scholarly journals Insulin-Like Growth Factor Axis and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Longitudinal Study in a Multiracial Cohort

Diabetes ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 3495-3504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeyi Zhu ◽  
Pauline Mendola ◽  
Paul S. Albert ◽  
Wei Bao ◽  
Stefanie N. Hinkle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor

scholarly journals Insulin-Like Growth Factor Axis in Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
pp. 807-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. ANDERLOVÁ ◽  
A. CINKAJZLOVÁ ◽  
P. ŠIMJÁK ◽  
J. KLOUČKOVÁ ◽  
H. KRATOCHVÍLOVÁ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Igf System ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Regulation Of Growth ◽  
Igfbp 3

The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) is involved in the regulation of growth and metabolism. The aim of this study was to determine selected parameters of IGF system at systemic and local levels [subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT)] to assess its possible role in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). 37 pregnant women (21 with GDM and 16 without GDM) and 15 age-matched non-pregnant females were included in the study. Blood samples were taken in 28-32 and 36-38 weeks of gestation and 6-12 months after delivery. SAT and VAT samples were obtained during delivery or surgery. Compared with non-pregnant women, serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were increased in both groups of pregnant women. IGF-2 was elevated only in GDM women from 36 weeks of gestation culminating 6 months after delivery (p=0.003). Serum IGFBP-3 was increased and IGFBP-4 decreased in GDM women vs. pregnant women without GDM during the whole study (IGFBP-3: p˂0.001 for GDM vs. non-GDM; IGFBP-4: p=0.004 for GDM vs. non-GDM). Pregnant women with GDM had decreased mRNA expression of IGF-1, IGF-1R and IGF-2R and IGFBP-4 in VAT and IGF-1R in SAT compared to pregnant women without GDM. Changes in local activity of IGF are associated with the development of GDM.

Role of Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) as a prognostic marker for fetal and maternal complications in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Reda Halawa ◽  
Magdy Hassan Kolaib ◽  
Salah Hussein El-Halawany ◽  
Dina Ahmed Marwan ◽  
Ola Mohamed Mostafa Shaheen
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Prognostic Marker ◽  
Diagnostic Marker ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Fibroblast Growth

Abstract Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) defined as glucose intolerance with onset or first diagnosis during pregnancy. While GDM usually resolves following delivery, it can have long-lasting health consequences, including increased risk for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the mother, and future obesity, CVD, T2DM, and/or GDM in the child. This contributes to a vicious intergenerational cycle of obesity and diabetes that impacts the health of the population as a whole. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a hormone that is expressed predominantly in the liver, but also in other metabolically active tissues such as pancreas, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. An elevated FGF21 level is also an independent predictor of T2DM. GDM and T2DM are proposed to have similar underlying pathophysiologies, raising the question of whether a similar relationship exists between FGF21 and GDM as it does with T2DM. Objectives assess the role of Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) as a prognostic marker for maternal and fetal complications in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Patients and Methods A case control study that was conducted on 50 patients diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and 50 control subjects at Diabetes and Obstetrics outpatient clinic and inpatient ward at Ain Shams university hospitals in the period between December 2018 and July 2019. Patients diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) at 24-28 weeks of gestation were included in this study. Results FGF 21 levels varied significantly with blood sugar values where higher levels of FGF 21 levels were found in patients with GDM with study results showing that FGF 21 can be used as a diagnostic marker for GDM at levels above 121 pg/ml with sensitivity 84% and specificity 92%. Conclusion FGF 21 can be used as a diagnostic marker for gestational diabetes. Further studies needed for better correlation between FGF 21 levels during pregnancy and maternal outcome.

scholarly journals Downregulation of the Netrin-1 Receptor UNC5b Underlies Increased Placental Angiogenesis in Human Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalina Prieto ◽  
Bárbara Casas ◽  
Paulina Falcón ◽  
Andrea Villanueva ◽  
Pablo Lois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Trophic Factors ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Placental Angiogenesis

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disorder, defined by high blood glucose levels during pregnancy, which affects foetal and post-natal development. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of this detrimental condition are still poorly understood. A dysregulation in circulating angiogenic trophic factors, due to a dysfunction of the feto-placental unit, has been proposed to underlie GDM. But even the detailed study of canonical pro-angiogenic factors like vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) has not been able to fully explain this detrimental condition during pregnancy. Netrins are non-canonical angiogenic ligands produced by the stroma have shown to be important in placental angiogenesis. In order to address the potential role of Netrin signalling in GDM, we tested the effect of Netrin-1, the most investigated member of the family, produced by Wharton’s Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells (WJ-MSC), on Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) angiogenesis. WJ-MSC and HUVEC primary cell cultures from either healthy or GDM pregnancies were exposed to physiological (5 mM) or high (25 mM) d-glucose. Our results reveal that Netrin-1 is secreted by WJ-MSC from healthy and GDM and both expression and secretion of the ligand do not change with distinct experimental glucose conditions. Noteworthy, the expression of its anti-angiogenic receptor UNC5b is reduced in GDM HUVEC compared with its expression in healthy HUVEC, accounting for an increased Netrin-1 signalling in these cells. Consistently, in healthy HUVEC, UNC5b overexpression induces cell retraction of the sprouting phenotype.

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