scholarly journals Alpha cell function in type 1 diabetes

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Simon Hughes ◽  
Parth Narendran
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Alpha Cell ◽  
Alpha Cell Function

1917-P: Alpha-Cell Function in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Is Compromised with Different Levels of Residual C-Peptide

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1917-P
Author(s):  
LINGYU ZHANG ◽  
YUWEN SHI ◽  
YITING HUANG ◽  
QIZHEN HU ◽  
YAO QIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Alpha Cell ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Alpha Cell Function ◽  
Different Levels

Contribution of Pancreatic Alpha-Cell Function to Insulin Sensitivity and Glucose Variability in Type 1 Diabetes Patients

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1940-P
Author(s):  
NOBUYUKI TAKAHASHI ◽  
DAISUKE CHUJO ◽  
HIROSHI KAJIO ◽  
KOHJIRO UEKI
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Glucose Variability ◽  
Alpha Cell ◽  
Pancreatic Alpha Cell ◽  
Alpha Cell Function ◽  
Diabetes Patients

235-LB: Time Course of Pancreatic Alpha-Cell Function in Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 235-LB
Author(s):  
LINGYU ZHANG ◽  
YUWEN SHI ◽  
JING WANG ◽  
XING WANG ◽  
YAO QIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Alpha Cell ◽  
Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Pancreatic Alpha Cell ◽  
Alpha Cell Function ◽  
Fulminant Type

scholarly journals Alpha cell dysfunction in early type 1 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolai Doliba ◽  
Andrea Rozo ◽  
Jeffrey Roman ◽  
Wei Qin ◽  
Daniel Traum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Glucagon Secretion ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Human Islets ◽  
Alpha Cell ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Alpha Cell Function

Multiple islet autoantibodies (AAb) predict type 1 diabetes (T1D) and hyperglycemia within 10 years. By contrast, T1D develops in just ~15% of single AAb+ (generally against glutamic acid decarboxylase, GADA+) individuals; hence the single GADA+ state may represent an early stage of T1D amenable to interventions. Here, we functionally, histologically, and molecularly phenotype human islets from non-diabetic, GADA+ and T1D donors. Similar to the few remaining beta cells in T1D islets, GADA+ donor islets demonstrated a preserved insulin secretory response. By contrast, alpha cell glucagon secretion was dysregulated in both T1D and GADA+ islets with impaired glucose suppression of glucagon secretion. Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNASeq) of GADA+ alpha cells revealed distinct abnormalities in glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation pathways and a marked downregulation of PKIB, providing a molecular basis for the loss of glucose suppression and the increased effect of IBMX observed in GADA+ donor islets. The striking observation of a distinct early defect in alpha cell function that precedes beta cell loss in T1D suggests that not only overt disease, but also the progression to T1D itself, is bihormonal in nature.

Pancreatic Alpha-Cell Function and Identity in Human T2D

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 315-LB
Author(s):  
XIAOQING DAI ◽  
JOAN CAMUNAS SOLER ◽  
LINFORD BRIANT ◽  
ALIYA F. SPIGELMAN ◽  
YAN HANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Function ◽  
Alpha Cell ◽  
Pancreatic Alpha Cell ◽  
Alpha Cell Function

294-OR: Type 1 Diabetes Patients with Residual Beta-Cell Function Display Improved Time in Euglycemia and Less Glycaemic Fluctuation after Exercise

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 294-OR
Author(s):  
GUY S. TAYLOR ◽  
KIERAN SMITH ◽  
JADINE SCRAGG ◽  
AYAT BASHIR ◽  
RICHARD A. ORAM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Diabetes Patients

scholarly journals Autoantigen Treatment in Type 1 Diabetes: Unsolved Questions on How to Select Autoantigen and Administration Route

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnny Ludvigsson
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Prevention Trials

Autoantigen treatment has been tried for the prevention of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and to preserve residual beta-cell function in patients with a recent onset of the disease. In experimental animal models, efficacy was good, but was insufficient in human subjects. Besides the possible minor efficacy of peroral insulin in high-risk individuals to prevent T1D, autoantigen prevention trials have failed. Other studies on autoantigen prevention and intervention at diagnosis are ongoing. One problem is to select autoantigen/s; others are dose and route. Oral administration may be improved by using different vehicles. Proinsulin peptide therapy in patients with T1D has shown possible minor efficacy. In patients with newly diagnosed T1D, subcutaneous injection of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) bound to alum hydroxide (GAD-alum) can likely preserve beta-cell function, but the therapeutic effect needs to be improved. Intra-lymphatic administration may be a better alternative than subcutaneous administration, and combination therapy might improve efficacy. This review elucidates some actual problems of autoantigen therapy in the prevention and/or early intervention of type 1 diabetes.

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