321-LB: The Link between Obesity and Changes in Epigenetic Marks in Adipose Tissue—In Vivo Study

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 321-LB
Author(s):  
ANETA ALAMA ◽  
DOROTA PAWE?KA ◽  
ANETA MYSZCZYSZYN ◽  
MALGORZATA MALODOBRA-MAZUR
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Epigenetic Marks

scholarly journals Effects of Berries on High-Fat Diet-Induced Inflammation

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 449-449
Author(s):  
Patricia Perez ◽  
Desiree Wanders ◽  
Hannah Land ◽  
Kathryn Chiang ◽  
Rami Najjar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Objectives Studies suggest that inflammation mediates the link between obesity and its comorbidities including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Hence, there is a demand for effective alternative or complementary approaches to treat obesity-associated inflammation. The objective of this study was to determine whether consumption of blackberries (BL) and raspberries (RB) alone or in combination reduce obesity-induced inflammation. Methods In Vitro Study: RAW 264.7 macrophages were pretreated with either BL, RB, or BL + RB, each at a final concentration of 200 µg/mL for 2 h. LPS (1 ng/mL) was then added to the media for 16 h. mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines was measured. In Vivo Study: Five-week-old mice were acclimated to a low-fat low-sucrose (LFLS) diet for one week after which mice were randomized 10 per group to one of five groups: 1) LFLS, 2) high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS), 3) HFHS + 10% BL, 4) HFHS + 10% RB, or 5) HFHS + 5% BL + 5% RB. Expression of inflammatory markers was measured in the liver as well as epididymal and inguinal white adipose tissue. Results In Vitro Study: Each berry alone and in combination suppressed the LPS-induced increase in inflammatory markers, with the combination (BL + RB) having the greatest effect. The combination suppressed LPS-induced expression of Ccl2, Tnfa, F4/80, and Il6 by 3.7−, 5.3−, 5.3−, and 4.4-fold, respectively. In Vivo Study: Gene expression analysis indicated that berry consumption had no significant effect on proinflammatory (Ccl2, Il1b, Tnfa, Il6, Itgam) or anti-inflammatory (Adipoq, Arg1, Mgl1) markers in adipose tissue depots or liver. However, relatively low gene expression of inflammatory markers in the tissues indicates that the mice fed the HFHS diet failed to develop a robust inflammatory state. Conclusions BL and RB have direct anti-inflammatory effects on immune cells. Initial analysis indicates that consumption of BL and RB has no significant effects on markers of inflammation in a diet-induced mouse model of obesity. However, it is possible that the relatively low levels of inflammation in these mice masked the anti-inflammatory potential of BL and RB. Ongoing analysis will provide additional insights into the effects of BL and RB on inflammation in these tissues. Funding Sources Lewis Foundation Award.

An in vivo study of the cortisol-cortisone shuttle in subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Katz ◽  
V. Mohamed-Ali ◽  
P. J. Wood ◽  
J. S. Yudkin ◽  
S. W. Coppack
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Abdominal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Abdominal Adipose Tissue

Implantation of Cultured Preadipocyte Using Chitosan/Alginate Sponge

2007 ◽  
Vol 342-343 ◽  
pp. 349-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Won Rhie ◽  
Jin Kyung Song ◽  
Paik Kwon Lee ◽  
Sang Tae Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Nude Mouse ◽  
Calcium Alginate ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soft Tissue Augmentation ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Tissue Augmentation

Alginate was a proven biocompatible biomatrice for cells but it was known not to provide a proper microenvironment needed for the proliferation of cells because of its anionic property, which caused its low affinity for cells. Water-soluble chitosan was well known as wound healing material and it also had cationic property which helped cell-to-matrix adhesion. The purpose of this study is to assess the ability of a chitosan/alginate mixed sponge as a scaffold for preadipocytes to serve as a biological implant for soft tissue augmentation. Chitosan/alginate and calcium alginate sponges were made by lyophilizing of alginate with water-soluble chitosan mixture and with calcium chloride mixture, respectively, and those were observed by SEM. Preadipocytes seeded in those sponges were cultured for 2 weeks. In vivo study was designed that chitosan/alginate sponges with and without preadipocytes were implanted subcutaneously into nude mouse. Chitosan/alginate and calcium alginate sponges which had highly porosity and 50-200㎛ pore size. In the chitosan/alginate sponge, the levels of DNA amount were significantly higher than those in calcium alginate sponge (P<0.05). In both groups, they increased progressively with time. On the in vivo study, it was observed that adipose tissue layer in the margin of chitosan/alginate sponge on the 2 weeks after implantation of nude mouse. On the 8 weeks after implantation, thick layer of adipose tissue and neovascularization were observed in the chitosan/alginate sponge. Consequently, chitosan/alginate sponge provided proper microenvironment to human preadipocyte, increased the cell proliferation and maintained the pore that offered neovascularization, so turned out to be effective form of fat transplantation for soft tissue augmentation and reconstruction.

scholarly journals Comparing Scaffold-Free and Fibrin-Based Adipose-Derived Stromal Cell Constructs for Adipose Tissue Engineering: An In Vitro and in Vivo Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 2283-2297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Femke Verseijden ◽  
Sandra J. Posthumus-Van Sluijs ◽  
Johan W. Van Neck ◽  
Stefan O. P. Hofer ◽  
Stevan E. R. Hovius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Stromal Cell ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Adipose Tissue Engineering

Functional characterization of human brown adipose tissue metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (7) ◽  
pp. 1261-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Anne Richard ◽  
Hannah Pallubinsky ◽  
Denis P. Blondin
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Human Infants ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
And Function

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has long been described according to its histological features as a multilocular, lipid-containing tissue, light brown in color, that is also responsive to the cold and found especially in hibernating mammals and human infants. Its presence in both hibernators and human infants, combined with its function as a heat-generating organ, raised many questions about its role in humans. Early characterizations of the tissue in humans focused on its progressive atrophy with age and its apparent importance for cold-exposed workers. However, the use of positron emission tomography (PET) with the glucose tracer [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) made it possible to begin characterizing the possible function of BAT in adult humans, and whether it could play a role in the prevention or treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This review focuses on the in vivo functional characterization of human BAT, the methodological approaches applied to examine these features and addresses critical gaps that remain in moving the field forward. Specifically, we describe the anatomical and biomolecular features of human BAT, the modalities and applications of non-invasive tools such as PET and magnetic resonance imaging coupled with spectroscopy (MRI/MRS) to study BAT morphology and function in vivo, and finally describe the functional characteristics of human BAT that have only been possible through the development and application of such tools.

Time-lag combination therapy for cerebral ischemia using the FNK protein transduction technology and an immunosuppressant, I: In vivo study

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S57-S57
Author(s):  
Ken-ichiro Kasura ◽  
Megumi Watanabe ◽  
Kumiko Takahashi ◽  
Genki Mizukoshi ◽  
Seiji Ohkubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Protein Transduction
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