scholarly journals Good growth of Chlorella saccharophila, on the basis of dry weight, under NaCl hypertonic condition.

1974 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1007-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu TSUKADA ◽  
Takayoshi KAWAHARA ◽  
Hideo TAKADA
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Chlorella Saccharophila ◽  
Hypertonic Condition

scholarly journals Xanthones Production in Gentiana dinarica Beck Hairy Root Cultures Grown in Simple Bioreactors

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1610
Author(s):  
Branka Vinterhalter ◽  
Nevena Banjac ◽  
Dragan Vinterhalter ◽  
Dijana Krstić-Milošević
Keyword(s):  
Hairy Root ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Bubble Column ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Gentiana Dinarica ◽  
Hairy Root Clones

The hairy root clones of Gentiana dinarica cl-B, cl-D, cl-3, and cl-14 were cultivated in parallel in diverse simple bioreactors, including temporary immersion systems RITA® (TIS RITA®), bubble column bioreactors (BCB), and Erlenmeyer flasks (EF), and evaluated for biomass production and xanthone content. The obtained results showed that TIS RITA® and BCB containing ½ MS medium with 4% sucrose provided equally good growth conditions in which the majority of the clones displayed the higher percentage of dry matter (DM%), and xanthones norswertianin-1-O-primeveroside (nor-1-O-prim) and norswertianin production than those cultivated in EF. Thin and well branched hairy root clone cl-B grown in BCB for 7 weeks was superior regarding all growth parameters tested, including growth index (19.97), dry weight (2.88 g), and DM% (25.70%) compared to all other clones. Cl-B cultured in TIS RITA® contained the highest amount of nor-1-O-prim (56.82 mg per vessel). In BCB with constant aeration, cl-B accumulated the highest norswertianin content reaching 18.08 mg/vessel. The optimized conditions for cultivation of selected G. dinarica hairy root clones in highly aerated TIS RITA® and BCB systems contribute to the development of bioreactor technology designed for the large scale commercial production of xanthones nor-1-O-prim and norswertianin.

Recent Growth, Biochemical Composition and Prey Field of Larval Haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) and Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) on Georges Bank

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Buckley ◽  
R. G. Lough
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Melanogrammus Aeglefinus ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Georges Bank ◽  
Larval Population ◽  
Prey Biomass ◽  
Recent Growth ◽  
Haddock Melanogrammus Aeglefinus

A transect across southern Georges Bank in May 1983 showed higher levels of available prey for haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) and cod (Gadus morhua) larvae at two stratified sites than at a well-mixed site. At the stratified sites, prey biomass was high (30–300 μg dry wt∙L−1) near the surface above the thermocline; values were lower and more uniform with depth (10–30 μg dry wt∙L−1) at the well-mixed site. Larval population centers generally coincided with prey biomass vertically. Recent growth in dry weight of haddock larvae as estimated by RNA–DNA ratio analysis was higher at the stratified sites (8–13%∙d−1) than at the well-mixed site (7%∙d−1). Larvae appeared to be in excellent condition at the stratified sites, but up to 50% of haddock larvae from the well-mixed site had RNA–DNA ratios in the range observed for starved larvae in the laboratory. Cod collected at the same site were in better condition and growing faster than haddock. The data support the hypotheses that (1) stratified conditions in the spring favor good growth and survival of haddock larvae and (2) cod larvae are better adapted to grow and survive in well-mixed waters at lower levels of available food than haddock larvae.

Effects of Land Application of Municipal Sewage Sludge on Growth, Physiology and Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 878 ◽  
pp. 647-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Dai ◽  
Biao Lin Peng ◽  
Bi Gui Wei ◽  
Gui Ma
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Sludge Application

The application of sewage sludge on agricultural soils is a promising technical solution. Pot experiments were performed to study the effect of sewage sludge application on growth, physiology and accumulation of heavy metals in three kinds of wheat. The experimental results showed soil pH decreased significantly with the increase of the application of sewage sludge. The contents of Cu, Zn and Pb in the mixed soil did not exceed the Environmental quality standards for soils in China for Grade II (GB-1518-1995).Wheat obtained good growth activities after the application of sewage sludge, however, high land application of sewage sludge (the ratio of sludge in the mixed soil of dry weight was 20% and 25%) inhibited seed emergence and root length. The content of total chlorophyll in wheat increased with the increase of sewage sludge application first and reached a maximum, and then decreased with a further increase of sewage sludge. Compared with the control, the a/b value in chlorophyll showed trace change. The content of proline in wheat increased with the increase of sewage sludge in low doses of sewage sludge (5%, 10% and 15%), while there was no significant increase in the content in high land application of sewage sludge. The physiological metabolism of wheat will exhibit abnormality as the stress of pollutants from sludge exceeded the tolerance of wheat. The content of three kinds of heavy metals in wheat grain increased obviously with sludge application increasing, indicating an increasing trend, and had the phenomenon of exceeded the safety qualification of non-environmental pollution food in china at high doses of sewage sludge. Taking account of the effects of sewage sludge application on growth,physiology and accumulation of heavy metals in wheat, the doses of sludge in the mixed soil of dry weight should be lower than 15%.

scholarly journals Combining Ability for Seedling Root System Size and Shoot Vigor in Interspecific Blueberry Progenies

1994 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 793-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.A. Erb ◽  
A.D. Draper ◽  
H.J. Swartz
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
System Size ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Seedling Root ◽  
Root System Size ◽  
Highly Correlated

Interspecific blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) progenies were examined to determine combining abilities and genetic variability for seedling root system size and shoot vigor and to establish whether a large root system is correlated with good growth when plants are grown on a mineral soil and exposed to a moderate soil water deficit. General combining ability (GCA) variance components for root system size and shoot vigor and specific combining ability variance components for shoot vigor were significant. US226, a tetraploid hybrid of V. myrtilloides Michaux × V. atrococcum Heller, had the highest GCA effect for root system size and the lowest GCA effect for shoot vigor. US75 (V. darrowi Camp × V. corymbosum L.) had the highest GCA effect for shoot vigor and was second in GCA effect for root system size. Comparison of the crosses containing G111 (V. corymbosum) with those containing G362 (V. corymbosum) indicates that selecting for the best V. corymbosum clone to start a breeding program seems as important as selecting the mineral soil-adapted parent. Root system ratings were highly correlated with total dry weight of field-grown plants (r = 0.89). The method used in this study to evaluate seedlings for root system size and shoot vigor could be used to eliminate the less vigorous plants from a population before field planting and to evaluate mineral soil adaptability.

Polyamines in Cell Walls of Chlorococcalean Microalgae

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Burczyk ◽  
Maria Zych ◽  
Nikolaos E. Ioannidis ◽  
Kiriakos Kotzabasis
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Scenedesmus Obliquus ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Green Microalgae ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Nitrogenous Compounds ◽  
Chlorella Saccharophila ◽  
Isolated Cell

Biotechnology of microalgae represents a very attractive alternative as a source of energy and substances of high value when compared with plant cultivation. Cell walls of green microalgae have an extraordinary chemical and mechanical resistance and may impede some steps in the biotechnological/industrial exploitation of algae. The aim of the present contribution was to check the presence of polyamines in the cell walls of chlorococcalean green microalgae. Polyamines are nitrogenous compounds synthesized normally in cells and may affect the properties of the cell wall. Our work included strains either forming or not forming the polymer algaenan, allowing us to conclude that algaenan is not a prerequisite for the presence of polyamines in the cell walls. Polyamines were detected in isolated cell walls of Scenedesmus obliquus, Chlorella fusca, Chlorella saccharophila, and Chlorella vulgaris. Their concentration in isolated cell walls ranged between 0.4 and 8.4 nmol/mg dry weight.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF MECHANICAL STRESS ON CONDITIONING AND YIELD OF FOUR JAPANESE CULTIVARS OF CUCUMBER

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1148f-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.G. Latimer ◽  
T. Johjima ◽  
K. Harada
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Control ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Lateral Shoots ◽  
Female Flowers

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedlings were brushed with a suspended bar for 1.5 min twice daily for 12 days (ST) prior to planting. One group of plants was brushed for an additional 10 days (LT) after planting. ST reduced stem length 12 to 28% and shoot dry weight 6 to 24% with `Kurume-ochiai-H' least responsive. ST reduced the numbers of female flowers on lateral shoots of `Ritsurin' and `Chikanari-suhyoh' while LT affected `Nanshin' and `Chikanari-suhyoh'. Brushing did not affect the total number of fruits or mean fruit size or weight of any cultivar, but both ST and LT decreased the total yield of `Ritsurin' grown in a plastic house. Brushing provides good growth control of containerized cucumber transplants with some responses differing among the cultivars. [Project funded by JSPS and Monbusho.]

PEMANFAATAN SERBUK KAYU JATI (Tectona grandis L.) YANG DIRENDAM DALAM AIR DINGIN SEBAGAI MEDIA TUMBUH JAMUR TIRAM (Pleurotus comunicipae)

PERENNIAL ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
. Baharuddin ◽  
Muh. Taufik Arfah ◽  
. Syahidah
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Control Measurement ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Growth Ability

The growth responds of Pleurotus comunicipae to the use of cold water-soaked teakwood sawdust as a growth medium was investigated. Teakwood sawdust was soaked in cold water during the time periods of 1, 3, 5 and 7 days) with ten replications. Unsoaked teakwood sawdust was also prepared and used as a control. Measurement variabels consisted of time required for a completely covering mycelial growth, number of fruitbody, and fungal mass (green and dry weight). Results showed that P. comunicipae placed on soaked teakwood sawdust medium had a better growth than control (without soaking) medium. The medium with increased soaking period produced a good growth ability of P.comunicipae. At teakwood sawdust soaked for 7 days, the average of mycelial growth to cover teakwood sawdust medium, number of fruiting bodies, green weight and dry weight at the first harvesting were 52.6 days, 8.6 units, 100.5 grams and 13.4 grams, respectively. Keywords: teakwoods sawdust, Pleurotus comunicipae, cold water soaking, growth ability

Soil phosphorus supply affects nodulation and N:P ratio in 11 perennial legume seedlings

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayin Pang ◽  
Mark Tibbett ◽  
Matthew D. Denton ◽  
Hans Lambers ◽  
Kadambot H. M. Siddique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
N Uptake ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Pasture Legumes ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
P Supply ◽  
N Status

Developing new perennial pasture legumes for low-P soils is a priority for Australian Mediterranean agro-ecosystems, where soil P availability is naturally low. As legumes tend to require higher P inputs than non-legumes, the ability of these plants to fix N2 under varying soil P levels must be determined. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the influence of soil P supply on plant N status and nodule formation in 11 perennial legumes, including some novel pasture species. We investigated the effect of applying soil P, ranging from 0 to 384 μg P/g dry soil, on plant N status and nodulation in a glasshouse. Without exogenous P supply, shoot N concentration and N : P ratio were higher than at 6 μg P/g soil. Shoot N concentration and N : P ratio then changed little with further increase in P supply. There was a close positive correlation between the number of nodules and shoot P concentration in 7 of the 11 species. Total nodule dry weight and the percentage of plant dry weight that consisted of nodules increased when P supply increased from 6 to 48 μg P/g. Without exogenous P addition, N : P ratios partitioned into a two-group distribution, with species having a N : P ratio of either >70 or <50 g/g. We suggest that plants with a high N : P ratio may take up N from the soil constitutively, while those with a low N : P ratio may regulate their N uptake in relation to internal P concentration. The flexibility of the novel pasture legumes in this study to adjust their leaf N concentrations under different levels of soil P supplements other published evidence of good growth and high P uptake and P-use efficiency under low soil P supply and suggests their potential as pasture plants in low-P soils in Australian Mediterranean agro-ecosystems warrants further attention.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Limbah Serbuk Gergaji Dan Arang Sekam Padi Sebagai Media Sapih Untuk Cempaka Kuning (Michelia Champaca)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Dewi Agustin ◽  
Melya Riniarti ◽  
Duryat .
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Saw Dust ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Michelia Champaca

To support the cultivation of yellow cempaka (Michelia champaca) intensively, high quality seedlings was needed. One of the factors that affect the growth and quality of seedling was growth media. The objectives of the research were to (1) determine the effect of saw dust and rice husk as growth media than the top soil for yellow cempaka seedlings; (2) obtained the best composite media between top soil with saw dust and rice husk as media for growth media for yellow cempaka seedlings. The research was conducted in greenhouse, started from January to April 2013. The experiment used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 3 replicates, every experiment unit consisted of 6 yellow cempaka seedlings so the total number amounted to 108 seedlings. The treatment were number of medias (1) top soil; (2) saw dust; (3) rice husk; (4) top soil + saw dust 1:1; (5) top soil + rice husk 1:1; (6) top soil + saw dust + rice husk 1:1:1.  Observed variables include high growth, diameter, number of leaves, root length, top root ratio, total dry weight and seedling quality index. The results showed that growth media of rice husk gave a good growth of yellow cempaka same as media top soil.  Composite growth media that had a better growth of yellow cempaka seedling was composite growth media top soil + rice husk 1:1.

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan Batang Bawah Karet pada Beberapa Komposisi Media Tanam dalam Root Trainer

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Junaidi Junaidi ◽  
Atminingsih Atminingsih ◽  
Eka Boby Febrianto ◽  
Rina Maharany Maharany
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The rubber tree rootstock nursery using the root trainer method is aimed to promote root growth through the use of non-soil growing media in a special container. This technology offers the advantages of a shortened breeding process, good rooting, and ease of delivery. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the planting media composition of oil palm bunches compost, manure, rice husk, solid decanter, and Trichoderma viride on the growth of rubber rootstock under the root trainer method. The research was carried out in the greenhouse of the Sungei Putih Research Center, Indonesian Rubber Research Institute, Deli Serdang, North Sumatra in January-May 2019. The observation included plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, dry weight, and root length, and successful grafting percentage. The results indicated that the mixture of oil palm bunches compost, solid decanter, and Trichoderma viride (Te treatment) was the most potential to be developed as a planting media for rubber rootstock nursery under root trainer system. At 18 weeks after planting, the Te treatment had an average height of 82.66 + 14.27 cm with an increment rate of 3.25 + 0.81 cm/week, number of leaves 11.33 + 3.21 leaves with the increment of 0.52 + 0.20 leaves/week, stem diameter 5.29 + 0.73 mm with an increase of 0.33 + 0.05 mm/week. The Te treatment had a length and root weight of 41.97 + 2.40 cm and 1.68 + 0.77 g, respectively, with the grafting successfulness percentage of 47.37%. Besides showing good growth, these materials are also available in large and continuous quantities. The use of Trichoderma viride not only for increasing plant growth but also as a biocontrol of white root disease.   Keywords: growth, growing media, Hevea brasiliensis, rootstock, root trainer

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