scholarly journals AN IMPROVED METHOD FOR THE CULTIVATION OF CHLORELLA WITH C14-CARBON DIOXIDE AS A SOLE SOURCE OF CARBON

1960 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
BUNJI MARUO ◽  
HAJIME TAKAHASHI ◽  
TOSHIE HATTORI
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Improved Method

The degradation of p-toluenesulfonate by a Pseudomonas

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 309-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Focht ◽  
F. D. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Ring Cleavage ◽  
Resting Cells ◽  
Resting Cell ◽  
Complete Mineralization

A Pseudomonas isolated from sewage was adapted to use p-toluenesulfonate as the sole source of both carbon and sulfur. Very few of over 30 aromatic compounds tested were used for growth as sole carbon sources. Significantly, sulfobenzoate, phenolsulfonates, and isomers of cresolsulfonates did not support growth. Respirometry studies with washed, resting cells showed similar results. In both studies, benzenesulfonate was always used more rapidly than p-toluenesulfonate. The degradation of p-toluenesulfonate was shown to be over 90% of the theoretical value required for complete mineralization to carbon dioxide, water, and sulfate. When resting cells were incubated with 35S-p-toluenesulfonate, the ratio of oxygen uptake to 35S-sulfate liberation remained constant during the complete degradation period. Radiochromatographic analysis showed no 35S-aromatic intermediates in resting-cell supernatants at any time. Resting cells previously incubated with 35S-p-toluenesulfonate liberated two 35S-labeled aromatic intermediates upon disruption. Resting cells incubated with 1-14C-p-toluenesulfonate produced labeled 3-methylcatechol, labeled acetate, and unlabeled pyruvate. The labeled intermediate, 3-methylcatechol, was degraded by cell-free extracts to labeled acetate. Hydroxylation, desulfonation, ring cleavage, and subsequent fissions of the carbon chain occurred in that order; all steps but the first were catalyzed by cell-free extracts.

scholarly journals Metabolic changes during phosphate deprivation in Englena in air and in oxygen

1967 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 821-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Blum ◽  
Nicole Bégin-Heick
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Oxygen Toxicity ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Ring Closure ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Phosphate Deprivation ◽  
Nadh Cytochrome ◽  
Phosphate Medium

1. Euglena cells were grown in culture media containing either 20mm-phosphate or 20μm-phosphate, with ethanol or glucose as the sole source of carbon, and gassed with either air+carbon dioxide (95:5) or oxygen+carbon dioxide (95:5) at atmospheric pressure. 2. After growth in low-phosphate medium with ethanol as substrate, the cells developed signs of oxygen toxicity, as indicated by a decreased rate of respiration, a decreased net synthesis of paramylum and a failure to resume growth on replenishment of phosphate. 3. After growth in low-phosphate medium with glucose as substrate, the signs of oxygen toxicity were less apparent. 4. During phosphate deprivation the carotenoid content of Euglena increased more than threefold. This increase was largely prevented by exposure of the cells to oxygen+carbon dioxide (95:5) during growth. Oxygenation appears to interfere with ring closure of the common carotenoid precursor. 5. Mitochondria obtained from Euglena exposed to oxygen during phosphate deprivation, i.e. when signs of oxygen toxicity were evident, had greatly decreased activities of succinate dehydrogenase, succinate–cytochrome c oxidoreductase and NADH–cytochrome c oxidoreductase, compared with mitochondria obtained from Euglena exposed to oxygen in medium containing 20mm-phosphate.

Growth and macromolecular biosynthesis by Micrococcus sodonensis during the utilization of glucose and lactate

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. T. Blevins ◽  
J. J. Perry ◽  
J. B. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Glucose Oxidation ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Phosphate Uptake ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Hexose Monophosphate ◽  
Sufficient Energy ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
Lactate Medium

Micrococcus sodonensis can metabolize glucose to carbon dioxide and water via both the hexose monophosphate shunt and glycolysis but cannot use it as a sole source of carbon and energy. When lactate-grown cells of M. sodonensis are replaced on glucose there is a 50% increase in cell population. The synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid, ribonucleic acid, and protein continues for about 1.5 to 2.0 h before it ceases. Cells replaced in lactate medium under the same conditions double in number in approximately 4 h. Cells replaced in glucose do not synthesize phosphorus-containing compounds as ascertained by inorganic phosphate uptake while lactate-utilizing cells take up phosphate at a significant and continuous rate. The results suggest that the inability to utilize glucose as a sole source of carbon and energy is related to this incapability of M. sodonensis to gain sufficient energy from glucose oxidation. Results with related strains of micrococci suggest this phenomenon may be widespread in this group of microorganisms.

Improved method to detect trace amounts of gases in a carbon dioxide atmosphere

1994 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Vandepitte ◽  
Frans Houwen ◽  
Willy Verstraete
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Atmosphere

An approach to carbon emissions prediction using generalized regression neural network improved by genetic algorithm

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhida Guo ◽  
Jingyuan Fu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Generalized Regression Neural Network ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Target Values ◽  
Generalized Regression

The study on scientific analysis and prediction of China’s future carbon emissions is conducive to balancing the relationship between economic development and carbon emissions in the new era, and actively responding to climate change policy. Through the analysis of the application of the generalized regression neural network (GRNN) in prediction, this paper improved the prediction method of GRNN. Genetic algorithm (GA) was adopted to search the optimal smooth factor as the only factor of GRNN, which was then used for prediction in GRNN. During the prediction of carbon dioxide emissions using the improved method, the increments of data were taken into account. The target values were obtained after the calculation of the predicted results. Finally, compared with the results of GRNN, the improved method realized higher prediction accuracy. It thus offers a new way of predicting total carbon dioxide emissions, and the prediction results can provide macroscopic guidance and decision-making reference for China’s environmental protection and trading of carbon emissions.

Determination of Zinc Phosphide and Its Stability in Rodent Baits

1969 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 662-666
Author(s):  
G O Guerrant ◽  
J W Miles
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Zinc Phosphide ◽  
Rodent Control ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Atmosphere ◽  
Subsequent Determination

Abstract An improved method for determining zinc phosphide has been developed that employs liberation of phosphine by refluxing with hydrochloric acid with subsequent determination by the alkalimetric quimociac phosphorus method. Zinc phosphide was found to he relatively stable when used on apple and potato baits for rodent control, with over 70% of the activity remaining after 99-day exposure under simulated baiting conditions. Decomposition occurs more rapidly in the juices of the moist surface of freshly prepared bait than on the dried baits. Decomposition is slow in a carbon dioxide atmosphere and is accelerated by moisture.

Biotransformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) by a Methanococcus sp. (strain B) isolated from a lake sediment

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Boopathy ◽  
C. f. Kulpa
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Mineral Salt Medium ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Salt Medium ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
The University ◽  
Optimal Ph ◽  
In Cells

A mesophilic, irregular coccoid methanogen, which shows close resemblance to Methanococcus sp., was isolated from a sediment sample of St. Joseph Lake located in the University of Notre Dame campus. Formate or hydrogen plus carbon dioxide served as substrate for methanogenesis in a mineral salt medium. This organism was studied for its ability to metabolize 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). The result showed that this isolate could transform 100 ppm of TNT within 40–60 days of incubation at 30 °C. The main intermediate produced was 2,4-diamino-6-nitrotoluene. The TNT transformation rates were higher in cells grown in hydrogen plus carbon dioxide than in cells grown in formate. The isolate did not use acetate and methanol as sole source of carbon and energy. The organism had an optimal pH range of 6.8–7.2. The optimal growth conditions for this isolate are described.Key words: biotransformation, methanogens, bioremediation, nitroaromatics, TNT, anaerobic process.

An improved method for disruption of microbial cells with pressurized carbon dioxide

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho Mu Lin ◽  
Zhiying Yang ◽  
Li Fu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Microbial Cells

Electron Cytochemical Study of Carbon Dioxide Laser Effect on Rhesus Monkey Cornea

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 224-225
Author(s):  
K. C. Tsou ◽  
J. Morris ◽  
P. Shawaluk ◽  
B. Stuck ◽  
E. Beatrice
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Laser ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Laser Effect

While much is known regarding the effect of lasers on the retina, little study has been done on the effect of lasers on cornea, because of the limitation of the size of the material. Using a combination of electron microscope and several newly developed cytochemical methods, the effect of laser can now be studied on eye for the purpose of correlating functional and morphological damage. The present paper illustrates such study with CO2 laser on Rhesus monkey.

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