scholarly journals Zinc- 2-Glycoprotein Is Associated With Insulin Resistance in Humans and Is Regulated by Hyperglycemia, Hyperinsulinemia, or Liraglutide Administration: Cross-sectional and interventional studies in normal subjects, insulin-resistant subjects, and subjects with newly diagnosed diabetes

Diabetes Care ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 1074-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yang ◽  
R. Liu ◽  
S. Li ◽  
Y. Luo ◽  
Y. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Diagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Newly Diagnosed Diabetes

scholarly journals Validation of the Swedish Diabetes Re-Grouping Scheme in Adult-Onset Diabetes in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (10) ◽  
pp. e3519-e3528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Li ◽  
Shuting Yang ◽  
Chuqing Cao ◽  
Xiang Yan ◽  
Lei Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Onset Diabetes ◽  
Adult Onset Diabetes ◽  
Diagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Newly Diagnosed Diabetes

Abstract Context This study applied the Swedish novel data-driven classification in Chinese newly diagnosed diabetic patients and validated its adoptability. Objective This study aimed to validate the practicality of the Swedish diabetes regrouping scheme in Chinese adults with newly diagnosed diabetes. Design Patients were classified into 5 subgroups by K-means and Two-Step methods according to 6 clinical parameters. Setting Ambulatory care. Patients A cross-sectional survey of 15 772 patients with adult-onset newly diagnosed diabetes was conducted in China from April 2015 to October 2017. Intervention None. Main Outcome Measures Six parameters including glutamate decarboxylase antibodies (GADA), age of onset, body mass index (BMI), glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homoeostatic model assessment 2 estimates of β-cell function (HOMA2-B) and insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) were measured to calculate the patient subgroups. Results Our patients clustered into 5 subgroups: 6.2% were in the severe autoimmune diabetes (SAID) subgroup, 24.8% were in the severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD) subgroup, 16.6% were in the severe insulin-resistance diabetes (SIRD) subgroup, 21.6% were in the mild obesity-related diabetes (MOD) subgroup and 30.9% were in the mild age-related diabetes (MARD) subgroup. When compared with the Swedish population, the proportion of SIDD subgroup was higher. In general, Chinese patients had younger age, lower BMI, higher HbA1c, lower HOMA2-B and HOMA2-IR, and higher insulin use but lower metformin usage than the Swedish patients. Conclusion The Swedish diabetes regrouping scheme is applicable to adult-onset diabetes in China, with a high proportion of patients with the severe insulin deficient diabetes. Further validations of long-term diabetes complications remain warranted in future studies.

scholarly journals Age at first childbirth and newly diagnosed diabetes among postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional analysis of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)

2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-269
Author(s):  
James Yarmolinsky ◽  
Bruce Bartholow Duncan ◽  
Sandhi Maria Barreto ◽  
Maria de Fátima Sander Diniz ◽  
Dora Chor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Onset Diabetes ◽  
Adult Onset Diabetes ◽  
Diagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Newly Diagnosed Diabetes

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: It has been reported that earlier age at first childbirth may increase the risk of adult-onset diabetes among postmenopausal women, a novel finding with important public health implications. To date, however, no known studies have attempted to replicate this finding. We aimed to test the hypothesis that age at first childbirth is associated with the risk of adult-onset diabetes among postmenopausal women. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional analysis using baseline data from 2919 middle-aged and elderly postmenopausal women in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). METHODS: Age at first childbirth was determined from self-reporting and newly diagnosed diabetes through a 2-hour 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and/or glycated hemoglobin. Logistic regression was performed to examine associations between age at first childbirth and newly diagnosed diabetes among postmenopausal women. RESULTS: We did not find any association between age at first childbirth and diabetes, either when minimally adjusted for age, race and study center (odds ratio, OR [95% confidence interval, CI]: ≤ 19 years: 1.15 [0.82-1.59], 20-24 years: 0.90 [0.66-1.23] and ≥ 30 years: 0.86 [0.63-1.17] versus 25-29 years; P = 0.36) or when fully adjusted for childhood and adult factors (OR [95% CI]: ≤ 19 years: 0.95 [0.67-1.34], 20-24 years: 0.78 [0.56-1.07] and ≥ 30 years: 0.84 [0.61-1.16] versus 25-29 years; P = 0.40). CONCLUSION: Our current analysis does not support the existence of an association between age at first childbirth and adult-onset diabetes among postmenopausal women, which had been reported previously.

scholarly journals Effects of Glucose Load and Nateglinide Intervention on Endothelial Function and Oxidative Stress

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leilei Wang ◽  
Lixin Guo ◽  
Lina Zhang ◽  
Yan Zhou ◽  
Qinghua He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Loading ◽  
Diagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Newly Diagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Effect Of Glucose ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

We analysed endothelial function and oxidative stress in patients with abnormal glucose metabolism, the effect of glucose load, and the impact of nateglinide. 109 participants were grouped into newly diagnosed diabetes, prediabetes, and control. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and glycated albumin (GA) varied significantly among the study groups (P<0.01). Nitric oxide (NO) and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IRI) levels were markedly different between the newly diagnosed diabetes and the control (P<0.01). Glucose loading lowered flow-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation (FMEDD), NO, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (P<0.01). Fasting and glucose loading FMEDD, FPG, PPG,HbA1c, and GA were negatively correlated (r=-0.4573, −0.4602, −0.3895, −0.3897, andr=-0.4594, −0.4803, −0.4494, −0.3885;P<0.01), whereas NO, SOD, and HOMA-βwere positively correlated (r=0.2983, 0.3211, 0.311, andr=0.1954, 0.361, 0.2569;P<0.05). After the treatment with nateglinide, significant decreases in FPG, PPG, GA, HbA1C, endothelin-1(ET-1), malondialdehyde (MDA), and HOMA-IRI were observed, whereas FMEDD, NO, and SOD increased (P<0.01). Thus, the study demonstrated the adverse effect of glucose load on endothelial function and oxidative stress. Nateglinide lowers blood glucose, reduces insulin resistance and oxidative stress, and improves endothelial function in newly diagnosed diabetes.

scholarly journals Associations of Insulin Resistance and Beta Cell Function with Abnormal Lipid Profile in Newly Diagnosed Diabetes: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohan Tang ◽  
Xiang Yan ◽  
Houde Zhou ◽  
Gan Huang ◽  
Xiaohong Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Diagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Newly Diagnosed Diabetes

Abstract Background: Abnormal lipids are strong predictive factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in both type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the potential associations of insulin resistance (IR) and beta cell function (BCF) in diabetes and abnormal lipids, i.e. high triglyceride (TG), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) are not fully understood. In this study, we aim to explore whether decreased BCF and increased IR in newly diagnosed T1DM or T2DM are associated with abnormal lipids.Methods: Clinical and laboratory data were collected from 16334 adults with newly diagnosed diabetes in this cross-sectional study. Types of diabetes were diagnosed based on clinical characteristics and diabetes-related biochemical measurement results. Homeostasis model assessment were used to estimate IR and BCF. Restricted cubic spline and binary logistic regression were used to examine the associations of IR or BCF and abnormal lipids in T1DM and T2DM, respectively. Results: High TG, low HDL-C and high LDL-C accounted for 49.7%, 47.7% and 59.2%, respectively. In multivariable analysis, high IR was associated with increased risk of high TG (Odds ratios (ORs) of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) ≥2, ≥1-<2 vs <1: 4.77, 95% CI 2.69-8.57; 2.31, 95% CI 1.54-3.47, p for trend < 0.001) in T1DM and was associated with elevated risk of high TG, low HDL-C and high LDL-C (all p for trend <0.01) in T2DM. Low BCF, i.e., homeostasis model assessment of beta-cell function (HOMA2-B) <30 versus ≥30, was associated with marginally increased risk of high TG (OR 1.42, 95% CI 0.98-2.10, p = 0.07) in T1DM and associated with increased risk of high TG (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.09-1.34, p <0.001) and high LDL-C (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.12-1.36, p <0.001) in T2DM.Conclusions: In patients with newly diagnosed diabetes, high IR and low BCF had different associations with risk of dyslipidemia in T1DM and T2DM, suggesting that early treatment that improve IR or BCF may have a benefit for abnormal lipid metabolism.

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