Lute-Players in Greek Art

1965 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 62-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Higgins ◽  
R. P. Winnington-Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Century ◽  
British Museum ◽  
String Length ◽  
Open Strings ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Greek Art

The primary purpose of this article is to publish two terracotta representations of lute-players in the British Museum. The subject is rare, but not quite so rare as might be supposed from the scarcity of literature about it. It has, therefore, seemed worth while to add a Ust of the examples known to us—a list which does not claim to be exhaustive—and to discuss briefly some of the problems which they raise. We do this in the hope that it may stimulate further investigation of a neglected theme.Between lutes and lyres there is a difference of principle which could hardly be more fundamental. The strings of the lyre are relatively numerous, but, in default of a fingerboard, fret-board, or neck, against which they could be firmly pressed (or ‘stopped’), the possibilities of obtaining more than one note from each string, in so far as they existed, must have been limited as to the number and quality of notes obtainable. The lute has few strings, but they are stretched over a solid neck, or a prolongation of the sound-box, against which they can be pressed so as to shorten the string-length and produce notes of higher pitch than those of the open strings; each string can thus provide a number of notes of approximately equal quality. Lutes and lyres were both common in Asia and in Egypt. In Greek lands the lyre predominated, and no examples of the lute are found in art before the fourth century B.C. The examples known to us are mostly terracottas.

Chinese Painting and Archaic Greek Art

1940 ◽  
Vol 9 (27) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
T. B. L. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Century ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Chinese Painting ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Greek Art ◽  
Manchester School

‘If a man were a good painter, he could deceive children and fools by painting a carpenter and showing it from a long way off, because it would seem really to be a carpenter.’ Plato here (Republic, 598c) is undoubtedly describing realistic painting, perhaps not so photographically realistic as the paintings in Pompeii or the painting that we know to-day, but painting which aimed at producing a likeness and rendering the appearance of the original. Such pictures can be seen on the vases of the fourth century and of the late fifth century b.c., for instance the two women on a red-figured perfume vase in the Manchester School of Art, which was painted about the time of the dramatic date of the Republic (Pl. I). But if we go back rather over a hundred years to the black-figure vase reproduced by Mr. Austin in Greece and Rome, vol. vii, we are in a completely different world of flat figures in conventional poses, and if we go further back still to the Geometric vase (Fig. I) which forms the subject of Mr. Austin's article, we are yet further from the world of ‘likeness’. These early Greek painters cannot have wanted to produce likenesses; but what was their aim ?

scholarly journals A New Stelè from Athens

1902 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Murray
Keyword(s):  
British Museum ◽  
The Body ◽  
Formal Modelling ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Greek Art

Apparently there had been sculptured on the missing half of the marble stelè lately acquired by the British Museum from Athens a seated figure with hand upraised (Pl. 1.). There is a trace of the raised arm and also of a footstool. The subject had therefore been one of those scenes of parting or meeting so common on Athenian stelae. But the young man leaning on his staff is not of the usual Athenian type. In several respects he resembles a youthful Heracles on a relief from Mt. Ithome now in Athens, which figure it has been the custom to regard as Polycleitan (Fig. 1). So far as the pose of the head and the Diadumenos-like modelling of the body are concerned that opinion may be right. Only we must remember that the somewhat formal modelling of the thorax both in the Ithome relief and the new stelè is not unfrequent in Greek art, at least from the time of Lysippos onwards. A familiar instance is the Hermes on the sculptured drum of a column from Ephesus in the British Museum. It is a modification of the type of Polycleitos and may have set in much earlier than Lysippos. It may even have extended to Athens.

Heracles and the Apples of the Hesperides: A New Type

1905 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
K. A. McDowall
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Century ◽  
Archaic Period ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Ancient World ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Greek Art

Of all types of Heracles in Greek art, that with the apples of the Hesperides is perhaps the most familiar. Yet in the archaic period it scarcely occurs, and even in the fifth century, though the scene is often represented among the Labours, when accessory figures are consequently present, there are few examples of the hero holding the apples in free sculpture. With the fourth century, however, the subject becomes common, for it is to Lysippus and his followers that we owe the type of the Wearied Heracles holding the apples, which has given rise to the popular conception. That this became the stock representation to the ancient world as to the modern we learn from Suidas καὶ γράφουσι δορὰν λέοντος φοροῦντα, καὶ ῥόπαλον φέροντα, καί γε μῆλα κρατοῦντα. The earliest representation of the type, best known from the Heracles Farnese, appears to be on a tetradrachm of Alexander, and there can be little doubt that its origin is due to Lysippus. The replica in the Pitti bears the inscription ΛΥΣΙΠΠΟΥ ΕΡΓΟΝ.

XIII.—On a Persian Silver Dish of the Fourth Century

Archaeologia ◽  
1909 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. M. Dalton
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Century ◽  
British Museum ◽  
The Subject

The silver dish reproduced on Plate XLVIII. is a small but remarkably perfect representative of its class, and was acquired by the British Museum in the course of last year. The subject is a hunting scene, introducing the Sassanian monarch Sapor II. (c. A.D. 310 to A.D. 380), the conqueror of the Emperor Julian. The king, who is recognized by the form of his headdress, is seen giving the coup de grâce to a stag, while a second stag is already laid low in the foreground. The design is parcel-gilt, and the figures are partly in relief, partly outlined upon the ground of the bowl, the details being rendered by engraving.

Measuring Service Quality in The Context of Higher Education in Vietnam

2013 ◽  
pp. 77-90
Author(s):  
Yen Nguyen Thi Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Education Service ◽  
The Subject

This paper focuses on the understanding of service quality in the context of Vietnamese universities. It proposes an approach for measuring the quality of the higher education service provided by universities in Vietnam. Firstly, an exploratory study was conducted. Then, the set of items which were generated became the subject of a questionnaire that was then administered to 675 students of a Vietnamese university to determine the dimensions of higher education service quality in this context. The obtained results permit us to appropriate a measurement scale which is slightly different from the SERVQUAL scale widely known as the standard for measuring service quality. The results also show that tangible elements, responsiveness and assurance seem to be three specific dimensions of the higher education service of Vietnamese universities.

Thomas More’s Correspondence in a Spanish Ambiance

Moreana ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (Number 149) (1) ◽  
pp. 41-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenio M. Olivares Merino
Keyword(s):  
The Subject ◽  
Selection Of

The recent reprinting of Álvaro de Silva’s 1998 edition of a selection of More’s letters prompts the author to examine the subject of Spanish translations of More, and of de Silva’s general commentary on More’s correspondence and on his relationship to other humanists. The author reflects on aspects of More’s personality as exposed in his letters and uses what he finds as a corrective to several biographical misconceptions. He points out the strengths and weaknesses of de Silva’s work and compares it with that of other translators, particularly Elizabeth Rogers, and notes the particularly Spanish quality of de Silva’s edition.

From the Synergy to the Discrimination - Analysis of Attitudes and Decisions of the Prison Staff Towards Muslim Prisoners in the Context of Multicultural Education

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Urbanek
Keyword(s):  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Prison Staff ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Personal Attitudes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Pragmatic Aspects ◽  
Diverse Groups

The aspiration to keep the synergy in relations between majorities and minorities repeatedly emerges as the cause of conflicts in social relations. It is also a subject of the interest of the multicultural education, particularly in countries of Eastern Europe, building contacts with the culturally and ethnically diverse groups to a wider scale. Relations in culturally, religiously and ethnic diverse societies, are becoming more and more related to the personal attitudes and a given policy. These issues acquire in the prison circumstances even greater significance, as given moods and personal attitudes of the prison staff create the pragmatic aspects of the professional activities addressed to the sentenced. Additionally, the key role is played by the quality of the penitentiary policy and the legal culture. The article presents the comparative analysis of the research carried out in 2016 amongst the prison staff in Poland. The subject of the research concerned attitudes that influence the decisive processes. The personal relations have been analyzed in the context of the relation with the sentenced Muslims. The aim of the research was not only to reveal the quality of the decisions concerning the sentenced Muslims, but also the sources of such decisions. The latter, in consequence, may shift, as the research results prove, towards synergy or discrimination. The diversification of the discrimination was one of the intriguing aspects, disclosed at various levels that not always explicitly concerned the discrimination of the minority.

The Implementation of Learning Materials Based on Local Wisdom of Agricultural in Binjai to Improve the Students Problem Solving Abilities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Tsalits Fahman Mughni
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Grade ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Equivalent Control ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Teaching materials by integrating local culture makes easier for students to understand the subject matter in the learning process. The aims of the study is to measure the effectiveness of teaching materials based on local wisdom of agriculture in Binjai in improving the students problem solving abilities. The research method was a quasi experimental which use non equivalent control group in the pretest posttest design. The sample of study were students of Senior High School grade X in Binjai that consisted of experiment group which used teaching materials based on local wisdom of agriculture in Binjai and control group that used student handbooks. Teaching materials are tested by material experts and technology experts to ensure the quality of teaching materials. Data collection was conducted through test. The results showed that the teaching materials based on local wisdom of agriculture in Binjai effective in improving students problem solving abilities in the experimental group students based on the results of N gain value was 0.67 which has medium criteria. It means teaching materials based on agricultural local wisdom of agriculture in Binjai can be used as one of the teaching materials in learning activities.

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI GURU DALAM MENYUSUN RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN MELALUI BIMBINGAN BERKELANJUTAN DI SD NEGERI 017 KUNTO DARUSSALAM TAHUN 2017

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Winarsih
Keyword(s):  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
School Principal ◽  
Initial Condition ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Pedagogical Competence ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
The Subject

This study aims to determine the appropriate steps in carrying out academic supervision so as to be able to improve the pedagogical competence of teachers, especially in the learning process which in turn will affect the improvement of the quality of education.The study was conducted in two cycles. Each cycle has different planning, implementation, observation and reflection. Research subjects of the principal and teacher. The school principal with his academic supervision measures, while the Kunto Darussalam Elementary School 017 teacher as an object as well as the subject in providing academic supervision treatment. Data collection techniques through class supervision with stages of supervising teachers in the learning process and observation of classroom learning, to record important events related to research, especially at the time of the processlearning takes place.Data analysis techniques that guide data processing using a percentage (%) of achievement with 100 constants. And to see the interpertation using score interpertation criteria to strengthen the interpretation in conclusions as follows: 80% - 100% (Very Good), 66% - 79 % (Good), 56% - 65% (Enough), and 40% - 55% (Less).The results showed that the ability of teachers in the implementation of the learning process experienced an increase in the percentage at each stage, from the first cycle reached an average of 63% (sufficient) and in the second cycle reached an average of 68% (good). There is an increase in teacher's ability by 5% from cycle I. In detail there is a significant increase in the initial condition of the school when compared to the final condition in the second cycle. The accuracy of teachers entering the class increased by 48%, the use of learning media increased by 32%, varied methods increased by 31%, and learning strategies increased by 36%.

An Ayurvedic Visual Rehabilitation In Lebers Congenital Amaurosis - Prospective Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Vidhyasri M ◽  
Dr. S. M. Pasha
Keyword(s):  
Marked Improvement ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Visual Disability ◽  
Visual Rehabilitation ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Slow Frequency

Introduction: This is the case report of child who was diagnosed with LCA reported with complaints of large-amplitude, slow-frequency, roving nystagmus, frequent tendency to press on his eyes, enopthalmos, with completely normal ophthalmoscopic examination with normal appearing optic nerve and retina and has a non recordable ERG; considering this condition under the lines of Vataja Nanatmaja Vyadhi treatment was structured to render effective visual rehabilitation which showed marked results. Methods: 4 years old male child who was diagnosed with lebers congenital amaurosis was brought by his parents to Eye OPD, GAMC, Bengaluru. The presentation of this case includes bibliographic review of the subject, presentation of a clinical case and description of the importance of Ayurvedic prespective of handling of these patients. Results: The child showed improvement in fixing for light and also nystagmus showed marked improvement and there were considerable behavioural changes observed. Discussion: It is important to deepen the environment of the disease to know the possible implications in Ayurvedic management, recognize the magnitude of visual disability that our patient presents for the establishment of the treatment plan and provide an integral care of excellence in an interdisciplinary way in favor of visual rehabilitation of our patients and also help to restore quality of life with no potential risks of side effects.

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