Contribution of Pancreatic Alpha-Cell Function to Insulin Sensitivity and Glucose Variability in Type 1 Diabetes Patients

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1940-P
Author(s):  
NOBUYUKI TAKAHASHI ◽  
DAISUKE CHUJO ◽  
HIROSHI KAJIO ◽  
KOHJIRO UEKI
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Glucose Variability ◽  
Alpha Cell ◽  
Pancreatic Alpha Cell ◽  
Alpha Cell Function ◽  
Diabetes Patients

235-LB: Time Course of Pancreatic Alpha-Cell Function in Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 235-LB
Author(s):  
LINGYU ZHANG ◽  
YUWEN SHI ◽  
JING WANG ◽  
XING WANG ◽  
YAO QIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Alpha Cell ◽  
Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Pancreatic Alpha Cell ◽  
Alpha Cell Function ◽  
Fulminant Type

1917-P: Alpha-Cell Function in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Is Compromised with Different Levels of Residual C-Peptide

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1917-P
Author(s):  
LINGYU ZHANG ◽  
YUWEN SHI ◽  
YITING HUANG ◽  
QIZHEN HU ◽  
YAO QIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Alpha Cell ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Alpha Cell Function ◽  
Different Levels

scholarly journals Alpha cell function in type 1 diabetes

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Simon Hughes ◽  
Parth Narendran
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Alpha Cell ◽  
Alpha Cell Function

scholarly journals Alpha cell dysfunction in early type 1 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolai Doliba ◽  
Andrea Rozo ◽  
Jeffrey Roman ◽  
Wei Qin ◽  
Daniel Traum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Glucagon Secretion ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Human Islets ◽  
Alpha Cell ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Alpha Cell Function

Multiple islet autoantibodies (AAb) predict type 1 diabetes (T1D) and hyperglycemia within 10 years. By contrast, T1D develops in just ~15% of single AAb+ (generally against glutamic acid decarboxylase, GADA+) individuals; hence the single GADA+ state may represent an early stage of T1D amenable to interventions. Here, we functionally, histologically, and molecularly phenotype human islets from non-diabetic, GADA+ and T1D donors. Similar to the few remaining beta cells in T1D islets, GADA+ donor islets demonstrated a preserved insulin secretory response. By contrast, alpha cell glucagon secretion was dysregulated in both T1D and GADA+ islets with impaired glucose suppression of glucagon secretion. Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNASeq) of GADA+ alpha cells revealed distinct abnormalities in glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation pathways and a marked downregulation of PKIB, providing a molecular basis for the loss of glucose suppression and the increased effect of IBMX observed in GADA+ donor islets. The striking observation of a distinct early defect in alpha cell function that precedes beta cell loss in T1D suggests that not only overt disease, but also the progression to T1D itself, is bihormonal in nature.

Pancreatic Alpha-Cell Function and Identity in Human T2D

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 315-LB
Author(s):  
XIAOQING DAI ◽  
JOAN CAMUNAS SOLER ◽  
LINFORD BRIANT ◽  
ALIYA F. SPIGELMAN ◽  
YAN HANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Function ◽  
Alpha Cell ◽  
Pancreatic Alpha Cell ◽  
Alpha Cell Function

294-OR: Type 1 Diabetes Patients with Residual Beta-Cell Function Display Improved Time in Euglycemia and Less Glycaemic Fluctuation after Exercise

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 294-OR
Author(s):  
GUY S. TAYLOR ◽  
KIERAN SMITH ◽  
JADINE SCRAGG ◽  
AYAT BASHIR ◽  
RICHARD A. ORAM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Postprandial Lipemia Modulates Pancreatic Alpha-Cell Function in the Prediction of Type 2 Diabetes Development: The CORDIOPREV Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 1266-1275
Author(s):  
Isabel Pozuelo-Sanchez ◽  
Alejandro Villasanta-Gonzalez ◽  
Juan Francisco Alcala-Diaz ◽  
Cristina Vals-Delgado ◽  
Ana Leon-Acuña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Postprandial Lipemia ◽  
Alpha Cell ◽  
Pancreatic Alpha Cell ◽  
Diabetes Development ◽  
Alpha Cell Function

scholarly journals Effects of Metformin Added to Insulin in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: An Exploratory Crossover Randomized Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Daizhi Yang ◽  
Jinhua Yan ◽  
Hongrong Deng ◽  
Xubin Yang ◽  
Sihui Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Insulin Dose ◽  
Glucose Variability

Background. To comprehensively assess the effects of metformin added to insulin on metabolic control, insulin sensitivity, and cardiovascular autonomic function in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Materials and Methods. This was an exploratory, crossover, randomized trial conducted in adolescents with type 1 diabetes aged 12-18 years old. Participants were randomly received metformin (≤1000 mg/d) added to insulin for 24 weeks followed by insulin monotherapy for a subsequent 24 weeks or vice versa. Blood pressure, body mass index, insulin dose, estimated insulin sensitivity, glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and lipid profiles were measured, with a 72-hour continuous glucose monitoring and 24-hour Holter monitoring performed at baseline, 24, and 50 weeks for the assessments of glucose variability and heart rate variability. Results. Seventeen patients with mean ± SD age 14.4 ± 2.3   years , body mass index 18.17 ± 1.81   kg / m 2 , median (IQR) diabetes duration 4.50 (3.58, 6.92) years, and HbA1c 9.0% (8.5%, 9.4%) were enrolled. The between-group difference in HbA1c of 0.28% (95% CI -0.39 to 0.95%) was not significant ( P = 0.40 ). Changes in body mass index, insulin dose, blood pressure, lipid profiles, and estimated insulin sensitivity were similar for metformin add-on vs. insulin monotherapy. Glucose variability also did not differ. Compared with insulin monotherapy, metformin add-on significantly increased multiple heart rate variability parameters. Conclusions. Metformin added to insulin did not improve metabolic control or glucose variability in lean/normal-weight adolescents with type 1 diabetes. However, metformin added to insulin significantly increased heart rate variability, suggesting that metformin might improve cardiovascular autonomic function in this population.

scholarly journals 973: The impact of glucose variability on fetal growth in Type 1 diabetes patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 218 (1) ◽  
pp. S575
Author(s):  
Eran Ashwal ◽  
Elad Miron ◽  
Eran Hadar ◽  
Arnon Wiznitzer ◽  
Yoel Toledano
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Glucose Variability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Diabetes Patients
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