scholarly journals Effects of Glucose Load and Nateglinide Intervention on Endothelial Function and Oxidative Stress

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leilei Wang ◽  
Lixin Guo ◽  
Lina Zhang ◽  
Yan Zhou ◽  
Qinghua He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Loading ◽  
Diagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Newly Diagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Effect Of Glucose ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

We analysed endothelial function and oxidative stress in patients with abnormal glucose metabolism, the effect of glucose load, and the impact of nateglinide. 109 participants were grouped into newly diagnosed diabetes, prediabetes, and control. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and glycated albumin (GA) varied significantly among the study groups (P<0.01). Nitric oxide (NO) and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IRI) levels were markedly different between the newly diagnosed diabetes and the control (P<0.01). Glucose loading lowered flow-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation (FMEDD), NO, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (P<0.01). Fasting and glucose loading FMEDD, FPG, PPG,HbA1c, and GA were negatively correlated (r=-0.4573, −0.4602, −0.3895, −0.3897, andr=-0.4594, −0.4803, −0.4494, −0.3885;P<0.01), whereas NO, SOD, and HOMA-βwere positively correlated (r=0.2983, 0.3211, 0.311, andr=0.1954, 0.361, 0.2569;P<0.05). After the treatment with nateglinide, significant decreases in FPG, PPG, GA, HbA1C, endothelin-1(ET-1), malondialdehyde (MDA), and HOMA-IRI were observed, whereas FMEDD, NO, and SOD increased (P<0.01). Thus, the study demonstrated the adverse effect of glucose load on endothelial function and oxidative stress. Nateglinide lowers blood glucose, reduces insulin resistance and oxidative stress, and improves endothelial function in newly diagnosed diabetes.

scholarly journals Association of Sympathovagal Imbalance with Cognitive Deficit, Insulin Resistance and Oxidative Stress in Newly Diagnosed Hypertension

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Subathra Thiruchengodu Ammaiyappan ◽  
Gopal Krushna Pal ◽  
Dhanalakshmi Yerrabelli ◽  
Pravati Pal ◽  
Nivedita Nanda
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cognitive Deficit ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Sympathovagal Imbalance ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Validation of the Swedish Diabetes Re-Grouping Scheme in Adult-Onset Diabetes in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (10) ◽  
pp. e3519-e3528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Li ◽  
Shuting Yang ◽  
Chuqing Cao ◽  
Xiang Yan ◽  
Lei Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Onset Diabetes ◽  
Adult Onset Diabetes ◽  
Diagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Newly Diagnosed Diabetes

Abstract Context This study applied the Swedish novel data-driven classification in Chinese newly diagnosed diabetic patients and validated its adoptability. Objective This study aimed to validate the practicality of the Swedish diabetes regrouping scheme in Chinese adults with newly diagnosed diabetes. Design Patients were classified into 5 subgroups by K-means and Two-Step methods according to 6 clinical parameters. Setting Ambulatory care. Patients A cross-sectional survey of 15 772 patients with adult-onset newly diagnosed diabetes was conducted in China from April 2015 to October 2017. Intervention None. Main Outcome Measures Six parameters including glutamate decarboxylase antibodies (GADA), age of onset, body mass index (BMI), glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homoeostatic model assessment 2 estimates of β-cell function (HOMA2-B) and insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) were measured to calculate the patient subgroups. Results Our patients clustered into 5 subgroups: 6.2% were in the severe autoimmune diabetes (SAID) subgroup, 24.8% were in the severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD) subgroup, 16.6% were in the severe insulin-resistance diabetes (SIRD) subgroup, 21.6% were in the mild obesity-related diabetes (MOD) subgroup and 30.9% were in the mild age-related diabetes (MARD) subgroup. When compared with the Swedish population, the proportion of SIDD subgroup was higher. In general, Chinese patients had younger age, lower BMI, higher HbA1c, lower HOMA2-B and HOMA2-IR, and higher insulin use but lower metformin usage than the Swedish patients. Conclusion The Swedish diabetes regrouping scheme is applicable to adult-onset diabetes in China, with a high proportion of patients with the severe insulin deficient diabetes. Further validations of long-term diabetes complications remain warranted in future studies.

Early experimental obesity is associated with coronary endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (2) ◽  
pp. H904-H911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Offer Galili ◽  
Daniele Versari ◽  
Katherine J. Sattler ◽  
Monica L. Olson ◽  
Dallit Mannheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Microvascular Permeability ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress ◽  
Coronary Endothelium ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Obesity is independently associated with increased cardiovascular risk. However, since established obesity clusters with various cardiovascular risk factors, configuring the metabolic syndrome, the early effects of obesity on vascular function are still poorly understood. The current study was designed to evaluate the effect of early obesity on coronary endothelial function in a new animal model of swine obesity. As to method, juvenile domestic crossbred pigs were randomized to either high-fat/high-calorie diet (HF) or normal chow diet for 12 wk. Coronary microvascular permeability and abdominal wall fat were determined by using electron beam computerized tomography. Epicardial endothelial function and oxidative stress were measured in vitro. Systemic oxidative stress, renin-angiotensin activity, leptin levels, and parameters of insulin sensitivity were evaluated. As a result, HF pigs were characterized by abdominal obesity, hypertension, and elevated plasma lysophosphatidylcholine and leptin in the presence of increased insulin sensitivity. Coronary endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation was reduced in HF pigs and myocardial microvascular permeability increased compared with those values in normal pigs. Systemic redox status in HF pigs was similar to that in normal pigs, whereas the coronary endothelium demonstrated higher content of superoxide anions, nitrotyrosine, and NADPH-oxidase subunits, indicating increased tissue oxidative stress. In conclusion, the current study shows that early obesity is characterized by increased vascular oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in association with increased levels of leptin and before the development of insulin resistance and systemic oxidative stress. Vascular dysfunction is therefore an early manifestation of obesity and might contribute to the increased cardiovascular risk, independently of insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Associations of Insulin Resistance and Beta Cell Function with Abnormal Lipid Profile in Newly Diagnosed Diabetes: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohan Tang ◽  
Xiang Yan ◽  
Houde Zhou ◽  
Gan Huang ◽  
Xiaohong Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Diagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Newly Diagnosed Diabetes

Abstract Background: Abnormal lipids are strong predictive factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in both type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the potential associations of insulin resistance (IR) and beta cell function (BCF) in diabetes and abnormal lipids, i.e. high triglyceride (TG), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) are not fully understood. In this study, we aim to explore whether decreased BCF and increased IR in newly diagnosed T1DM or T2DM are associated with abnormal lipids.Methods: Clinical and laboratory data were collected from 16334 adults with newly diagnosed diabetes in this cross-sectional study. Types of diabetes were diagnosed based on clinical characteristics and diabetes-related biochemical measurement results. Homeostasis model assessment were used to estimate IR and BCF. Restricted cubic spline and binary logistic regression were used to examine the associations of IR or BCF and abnormal lipids in T1DM and T2DM, respectively. Results: High TG, low HDL-C and high LDL-C accounted for 49.7%, 47.7% and 59.2%, respectively. In multivariable analysis, high IR was associated with increased risk of high TG (Odds ratios (ORs) of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) ≥2, ≥1-<2 vs <1: 4.77, 95% CI 2.69-8.57; 2.31, 95% CI 1.54-3.47, p for trend < 0.001) in T1DM and was associated with elevated risk of high TG, low HDL-C and high LDL-C (all p for trend <0.01) in T2DM. Low BCF, i.e., homeostasis model assessment of beta-cell function (HOMA2-B) <30 versus ≥30, was associated with marginally increased risk of high TG (OR 1.42, 95% CI 0.98-2.10, p = 0.07) in T1DM and associated with increased risk of high TG (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.09-1.34, p <0.001) and high LDL-C (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.12-1.36, p <0.001) in T2DM.Conclusions: In patients with newly diagnosed diabetes, high IR and low BCF had different associations with risk of dyslipidemia in T1DM and T2DM, suggesting that early treatment that improve IR or BCF may have a benefit for abnormal lipid metabolism.

Abstract #502: Newly Diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus Presenting as Chylomicronemia Syndrome an Uncommon Presentation of a Common Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Maha Sulieman ◽  
Delamo Isaac Bekele ◽  
Jennifer Marquita Carter ◽  
Rabia Cherqaoui ◽  
Vijaya Ganta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Uncommon Presentation ◽  
Diagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Newly Diagnosed Diabetes
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document