159-OR: Changes of Plasma Phospholipid Fatty Acids in Pregnancy in Relation to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Gestational Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 159-OR
Author(s):  
LING-JUN LI ◽  
YEYI ZHU ◽  
JING WU ◽  
DEIRDRE K. TOBIAS ◽  
STEFANIE HINKLE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Plasma Phospholipid ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acids ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Changes of Plasma Phospholipid Fatty Acids Profiles in Pregnancy in Relation to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingjun Li ◽  
Yeyi Zhu ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
Stefanie N Hinkle ◽  
Deirdre K Tobias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Plasma Phospholipid ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acids ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background Plasma phospholipid fatty acids (FAs) in early and mid-pregnancy have been prospectively related to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk. Yet, changes of FAs following GDM diagnosis and treatment and their implications for glucose metabolism and control remain understudied. Methods From the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Child Health and Human Development Fetal Growth Studies–Singleton Cohort of 2802 pregnant women, we ascertained 85 GDM cases using the Carpenter and Coustan criteria and 85 non-GDM controls after exclusion. Using plasma collected before (23–31 weeks) and after GDM diagnosis (33–39 weeks), we quantified 25 saturated, poly- and monounsaturated FAs levels. We estimated the fold change of FAs before and after GDM diagnosis, using multiple linear mixed models adjusting for confounders. Results Eight FAs showed significant fold changes from the baseline values (23–31 weeks) among GDM cases as compared to women without GDM. Five FAs showed reduced fold changes [myristic acid (14:0): β: −0.22 (95% CI: −0.30, −0.14), palmitic acid (16:0): β: −0.02 (95% CI: −0.04, −0.01), cis-palmitoleic acid (16:1n7): β: −0.15 (95% CI: −0.24, −0.05), alpha-linolenic acid (18:3n3): β: −0.19 (95% CI: −0.31, −0.07], and dihomo-gamma-linoleic acid (20:3n6): β:−0.16; 95% CI: −0.21, −0.11)], whereas 3 showed increases [heptadecanoic acid (17:0): β: 0.17 (95% CI: 0.11, 0.22), cis-vaccenic acid (18:1n7): β: 0.06 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.10), and arachidonic acid (20:4n6): β: 0.10 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.13)]. Conclusions Our study identified 8 FAs with unique patterns of change before and after GDM diagnosis that differed significantly between women with and without GDM. Our findings may shed light on the role of FA metabolism in the pathophysiology and disease management and progression of GDM. Clinical Trial Registry NCT00912132

scholarly journals The Role of Arachidonic and Linoleic Acid Derivatives in Pathological Pregnancies and the Human Reproduction Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9628
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Szczuko ◽  
Justyna Kikut ◽  
Natalia Komorniak ◽  
Jacek Bilicki ◽  
Zbigniew Celewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Male Reproduction ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
In Pregnancy

The aim of the available literature review was to focus on the role of the proinflammatory mediators of AA and LA derivatives in pathological conditions related to reproduction and pregnancy. Arachidonic (AA) and linoleic acid (LA) derivatives play important roles in human fertility and the course of pathological pregnancies. Recent studies have demonstrated that uncontrolled inflammation has a significant impact on reproduction, spermatogenesis, endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) genesis, implantation, pregnancy and labor. In addition, cyclooxygenase-mediated prostaglandins and AA metabolite levels are higher in women’s ovarian tissue when suffering from PCOS. It has been demonstrated that abnormal cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) levels are associated with ovulation failure, infertility, and implantation disorders and the increase in 9-HODE/13-HODE was a feature recognized in PCOS patients. Maintaining inflammation without neutrophil participation allows pregnant women to tolerate the fetus, while excessive inflammatory activation may lead to miscarriages and other pathological complications in pregnancies. Additionally AA and LA derivatives play an important role in pregnancy pathologies, e.g., gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia (PE), and fetal growth, among others. The pathogenesis of PE and other pathological states in pregnancy involving eicosanoids have not been fully identified. A significant expression of 15-LOX-1,2 was found in women with PE, leading to an increase in the synthesis of AA and LA derivatives, such as hydroxyeicozatetraenoic acids (HETE) and hydroxyoctadecadiene acids (HODE). Synthesis of the metabolites 5-, 8-, 12-, and 15-HETE increased in the placenta, while 20-HETE increased only in umbilical cord blood in women with preeclampsia compared to normal pregnancies. In obese women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) an increase in epoxygenase products in the cytochrome P450 (CYP) and the level of 20-HETE associated with the occurrence of insulin resistance (IR) were found. In addition, 12- and 20-HETE levels were associated with arterial vasoconstriction and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) with arterial vasodilatation and uterine relaxation. Furthermore, higher levels of 5- and 15-HETE were associated with premature labor. By analyzing the influence of free fatty acids (FFA) and their derivatives on male reproduction, it was found that an increase in the AA in semen reduces its amount and the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids showed higher values in infertile men compared to the fertile control group. There are several studies on the role of HETE/HODE in relation to male fertility. 15-Hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid may affect the integrity of the membrane and sperm function. Moreover, the incubation of sperm with physiologically low levels of prostaglandins (PGE2/PGF2α) improves the functionality of human sperm. Undoubtedly, these problems are still insufficiently understood and require further research. However, HETE and HODE could serve as predictive and diagnostic biomarkers for pregnancy pathologies (especially in women with risk factors for overweight and obesity). Such knowledge may be helpful in finding new treatment strategies for infertility and the course of high-risk pregnancies.

scholarly journals Validation of a FFQ to estimate the intake of PUFA using plasma phospholipid fatty acids and weighed foods records

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. McNaughton ◽  
M. C. Hughes ◽  
G. C. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Plasma Phospholipid ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acids ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Dietary Assessment Methods ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Due to the growing knowledge about the role of specific fatty acids in health and disease, dietary intake measurements of individual fatty acids or classes of fatty acids are becoming increasingly important. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of the Nambour FFQ to estimate intakes of specific fatty acids, particularly PUFA. The study population was a sub-sample of adult participants in a randomised controlled trial of β-carotene and sunscreen in the prevention of skin cancer (n43). Dietary intake was assessed by a self-administered FFQ and a weighed food record (WFR). Non-fasting blood samples were collected and analysed for plasma phospholipid fatty acids. Median intakes on the FFQ were generally higher than the WFR except for then-3 PUFA groups, where the FFQ estimated higher intakes. Correlations between the FFQ and WFR were moderate (r0·32–0·59) except fortransfatty acids (r0·03). Correlations between each of the dietary assessment methods and the plasma phospholipids were poor for all fatty acids other than the PUFA. Using the methods of triads approach, the FFQ validity coefficients for totaln-3 fatty acids, total long chainn-3 fatty acids, EPA, arachidonic acid, docosapentaenoic acid and DHA were 0·50, 0·63, 0·45 and 0·62 and 0·62, respectively. For most fatty acids, the FFQ adequately estimates group mean fatty acid intakes and can adequately rank individuals; however, the ability of this FFQ to estimatetransfatty acids was poor.

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