scholarly journals Forskning for politikk: Om uavhengighet i direktoratsektoren

2019 ◽  
pp. 153-176
Author(s):  
Gisle Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Science And Policy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Political Decision Making

This chapter analyzes the establishment of ecosystem-based petroleum management in Norway since 2001. Based on interviews with researchers involved in the processes and document analysis, it is argued that research has a much less autonomous role for policy development than the public debate presupposes. Rather than being a scientific corrective to policy, research is deeply intertwined with political decision-making and management processes. This is often the case when research is to inform policymakers. What is particular in this case, is the organization of research. The core research institutions are themselves hybrids, as the boundary between science and policy is drawn within these institutions. This way of organizing research is resource-effective, flexible and secure policy-relevant knowledge creation. However, it also reduces researchers’ autonomy, it puts limits on when and how they choose to participate in public debates, and it can create a false impression of knowledge consensus. The prevailing organization of research makes it easier to define policy decisions as “knowledge-based”, but at the same time potentially limits the quality of knowledge available to the public. Rather than asking for “purer” knowledge production, we need to discuss the consequences of different ways of organizing policy-relevant knowledge creation.

scholarly journals Customer-Centric Knowledge Creation For Customer Relationship Management

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phocharapol Srisamran ◽  
Vichita Vathanophas Ractham
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Customer Relationship Management ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Relationship Management ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Business World ◽  
Customer Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Based

As the pace of todays world increases with advances in technology and globalization, the heat of rivalry and competition in the business world is also rising. It is a wake-up call for many firms that they can no longer just convince customers to buy whatever they sell. They have to understand their customers. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) can assist firms to know your customer and construct good relationships with customers. In order to know your customer and construct a good relationship, customer knowledge must be acquired and managed. However, this is no easy task since customer knowledge can be subjective and difficult to extract or manage. An approach is needed to acquire and manage customer knowledge. Knowledge management, including knowledge creation, can assist in terms of acquiring and managing customer knowledge. Knowledge management not only improves understanding of the customer, but also improves business process performance by enabling response to customer needs in a timely manner with better quality of service. Customer-Centric Knowledge Creation is the process for the creation of knowledge based on customer knowledge within the CRM contexts which are enterprise-wide, customer-centric, technology-driven, and cross-functional. The aims of this process are to assist organizations to gain more understanding of the customer, embedding customer knowledge into organization knowledge, and creating a customer-focused mindset in organizational members. In other words, it is to sustainably create knowledge focusing on customer knowledge in an organization.

scholarly journals Parliamentary Rights Scrutiny and Counter-Terrorism Lawmaking in Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Moulds
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
The Public ◽  
Counter Terrorism ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Content Development ◽  
Parliamentary Debate ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Impact

This paper evaluates the impact of pre and post-enactment scrutiny of Australia’s counter-terrorism laws enacted from 2001 until 2018.  Parliamentary scrutiny of rights-engaging laws is particularly critical in the Australian content, as Australia relies on a parliamentary model of rights protection at the federal level. The evaluation framework employed in this Paper considers a range of evidence to provide a holistic account of the impact of legislative scrutiny on the content, development and implementation of Australia’s counter-terrorism laws.  This includes consideration of the legislative impact of scrutiny on the content of the law, the role scrutiny plays in the public and parliamentary debate on the law, as well as the hidden impact scrutiny, may be having on policy development and legislative drafting.  The results are surprising.  This study finds that parliamentary rights scrutiny, particularly by parliamentary committees, has had a rights-enhancing (although rarely rights-remedying) impact on the counter-terrorism laws.  Further, this research finds that the hidden or behind-the-scenes impact of parliamentary scrutiny provides a particularly fertile ground for improving the rights-protecting capacity of the Australian legislative scrutiny system. These findings and the evaluation framework employed in this Paper have application and benefits for other jurisdictions seeking to understand and improve the quality of their legislative scrutiny regimes.

Knowledge Management Processes

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Päivi Haapalainen ◽  
Kirsi Pusa
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Knowledge Management Processes

Knowledge management includes several processes, e.g., knowledge creation, knowledge storing, sharing, and using knowledge. When these processes run smoothly, an organization can confirm that information is available for users whenever needed. This is essential for organizations that sell knowledge based services. However, often these processes are not as effective as they could be. In this article the authors concentrate on the following knowledge management processes: storing, searching, and sharing knowledge. The purpose of the research was to find out the different kind of practices companies use for these processes and how information technology can help companies produce these processes more effective. This paper includes the theoretical background of knowledge management and its processes as well as the results of an empirical benchmarking research done among medium sized and large organizations in knowledge intensive businesses.

The World Bank and Policy Reform in Mexico and Argentina

2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Teichman
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
Policy Reform ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Networks ◽  
Quality Of Democracy ◽  
Democratic Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World

AbstractThis article examines the World Bank's role in the market policy reform experiences of Mexico and Argentina. It argues that while reform was driven by domestic elites, the bank played an important role, providing technical advice and financial support and helping to spread market reform ideas. The nature of the bank's involvement, however, differed substantially in the two countries because of their distinct political arrangements, histories, and geopolitical positions in regard to the United States. In the recent era of second-generation reforms, the World Bank's involvement in compensatory policy development has become more focused, although still more intense in Argentina than in Mexico. This involvement has important implications for the quality of democracy, insofar as the 1990s market reforms were formulated by insulated international policy networks unaccountable to the public. Recently, the bank has declared its commitment to involve civil society in its lending policies, a move that may have important implications for democratic development.

scholarly journals Communicating Intelligence Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Jonathan Wai
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Research Translation ◽  
Science And Policy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Rosetta Stone ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multiple Levels

Despite intelligence research being among the most replicable bodies of empirical findings—a Rosetta stone across the social sciences—the communication of intelligence research with non-intelligence researchers and the public remains a challenge, especially given ongoing public controversies throughout the history of the field. Hunt argued that “we have a communication problem.” This article is a call for intelligence researchers to consider communication at multiple levels—communication with other intelligence researchers, communication with non-intelligence researchers, and communication with the public, defined here as policymakers, practitioners, students, and general readers. It discusses ongoing tensions between academic freedom and social responsibility and provides suggestions for thinking about communication and effective research translation and implementation of intelligence research from the frameworks of science and policy research communication. It concludes with some recommendations for effective communication and stresses the importance of incentivizing more scholars to responsibly seek to educate and engage with multiple publics about the science of intelligence.

Assessments of User Comments With “Alternative Views” as a Function of Media Trust

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Marlene Kunst
Keyword(s):  
Online Discussions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Argument Quality ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
User Comments ◽  
Media Trust ◽  
Heuristic Information Processing

Abstract. Comments sections under news articles have become popular spaces for audience members to oppose the mainstream media’s perspective on political issues by expressing alternative views. This kind of challenge to mainstream discourses is a necessary element of proper deliberation. However, due to heuristic information processing and the public concern about disinformation online, readers of comments sections may be inherently skeptical about user comments that counter the views of mainstream media. Consequently, commenters with alternative views may participate in discussions from a position of disadvantage because their contributions are scrutinized particularly critically. Nevertheless, this effect has hitherto not been empirically established. To address this gap, a multifactorial, between-subjects experimental study ( N = 166) was conducted that investigated how participants assess the credibility and argument quality of media-dissonant user comments relative to media-congruent user comments. The findings revealed that media-dissonant user comments are, indeed, disadvantaged in online discussions, as they are assessed as less credible and more poorly argued than media-congruent user comments. Moreover, the findings showed that the higher the participants’ level of media trust, the worse the assessment of media-dissonant user comments relative to media-congruent user comments. Normative implications and avenues for future research are discussed.

Trust in the Police: Cross-country Comparisons

2012 ◽  
pp. 24-47
Author(s):  
V. Gimpelson ◽  
G. Monusova
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
The Public ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Police Activity

Using different cross-country data sets and simple econometric techniques we study public attitudes towards the police. More positive attitudes are more likely to emerge in the countries that have better functioning democratic institutions, less prone to corruption but enjoy more transparent and accountable police activity. This has a stronger impact on the public opinion (trust and attitudes) than objective crime rates or density of policemen. Citizens tend to trust more in those (policemen) with whom they share common values and can have some control over. The latter is a function of democracy. In authoritarian countries — “police states” — this tendency may not work directly. When we move from semi-authoritarian countries to openly authoritarian ones the trust in the police measured by surveys can also rise. As a result, the trust appears to be U-shaped along the quality of government axis. This phenomenon can be explained with two simple facts. First, publicly spread information concerning police activity in authoritarian countries is strongly controlled; second, the police itself is better controlled by authoritarian regimes which are afraid of dangerous (for them) erosion of this institution.

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