scholarly journals Insulinemic and Inflammatory Dietary Patterns Show Enhanced Predictive Potential for Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Postmenopausal Women

Diabetes Care ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. dc202216
Author(s):  
Qi Jin ◽  
Ni Shi ◽  
Desmond Aroke ◽  
Dong Hoon Lee ◽  
Joshua J. Joseph ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Diabetes Risk

scholarly journals Insulinemic and Inflammatory Dietary Patterns Show Enhanced Predictive Potential for Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Postmenopausal Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Jin ◽  
Ni Shi ◽  
Desmond Aroke ◽  
Dong Hoon Lee ◽  
Joshua J. Joseph ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Dietary Index

<b>Objective:</b> The empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia(EDIH) and empirical dietary inflammatory pattern(EDIP) scores assess the insulinemic and inflammatory potentials of habitual dietary patterns, irrespective of the macronutrient content, and are based on plasma insulin response or inflammatory biomarkers, respectively. The glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) assess postprandial glycemic potential based on dietary carbohydrate content. We tested the hypothesis that dietary patterns promoting hyperinsulinemia, chronic inflammation, or hyperglycemia may influence type 2 diabetes risk. <p><b>Research Design and Methods</b><b>:</b> We calculated dietary scores from baseline (1993-1998) food frequency questionnaires among 73,495 postmenopausal women in the Women’s Health Initiative, followed through March 2019. We used multivariable-adjusted Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for type 2 diabetes risk. We also estimated multivariable-adjusted absolute risk of type 2 diabetes. </p> <p><b>Results:</b> During a median 13.3 years of follow-up, 11,009 incident type 2 diabetes cases were diagnosed. Participants consuming the most hyperinsulinemic or proinflammatory dietary patterns experienced greater risk of type 2 diabetes: HRs(95%CI) comparing highest to lowest dietary index quintiles were: EDIH: 1.49 (1.32-1.68),P<sub>trend</sub><.0001; EDIP: 1.45 (1.29-1.63),P<sub>trend</sub><.0001). The absolute excess incidence for the same comparison was +220 (EDIH) and +271 (EDIP) cases per 100,000 person-years. GI and GL were not associated with type 2 diabetes risk: GI: 0.99 (0.88-1.12),P<sub>trend</sub>=0.46; GL: 1.01 (0.89, 1.16),P<sub>trend</sub>=0.30. </p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> <a>Our findings in this diverse cohort of postmenopausal women, suggest that lowering the insulinemic and inflammatory potentials of the diet may be more effective in preventing type 2 diabetes than focusing on glycemic foods.</a> </p>

scholarly journals Insulinemic and Inflammatory Dietary Patterns Show Enhanced Predictive Potential for Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Postmenopausal Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Jin ◽  
Ni Shi ◽  
Desmond Aroke ◽  
Dong Hoon Lee ◽  
Joshua J. Joseph ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Dietary Index

<b>Objective:</b> The empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia(EDIH) and empirical dietary inflammatory pattern(EDIP) scores assess the insulinemic and inflammatory potentials of habitual dietary patterns, irrespective of the macronutrient content, and are based on plasma insulin response or inflammatory biomarkers, respectively. The glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) assess postprandial glycemic potential based on dietary carbohydrate content. We tested the hypothesis that dietary patterns promoting hyperinsulinemia, chronic inflammation, or hyperglycemia may influence type 2 diabetes risk. <p><b>Research Design and Methods</b><b>:</b> We calculated dietary scores from baseline (1993-1998) food frequency questionnaires among 73,495 postmenopausal women in the Women’s Health Initiative, followed through March 2019. We used multivariable-adjusted Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for type 2 diabetes risk. We also estimated multivariable-adjusted absolute risk of type 2 diabetes. </p> <p><b>Results:</b> During a median 13.3 years of follow-up, 11,009 incident type 2 diabetes cases were diagnosed. Participants consuming the most hyperinsulinemic or proinflammatory dietary patterns experienced greater risk of type 2 diabetes: HRs(95%CI) comparing highest to lowest dietary index quintiles were: EDIH: 1.49 (1.32-1.68),P<sub>trend</sub><.0001; EDIP: 1.45 (1.29-1.63),P<sub>trend</sub><.0001). The absolute excess incidence for the same comparison was +220 (EDIH) and +271 (EDIP) cases per 100,000 person-years. GI and GL were not associated with type 2 diabetes risk: GI: 0.99 (0.88-1.12),P<sub>trend</sub>=0.46; GL: 1.01 (0.89, 1.16),P<sub>trend</sub>=0.30. </p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> <a>Our findings in this diverse cohort of postmenopausal women, suggest that lowering the insulinemic and inflammatory potentials of the diet may be more effective in preventing type 2 diabetes than focusing on glycemic foods.</a> </p>

scholarly journals Dietary manganese, plasma markers of inflammation, and the development of type 2 diabetes in postmenopausal women: findings from the Women’s Health Initiative

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Ho Gong ◽  
Kenneth Lo ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Shuiqing Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Control Study

Objective<b>: </b>To examine the association between manganese intake and the risk of type 2 diabetes in postmenopausal women and determine whether this association is mediated by circulating markers of inflammation. <p>Research Design and Methods: We included 84,285 postmenopausal women without history of diabetes from the national Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study (WHI-OS). Replication analysis was then conducted among 62,338 women participated in the WHI-Clinical Trial (WHI-CT). Additionally, data from a case-control study of 3,749 women nested in the WHI-OS with information on biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction were examined using mediation analysis to determine the relative contributions of these known biomarkers by which manganese affect T2D risk.</p> <p>Results: Compared with the lowest quintile of energy-adjusted dietary manganese, WHI-OS participants in the highest quintile had a 30% lower risk of type 2 diabetes (hazards ratio [HR] 0.70 [95% CI 0.65, 0.76]). A consistent association was also confirmed in the WHI-CT (HR 0.79 [95% CI 0.73, 0.85]). In the nested case-control study, higher energy-adjusted dietary manganese was associated with lower circulating levels of inflammatory biomarkers that significantly mediated the association between dietary manganese and type 2 diabetes risk. Specifically, 19% and 12% of type 2 diabetes risk due to manganese were mediated through interleukin 6 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, respectively.</p> <p>Conclusions: Higher intake of manganese was directly associated with a lower type 2 diabetes risk independent of known risk factors. This association may be partially mediated by inflammatory biomarkers.</p>

scholarly journals Dietary manganese, plasma markers of inflammation, and the development of type 2 diabetes in postmenopausal women: findings from the Women’s Health Initiative

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Ho Gong ◽  
Kenneth Lo ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Shuiqing Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Control Study

Objective<b>: </b>To examine the association between manganese intake and the risk of type 2 diabetes in postmenopausal women and determine whether this association is mediated by circulating markers of inflammation. <p>Research Design and Methods: We included 84,285 postmenopausal women without history of diabetes from the national Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study (WHI-OS). Replication analysis was then conducted among 62,338 women participated in the WHI-Clinical Trial (WHI-CT). Additionally, data from a case-control study of 3,749 women nested in the WHI-OS with information on biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction were examined using mediation analysis to determine the relative contributions of these known biomarkers by which manganese affect T2D risk.</p> <p>Results: Compared with the lowest quintile of energy-adjusted dietary manganese, WHI-OS participants in the highest quintile had a 30% lower risk of type 2 diabetes (hazards ratio [HR] 0.70 [95% CI 0.65, 0.76]). A consistent association was also confirmed in the WHI-CT (HR 0.79 [95% CI 0.73, 0.85]). In the nested case-control study, higher energy-adjusted dietary manganese was associated with lower circulating levels of inflammatory biomarkers that significantly mediated the association between dietary manganese and type 2 diabetes risk. Specifically, 19% and 12% of type 2 diabetes risk due to manganese were mediated through interleukin 6 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, respectively.</p> <p>Conclusions: Higher intake of manganese was directly associated with a lower type 2 diabetes risk independent of known risk factors. This association may be partially mediated by inflammatory biomarkers.</p>

scholarly journals Empirically derived dietary patterns and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis on prospective observational studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Maghsoudi ◽  
Reza Ghiasvand ◽  
Amin Salehi-Abargouei
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Phytochemical Content

AbstractObjectiveTo systematically review prospective cohort studies about the association between dietary patterns and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence, and to quantify the effects using a meta-analysis.DesignDatabases such as PubMed, ISI Web of Science, SCOPUS and Google Scholar were searched up to 15 January 2015. Cohort studies which tried to examine the association between empirically derived dietary patterns and incident T2DM were selected. The relative risks (RR) and their 95 % confidence intervals for diabetes among participants with highest v. lowest adherence to derived dietary patterns were incorporated into meta-analysis using random-effects models.ResultsTen studies (n 404 528) were enrolled in the systematic review and meta-analysis; our analysis revealed that adherence to the ‘healthy’ dietary patterns significantly reduced the risk of T2DM (RR=0·86; 95 % CI 0·82, 0·90), while the ‘unhealthy’ dietary patterns adversely affected diabetes risk (RR=1·30; 95 % CI 1·18, 1·43). Subgroup analysis showed that unhealthy dietary patterns in which foods with high phytochemical content were also loaded did not significantly increase T2DM risk (RR=1·06; 95 % CI 0·87, 1·30).Conclusions‘Healthy’ dietary patterns containing vegetables, fruits and whole grains can lower diabetes risk by 14 %. Consuming higher amounts of red and processed meats, high-fat dairy and refined grains in the context of ‘unhealthy’ dietary patterns will increase diabetes risk by 30 %; while including foods with high phytochemical content in these patterns can modify this effect.

scholarly journals Cholesterol and egg intakes and the risk of type 2 diabetes: The Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (10) ◽  
pp. 1636-1643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayo Kurotani ◽  
Akiko Nanri ◽  
Atsushi Goto ◽  
Tetsuya Mizoue ◽  
Mitsuhiko Noda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Dietary Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Public Health Center ◽  
Cholesterol Intake

Limited and inconsistent associations between cholesterol and egg consumption and type 2 diabetes risk have been observed in Western countries. In the present study, the association of dietary cholesterol and egg intakes with type 2 diabetes risk was examined prospectively. The study subjects comprised 27 248 men and 36 218 women aged 45–75 years who participated in the second survey of the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study and had no histories of type 2 diabetes or other serious diseases. Dietary cholesterol and egg intakes were estimated using a validated 147-item FFQ. The OR of self-reported, physician-diagnosed type 2 diabetes over 5 years were estimated using multiple logistic regression. A total of 1165 newly diagnosed cases of type 2 diabetes were self-reported. Although dietary cholesterol intake was not associated with type 2 diabetes risk in men, it was found to be associated with a 23 % lower odds of type 2 diabetes risk in women in the highest quartile of intake, albeit not statistically significant, compared with those in the lowest quartile (Ptrend= 0·08). Such risk reduction was somewhat greater among postmenopausal women; the multivariable-adjusted OR for the highest quartile of cholesterol intake compared with the lowest quartile was 0·68 (95 % CI 0·49, 0·94; Ptrend= 0·04). No association between egg intake and type 2 diabetes risk was found in either men or women. In conclusion, higher intake of cholesterol or eggs may not be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in Japanese populations. The observed association between decreased type 2 diabetes risk and higher dietary cholesterol intake in postmenopausal women warrants further investigation.

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