate use of water resources. In this sense, it is vital to characterize and know the amount of area which is under irrigation in such agricultural systems. In this paper we show the use of satellite information data in a GIS environment with the objective of characterizing the productive areas under irrigation in Cruz del Eje, Córdoba, Argentina in 3 types: A) irrigation region B) irrigable area and C) actually irrigated area. Multitemporal image indices and segmentation were used for this characterization and then maps of these 3 types of agricultural land cover were generated. Additionally, we present simple satellite images processing and classification procedures to increase the knowledge about the land cover over this irrigated area. Finally, we discuss how this geographically explicit information generated could be useful for the decision-making process on current irrigated areas and on the potential of productive systems through community irrigation systems.

scholarly journals Development DEVELOPMENT OF VILLAGE BUSINESS ENTITIES IN MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURE USING IMPROVEMENT OF FOOD SECURITY GOVERNMENT IN PRASUNG VILLAGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
Wiwin Yulianingsih
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The People ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Village

Prasung village located in Sidoarjo Regency is flanked by two rivers, Porong and Kali Mas, so it has fertile agricultural land that is can be a mainstay as a center for food security. So that a breakthrough in the management of development in the agricultural sector is needed through the establishment of the Village Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) of Agriculture that will manage agricultural products in order to provide great benefits to the people of Prasung Village in improving the economy, welfare and can improve food security. The need for community empowerment in managing the results of their fields through the BUMDes Agriculture that can also open jobs for the surrounding community. BUMDes Agriculture which will be developed in addition to being intended to increase the village's original income also has a social function. This community service activity is carried out with the method of socialization by providing understanding to the community in an effort to increase the potential in the village to support the welfare of the local community through the development of the Agricultural BUMDes in the Village of Prasung. The embodiment of the establishment of the BUMDes Agriculture is expected to minimize the role of middlemen, which often leads to increasing transaction costs between the price of products from producers to consumers. So that this BUMDes Agriculture can later help the community in the production of food for the consumption of local village community food. BUMDes in later can become a distributor that fosters economic activities in the local village so that of course requires a strong foundation in its development.

scholarly journals Physical Properties of Soils from Several Land Uses in a Tidal Swampland Area Applied with a Fork Irrigation System

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Ani Susilawati ◽  
Dedi Nursyamsi ◽  
Haris Syahbuddin
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Mineralogical Properties

In Indonesia, tidal swampland is potential to be developed into agricultural land uses. Water management is the key success of farming on the tidal swampland. In the tidal swampland of Kalimantan, Indonesia, a fork irrigation system is widely applied in the water channels to supply irrigation water to the land. Besides irrigation, soil physical characteristics play an important role in controlling water availability for crops. The ability of soil to store water will determine the amount of available water that can be taken up by plants. This research aimed to determine the soil physical properties that are related to water availability in the soils from different land uses in a tidal swamp land area applied with a fork irrigation system. The experiment was conducted in dry season 2012, in Belawang, Barito Kuala district, South Kalimantan province. The soil samples were taken from four land uses, namely rice field, rubber plantation, mixed cropping, and unmanaged land. The soil physical properties, namely soil bulk density, particle density, porosity, texture, pF 1, pF 2, pF 2.54, pF 4, water content, total pore space, rapid drainage pores, slow drainage pores, available water, groundwater level were measured. In addition, the mineralogical properties of the soils were measured as well. The results showed that the physical properties of the soils taken from different land use varied, however, the change of the land use did not cause changes in the soil mineralogical properties. The mineralogy of the soils from different land uses are relatively the same, namely: quartz, illite, and chlorite. 

scholarly journals Investigation and Assessment of the Management of Natural Resources in the State of California Using the Conceptual Framework of Water–Energy–Food Nexus

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Georgia Manou ◽  
Georgios Bariamis ◽  
Evangelos Baltas
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The State ◽  
Current Analysis

The current analysis attempts to quantify the interlinkages between the water, energy and food sectors of California covering the period 2002–2015. The results reveal that 25% (60,696 GWh) of the annual energy consumption is attributed to agriculture, while 75% (174,709 GWh) is used for water supply purposes. The agricultural sector consumes 77% (32,629 m3) of the irrigation water, and the energy sector is vulnerable to water availability fluctuations, because many hydroelectric facilities are connected to its grid. Considering the water scarcity and the uneven geographical distribution of water in the state, its central role in California’s water–energy–food (WEF) Nexus becomes apparent.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Kembali Air Limbah – Pengolahan Air Limbah Domestik untuk Suplai Kebutuhan Air Pertanian

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ari Sugiarto
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Wastewater reuse arises in line with the increasing demand for water amidst the water scarcity crisis. An alternative solution of water sources for water supply that is possible in this case is the wastewater reuse. The agricultural sector is the focus of water supply because the water quality required does not require the best water quality, but still before wastewater reuse must be treated first. The complexity of wastewater characteristics is another absolute consideration in determining the source of wastewater for water supply, domestic wastewater has characteristics that are not too complex and relatively safer than industrial wastewater. The choice of domestic wastewater also has an impact on water treatment, which in principle can be done simply, but the main problem in wastewater is related to its pollutants content. The concept of wastewater treatment with Constructed Wetland (CW) is fairly easy to implement and the results of reducing physical and chemical pollutants are up to 40-70%, reduction of biological pollutants is estimated to be insignificant so it needs to be combined with disinfection to reduce the content of microorganisms in the effluent which is expected to meet quality standards. The main priority is to provide water supply to agricultural land on a small scale or to be used for supporting water supply on large agricultural lands with agricultural activities that do not really need water in a continuous time.

Impact of water availability on winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield characteristics

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Klupács ◽  
Á. Tarnawa ◽  
I. Balla ◽  
M. Jolánkai
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Physiological Condition ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Average Depth ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Yield Quality

Water supply of crop plants is the most essential physiological condition influencing quality and quantity performance of grain yield. In a 12-year experimental series of winter wheat agronomic trials run at the Nagygombos experimental site (Hungary) the effect of water availability has been studied. The location represents the typical average lowland conditions of the country, the annual precipitation of the experimental site belonging to the 550–600 mm belt of the Northern edges of the Great Hungarian Plain, while the average depth of groundwater varies between 2 to 3 metres. Crop years with various precipitation patterns have had different impacts on crop yield quality and quantity. Yield figures were in positive correlation with annual precipitation in general. Water availability had diverse influence on quality manifestation. Good water supply has often resulted in poorer grain quality, especially wet gluten and Hagberg values have been affected by that. Drought reduced the amount of yield in general, but contributed to a better quality manifestation in some of the crop years.

Political Economy of Land Tax in Pakistan

1986 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 839-853
Author(s):  
Sarfraz Khan Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Finance Development ◽  
Equity And Efficiency ◽  
Formed Part

Taxation of the agricultural sector is a major instrument for mobilization of the surplus to finance development projects within the agricultural sector and/or the rest of the economy. For many years, the need for a heavier taxation of agricultural land has formed part of the conventional wisdom regarding the ways of extracting agricultural surplus and increasing the tempo of agricultural development in poor countries. Land taxes have both equity and efficiency properties that gladden the hearts of both economists and vocal politicians belonging to urban areas. Taxes on land promote efficiency in the allocation of scarce resources by creating incentives for farmers to increase their effort and reduce their consumption, thus expanding the amount of agricultural produce available to the non-agricultural sectors of the economy. A tax on land has an important redistributive function because its incidence falls squarely on the landlord and is shifted neither forward to consumers nor backwards to suppliers of agricultural inputs; nor does it introduce distortions in the allocation of productive resources.

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