Vehicle Suspension Measurements: Evaluation of the Benefits of Dynamic over Quasistatic Kinematics and Compliance Testing3

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Wei ◽  
H. R. Dorfi
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Identification ◽  
Front Wheel ◽  
Front Axle ◽  
Power Supplies ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Dynamic Tests ◽  
Hydraulic Power ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Vehicle Response ◽  
Suspension Measurements

Abstract Vehicle dynamics packages can be used to simulate handling or braking maneuvers that would otherwise need to be performed outdoors. Many of the parameters for these types of vehicle models are determined through kinematics and compliance (K&C) measurements. Machines that perform these measurements apply various forces or moments and measure the response of the vehicle. The rate that these forces or moments are applied can be quasistatic or dynamic. Machines that are capable of performing dynamic tests are more expensive due to the need for inertia compensation, sensors that can acquire data at higher rates, and larger actuators or hydraulic power supplies. However, it is possible that measurements of dynamic vehicle response may increase the fidelity of parameter identification, compared to the sole use of quasistatic tests. One reason that parameter identification may be more accurate is the rate of force and moment application in dynamic tests is more like those in the actual maneuvers that are desirable to simulate. A study was performed to determine where the advantages of performing dynamic K&C testing lie. Quasistatic K&C tests, along with dynamic tests performed at several frequencies up to 3.0 Hz, were performed on the front axle of a front-wheel drive compact sedan, using an MTS Systems High-Rate K&C Machine. Assessment of any advantages of dynamic K&C testing has been made through correlations of the vehicle response between dynamic and quasistatic tests.

scholarly journals Performance of a special tractor as a function of ballasting and front-wheel drive in coffee harvesting

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Tiago De Oliveira Tavares ◽  
Matheus Anaan de Paula Borba ◽  
Luís Alexandre Michelli Gallo ◽  
Lucas Augusto da Silva Gírio ◽  
Carla Segatto Strini Paixão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Front Wheel ◽  
Front Axle ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Power Ratio ◽  
Fuel Cost ◽  
Statistical Process ◽  
Agricultural Mechanization ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Quantitative Alteration

One of the main concerns before agricultural mechanization is the fuel cost from an economic and environmental point of view. In some literature, it has been demonstrated that the adequacy of tractors is directly related to consumption, which may become a strategy to reduce it. However, the studies were performed with conventional tractors, without information on how the special coffee tractors behave to the adequacy. In this respect, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the hourly fuel consumption in six possible adjustments of a special tractor in the operation of mechanized coffee harvesting. A 4x2 FWD tractor was used, with 52.2 kW power and 2400 kg mass, with 40% to the front axle and 60% to the rear to pull a Master Café 2 coffee harvester with 2900 kg mass without load. The treatments consisted of three ballast configurations in the tractor whether or not using auxiliary front-wheel drive (FWD). The adopted mass-power ratios were: 48, 52 and 56 kg kW<em>-1</em>; obtained through the quantitative alteration of liquid and solid ballasts of the tractor, respecting the mass distribution between the axles recommended by the tractor manufacturer. The evaluations consisted of monitoring fuel consumption at regular hourly intervals, following the premises of statistical process control. It is concluded that the mass-power ratio of 56 kg kW<em>-1</em> with driven FWD should be used in order to obtain lower slipping, lower average hourly fuel consumption and higher quality.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF THE INFLATION PRESSURE OF THE TIRES ON LEAD OF FRONT DRIVE WHEELS AND MOVEMENT RESISTANCE FORCE OF TRACTORS

Transport ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 628-638
Author(s):  
Algirdas Janulevičius ◽  
Povilas Gurevičius
Keyword(s):  
Rear Axle ◽  
Front Wheel ◽  
Front Axle ◽  
Resistance Force ◽  
Inflation Pressure ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Braking Torque ◽  
Drive Axle ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Additional Losses

The transmission of mechanical front-wheel drive tractors normally has a front axle lead ratio, which is equal to 1.5…2.5%. Naturally, when ballast masses are added to the tractor or when inflation pressure in the tires is reduced, distortion of the tires is inevitable, which changes the lead of the front wheels. In this paper, we present the impact of tire inflation pressures on the lead front drive wheels and movement resistance force when the tractor travelled with a front drive axle enabled and was engine braking with the fuel supply off. It was found that the variation in front and rear tires inflation pressure combination can significantly change the lead of the front drive wheels. For the tested tractor up to 6.9%. The result is that when the tractor travelled with the front axle enabled and was engine braking, the engine-braking efficiency decreases with increasing lead of the front wheels. Front (slipping) wheels create the opposite-direction torque, which is transferred to the rear wheels through the tractor’s front-rear axle drive system. Additional losses of the engine braking occur in transmission due to power circulation, and the result is that the tractor wheels receive less braking torque from the engine.

Regular perturbations to the motion of a three-wheeled mobile robot with the front-wheel drive under restricted state variables*

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Chertovskih ◽  
Anna Daryina ◽  
Askhat Diveev ◽  
Dmitry Karamzin ◽  
Fernando L. Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Robot ◽  
Front Wheel ◽  
Wheeled Mobile Robot ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Wheel Drive

scholarly journals Ground maneuver for front-wheel drive aircraft via deep reinforcement learning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Zongxia Jiao ◽  
Yaoxing Shang ◽  
Xiaochao Liu ◽  
Pengyuan Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Front Wheel ◽  
Wheel Drive

Design Considerations for Full-Size, Front-Wheel-Drive Vehicles

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald L. Nordeen ◽  
Richard C. Manwaring ◽  
Dennis E. Condon
Keyword(s):  
Front Wheel ◽  
Full Size ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Wheel Drive

Modeling of nonlinear torsional vibration of the automotive powertrain

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1774-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio J Idehara ◽  
Fernando L Flach ◽  
Douglas Lemes
Keyword(s):  
Natural Frequency ◽  
Torsional Vibration ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Front Wheel ◽  
Torsional Stiffness ◽  
Bench Test ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Engine Torque ◽  
Friction Moment ◽  
Wheel Drive

A vibration model of the powertrain can be used to predict its dynamic behavior when excited by fluctuations in the engine torque and speed. The torsional vibration resulting from torque and speed fluctuations increases the rattle noise in the gearbox and it should be controlled or minimized in order to gain acceptance by clients and manufactures. The fact that the proprieties of the torsional damper integrated into the clutch disc alter the dynamic characteristic of the system is important in the automotive industry for design purposes. In this study, bench test results for the characteristics of a torsional damper for a clutch system (torsional stiffness and friction moment) and powertrain torsional vibration measurements taken in a passenger car were used to verify and calibrate the model. The adjusted model estimates the driveline natural frequency and the time response vibration. The analysis uses order tracking signal processing to isolate the response from the engine excitation (second-order). It is shown that a decrease in the stiffness of the clutch disc torsional damper lowers the natural frequency and an increase in the friction moment reduces the peak amplitude of the gearbox torsional vibration. The formulation and model adjustment showed that a nonlinear model with three degrees of freedom can represent satisfactorily the powertrain dynamics of a front-wheel drive passenger car.

scholarly journals Traction performance simulation for mechanical front wheel drive tractors: towards a practical computer tool

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2s) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Battiato ◽  
E. Diserens ◽  
L. Sartori
Keyword(s):  
Field Tests ◽  
Front Wheel ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Wheel Load ◽  
Computer Tool ◽  
Performance Simulation ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Silty Loam ◽  
Pulling Force ◽  
Drawbar Pull

An analytical model to simulate the traction performance of mechanical front wheel drive MFWD tractors was developed at the Agroscope Reckenholz-Tänikon ART. The model was validated via several field tests in which the relationship between drawbar pull and slip was measured for four MFWD tractors of power ranging between 40 and 123 kW on four arable soils of different texture (clay, clay loam, silty loam, and loamy sand). The pulling tests were carried out in steady-state controlling the pulling force along numerous corridors. Different configurations of tractors were considered by changing the wheel load and the tyre pressure. Simulations of traction performance matched experimental results with good agreement (mean error of 8% with maximum and minimum values of 17% and 1% respectively). The model was used as framework for developing a new module for the excel application TASCV3.0.xlsm, a practical computer tool which compares different tractor configurations, soil textures and conditions, in order to determine variants which make for better traction performance, this resulting in saving fuel and time, i.e. reducing the costs of tillage management.

Development of the Control Strategy for an Innovative 4WD Device

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Cheli ◽  
Paolo Dellacha` ◽  
Andrea Zorzutti
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Rear Wheel ◽  
Front Axle ◽  
Torque Distribution ◽  
Actuation System ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Wet Clutch ◽  
The One ◽  
Engine Crankshaft

The potentialities shown by controlled differentials are making the automotive industry to explore this field. While VDC systems can only guarantee a safe behaviour at limit, a controlled differential can also increase the handling performance. The system derives from a rear wheel drive architecture with a semi-active differential, to which has been added a controlled wet clutch that directly connects the front axle and the engine crankshaft. This device allows distributing the drive torque between the two axles, according to the constraints due to kinematics and thermal problems. It can be easily understood that in this device the torque distribution doesn’t depend only from the central clutch action, but also from the engaged gear. Because of that the central clutch controller has to consider the gear position too. The control algorithms development was carried on using a vehicle model which can precisely simulate the handling response, the powertrain dynamic and the actuation system behaviour. A right powertrain response required the development of a customize library in Simulink. The approach chosen to carry on this research was the one used in automotive industry nowadays: an intensive simulation campaign was executed to realize an initial controller design and tuning.

Drive and Brake Joint Control of Acceleration Slip Regulation Road Test

2014 ◽  
Vol 971-973 ◽  
pp. 454-457
Author(s):  
Gang He ◽  
Li Qiang Jin
Keyword(s):  
Front Wheel ◽  
Driving Ability ◽  
Joint Control ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Road Test ◽  
Wheel Slip ◽  
Traction Control ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Driving Wheel ◽  
Independent Design

Based on the independent design front wheel drive vehicle traction control system (TCS), we finished the two kinds of working condition winter low adhesion real vehicle road test, including homogenous pavement and separate pavement straight accelerate, respectively completed the contrastive experiment with TCS and without TCS. Test results show that based on driver (AMR) and brake (BMR) joint control ASR system worked reliably, controlled effectively, being able to control excessive driving wheel slip in time, effectively improved the driving ability and handling stability of vehicle.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document