scholarly journals Kunnskapsbasert forvaltning og dilemmaer knyttet til usikkerhet

2019 ◽  
pp. 107-130
Author(s):  
Maiken Bjørkan ◽  
Kjellrun Hiis Hauge
Keyword(s):  
Value Conflicts ◽  
Stock Level ◽  
Farmed Salmon ◽  
The Core ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Salmon Lice ◽  
The Media ◽  
Conflicting Interests ◽  
Quality Of Research

Major value conflicts have been played out in the media about farmed salmon in Norway. One of the main controversies is whether salmon lice from aquaculture pens significantly affect the survival of wild salmon at stock level. Research related to this topic, which is key to knowledge-based management of aquaculture in Norway, has been criticized. The quality of this research has been claimed to be low and not applicable, and even claims of misconduct have been expressed. Besides conflicting interests, we argue that uncertainty is the core of the controversy. In this chapter we look at statements in selected texts from articles, reports and the media which can be linked to uncertainty and quality in research related to the effects of salmon lice. We discuss these statements in terms of qualitative aspects of uncertainty in knowledge. Further, we discuss the roles of these uncertainties in terms of selected principles within research ethics: in communication of uncertainty, the precautionary principle and quality of research.

scholarly journals Research Integrity and Hidden Value Conflicts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gert Helgesson ◽  
William Bülow
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Research Integrity ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Value Conflicts ◽  
Central Values ◽  
Open Discussion ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Quality Of Research

AbstractResearch integrity is a well-established term used to talk and write about ethical issues in research. Part of its success might be its broad applicability. In this paper, we suggest that this might also be its Achilles heel, since it has the potential to conceal important value conflicts. We identify three broad domains upon which research integrity is applied in the literature: (1) the researcher (or research group), (2) research, and (3) research-related institutions and systems. Integrity in relation to researchers concerns character, although it remains to specify precisely what character traits are the desirable ones in this context and what values researchers should endorse. Integrity in relation to research concerns correct and sufficient description of the research process, data, results, and overall ‘research record’. Hence, it concerns the quality of research. However, whether or not this notion of research integrity covers all ethical aspects of research depends on whether one endorses a wider or a narrower interpretation of the ‘research process’. Integrity in relation to research-related institutions and systems leaves open whether they should be understood as agents in their own right or merely as means to research integrity. Besides the potential lack of clarity that our analysis reveals, we point to how this variety in uses might lead to concealment of value conflicts and propose an open discussion of central values.

Kernaspecten van Het Nieuwe Werken en een checklist om deze in kaart te brengen

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim van Breukelen ◽  
Sara Makkenze ◽  
Robin Waterreus
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Organizational Studies ◽  
The Core ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Working Situation ◽  
Quality Of Research

The core aspects of the New Way of Working and a checklist to measure these aspects The core aspects of the New Way of Working and a checklist to measure these aspects According to the New Way of Working, employees perform their work independent of location and time, and are supported by advanced information and communication technology. Despite the importance of recent developments, to date few systematic studies have been carried out on them. To improve the quality of research on this topic, we developed a checklist in order to measure the four core aspects of the New Way of Working (NWW). These aspects are: working at a distance (teleworking), not having a fixed work station at the office, working at flexible times, and using advanced technology. The checklist covers the four core aspects and has to be filled out by individual employees. It provides detailed information about their working situation: their ‘NWW profile’. We used the checklist in two types of organizations, i.e., health care (N = 99) and public service (N = 87), and examined the patterns of interrelations between the various aspects. These analyses revealed five distinct categories of employees. We conclude this article with suggestions for using the checklist in organizational studies on the effects of the New Way of Working.

Getting Risk Right

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey C. Kabat
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Cell Phones ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Behavioral Psychology ◽  
The Media ◽  
Quality Of Research

Do cell phones cause brain cancer? Does BPA threaten our health? How safe are certain dietary supplements, especially those containing exotic herbs or small amounts of toxic substances? Is the HPV vaccine safe? We depend on science and medicine as never before, yet there is widespread misinformation and confusion, amplified by the media, regarding what influences our health. In Getting Risk Right, Geoffrey C. Kabat shows how science works—and sometimes doesn't—and what separates these two very different outcomes. Kabat seeks to help us distinguish between claims that are supported by solid science and those that are the result of poorly designed or misinterpreted studies. By exploring different examples, he explains why certain risks are worth worrying about, while others are not. He emphasizes the variable quality of research in contested areas of health risks, as well as the professional, political, and methodological factors that can distort the research process. Drawing on recent systematic critiques of biomedical research and on insights from behavioral psychology, Getting Risk Right examines factors both internal and external to the science that can influence what results get attention and how questionable results can be used to support a particular narrative concerning an alleged public health threat. In this book, Kabat provides a much-needed antidote to what has been called “an epidemic of false claims.”

scholarly journals Argumentation-based negotiation

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
IYAD RAHWAN ◽  
SARVAPALI D. RAMCHURN ◽  
NICHOLAS R. JENNINGS ◽  
PETER McBURNEY ◽  
SIMON PARSONS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Agents ◽  
Exchange Potential ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The Core ◽  
Negotiation Research ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Conflicting Interests

Negotiation is essential in settings where autonomous agents have conflicting interests and a desire to cooperate. For this reason, mechanisms in which agents exchange potential agreements according to various rules of interaction have become very popular in recent years as evident, for example, in the auction and mechanism design community. However, a growing body of research is now emerging which points out limitations in such mechanisms and advocates the idea that agents can increase the likelihood and quality of an agreement by exchanging arguments which influence each others' states. This community further argues that argument exchange is sometimes essential when various assumptions about agent rationality cannot be satisfied. To this end, in this article, we identify the main research motivations and ambitions behind work in the field. We then provide a conceptual framework through which we outline the core elements and features required by agents engaged in argumentation-based negotiation, as well as the environment that hosts these agents. For each of these elements, we survey and evaluate existing proposed techniques in the literature and highlight the major challenges that need to be addressed if argument-based negotiation research is to reach its full potential.

scholarly journals Research on the Problems and Countermeasures in College Students’ Life Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. p28
Author(s):  
Zhang Yafeng
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
The Core ◽  
Educational Concept ◽  
The Media ◽  
Countermeasures And Suggestions ◽  
Life Education ◽  
Curriculum Construction ◽  
Self Protection ◽  
Education In China

Life education takes life as the core and education as the media to enhance students’ self-protection ability, enjoy the life process and experience the meaning of life, so as to obtain the value of life, improve the quality of life and promote people’s all-round development. At present, there are some problems in college students’ life education in China. Therefore, This paper puts forward the problems and countermeasures of life education for college students, analyzes the concept of life education for college students, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions according to the problems of life education for college students in China, such as lagging curriculum construction, lack of correct educational concept and educational consciousness, and non-standard implementation of college students’ life education, In order to solve the prominent problems existing in life education.

scholarly journals Conflicting interests: research, profits, information, health

2004 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. F01
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Sturloni ◽  
Nico Pitrelli
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Medical Journals ◽  
Scientific World ◽  
The Media ◽  
Conflicting Interests

On 15 September 2001, thirteen major international journals, coordinated by the International Committee of Medical Journals Editors (ICMJE), published a joint editorial titled "Sponsorship, authorship, and accountability". Unfortunately, only four days from the tragedy of 9-11, there is no room in the media for other news. In the scientific world, however, the content of that editorial sets off an alarm: the conflict of interest undermines the objectivity of biomedical research and the credibility of international journals vouchsafeing the quality of that research. (Translated by Andrea Cavatorti, Scuola Superiore di Lingue Moderne per Interpreti e Traduttori, Trieste, Italy.)

Analysis of Reading, Reference and Information Management on the Quality of Scientific Writing

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zarlis ◽  
Sherly Astuti ◽  
Muhammad Salamuddin
Keyword(s):  
Information Management ◽  
Scientific Writing ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Management Skill ◽  
Library Search ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
Reading Material ◽  
Quality Of Research

In education, for educational instruments scientific writing is a very important thing. It requires an information management skill, information management is a library search, which can be done through a computer and guided by the internet. It can also be through the quality of reading used as a reference for scientific writing. In addition, in producing a paper also must know the management of writing, not only required to pay attention to the rules of standard language, but also must be able to convey ideas and ideas well and meet scientific criteria, such as making a quote or reference list used. This paper was written with the aim of improving the quality of research through reading material, making notes and avoiding plagiarism, references using the Harvard system for journals, books, and articles. Management of citing articles either CD or internet, writing, editing, storing references electronically, writing bibliography, and quotations.

ENRICHING MEDIA MERCHANDISE SARANA PENUNJANG PROMOSI STUDI KASUS PADA BOOKSTORE

CCIT Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 420-436
Author(s):  
Dewi Immaniar ◽  
Sudaryono Sudaryono ◽  
Ayu Ningrum
Keyword(s):  
Visual Media ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Media Campaign ◽  
Business World ◽  
Retail Business ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Types ◽  
The Times ◽  
A Company

Talk about retail business can not be separated from the importance of service to consumers and good quality goods . But at the present time due to intense competition in the business world , the service and quality of goods is not enough to be able to increase revenue and attract customers loyal . This makes companies think hard to survive and stable in the business . One of them is by using a media campaign in this regard more toward print or visual media is indirectly felt the value of their effectiveness in communicating product marketing programs . PT . Times Prima Indonesia is a company engaged in the retail book with the name of the Times bookstores . Based on the analysis of the company’s problems requires additional media types supporting more varied and creatif promotion of existing ones, which will be used as a complement and a media campaign as well as to enrich the data renewal campaign design to capture the interest of consumers in which one form of the media campaign is shaped merchandise . Therefore , do Enriching ( enrich ) media campaign merchandise before it is less varied and has not formed a company image . The methodology used is the analysis, observation and design . Besides the new design has been tested with the implemented test duration for 6 months, and greatly increases the perceived contribution , this is evidenced by the chart sales increasing each month.

An experience of performing spirometry by trained general practitioners

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-36
Author(s):  
M. A. Pokhaznikova ◽  
E. A. Andreeva ◽  
O. Yu. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioners ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Study Research ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Quality Of Research ◽  
Forced Expiratory Maneuver ◽  
Maximal Effort

The article discusses the experience of teaching and conducting spirometry of general practitioners as part of the RESPECT study (RESearch on the PrEvalence and the diagnosis of COPD and its Tobacco-related aetiology). A total of 33 trained in spirometry general practitioners performed a study of 3119 patients. Quality criteria met 84.1% of spirometric studies. The analysis of the most common mistakes made by doctors during the forced expiratory maneuver is included. The most frequent errors were expiration exhalation of less than 6s (54%), non-maximal effort throughout the test and lack of reproducibility (11.3%). Independent predictors of poor spirogram quality were male gender, obstruction (FEV1 /FVC<0.7), and the center where the study was performed. The number of good-quality spirograms ranged from 96.1% (95% CI 83.2–110.4) to 59.8% (95% CI 49.6–71.4) depending on the center. Subsequently, an analysis of the reasons behind the poor quality of research in individual centers was conducted and the identified shortcomings were eliminated. The poor quality of the spirograms was associated either with the errors of the doctors who undertook the study or with the technical malfunctions of the spirometer.

Desain Media Pembelajaran Geometri SMP Menggunakan 3D Pageflip Professional Berbasis RME Terintegrasi STEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Feri Tiona Pasaribu ◽  
Yelli Ramalisa
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Junior High Schools ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Student Questionnaire ◽  
Implementation Stages ◽  
The Media ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Geometry Learning

The focus of this research is to design geometry learning mediain junior high schools based on RME and integrated with Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) using 3D Pageflip Proffesional,and to explain quality of the learning media. In the process of design and development of this media used is the ADDIE development model which begins with the stages analysis, design, development, and  carried out an evaluation in each stages. Implementation stages will be continued in the following years research. This research resulted in a product in the form of geometry learning media in junior high schools especially eight grade according to purpose. Based on the validity test and practicality test the results obtained from the validation by material experts and media design experts were 4.09 namely 81.8% and 4.21 or 84.2%.Based on the criteria for the validity of the instrument, the criteria for "very valid" were obtained. And the practicality results, namely the results of teacher response questionnaire obtained an average of 4.26 or 85.19%, and the results of student questionnaire responses were 4.07 or 81.4%. Then based on the percentage criteria of practicality of the instrument, it is found that the criteria are very practical and the media can be implemented with minor revisions.

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