Linking as Constraints on Word Classes in a Hierarchical Lexicon

Language ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony R. Davis ◽  
Jean-Pierre Koenig
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Lexicon ◽  
Word Classes

scholarly journals Linking experiencer-subject psych verb constructions in Modern Greek

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valia Kordoni
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Prepositional Phrase ◽  
Modern Greek ◽  
Verb Constructions ◽  
Hierarchical Lexicon ◽  
Word Classes ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Psych Verb Constructions ◽  
Semantic Properties ◽  
Psych Verb

This paper focuses on the semantic properties and the syntactic behaviour of Modern Greek (hence MG) Experiencer-Subject Psych Verb Constructions (hence ESPVCs). MG ESPVCs include verbs like miso (hate), agapo (love), or latrevo (adore), which feature a nominative experiencer in agreement with the verb and an accusative theme (see examples (1)-(3)). MG ESPVCs include also predicates like fovame (fear), which feature an experiencer-subject in agreement with the verb and either an accusative theme (example (4)), or a theme as the object of a prepositional phrase (example (5)). We should underline here that examples (4) and (5) below convey the same meaning. That is, they do NOT differ semantically. O    Gianis     misi       to   sholio.the Gianis.N hate.3S the school.A"John hates school." O    Gianis     agapa    tin  Maria.the Gianis.N loves.3S the Maria.A"John loves Mary." O    Gianis     latrevi      tin  musiki.the Gianis.N adore.3S the music.A"John adores music." I      Maria     fovate  tis  kategides.the Maria.N fear.3S the storms.A"Maria is afraid of the storms." I      Maria     fovate  me   tis   kategides.the Maria.N fear.3S with the storms.A"Maria is afraid of the storms." The challenge that constructions like the ones in (4) and (5) pose lies on the split syntactic realization of the "experienced" (hence EXPD) semantic role (i.e., the theme), which in constructions like (4) is syntactically realized as the object of the sentence, while in constructions like (5) it is syntactically realized as the object of a prepositional phrase. Our aim is to propose a unified linking account of the MG ESPVCs. This unified account is based on the assumption that the individual denoted by the object NP (or PP) of the MG ESPVCs is entailed to be semantically underspecified, and makes use of Wechsler's (1995) Notion Rule, Davis and Koenig's (2000) linking theory, as well as Markantonatou and Sadler's (1996) proposal for the linking of indirect arguments.   References Davis, A.R. and J.-P. Koenig (2000). Linking as constraints on word classes in a hierarchical lexicon. Language 76, 56-91. Markantonatou, S. and L. Sadler (1996). Linking Indirect Arguments. Essex Research Reports in Linguistics 9, 24-63. Wechsler, S. (1995). The Semantic Basis of Argument Structure. Stanford: CSLI Publications. Series: Dissertations in Linguistics, Joan Bresnan, Sharon Inkelas, William J. Poser, and Peter Sells (eds.).

Linking as constraints on word classes in a hierarchical lexicon

Language ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony R. Davis ◽  
Jean-Pierre Koenig
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Lexicon ◽  
Word Classes

Accuracy of Four Language Analysis Procedures Performed Automatically

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven H. Long ◽  
Ron W. Channell
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Language Impaired ◽  
Productivity Data ◽  
Language Analysis ◽  
Word Classes ◽  
Human Coder ◽  
Impaired Children ◽  
Metalinguistic Skills

Most software for language analysis has relied on an interaction between the metalinguistic skills of a human coder and the calculating ability of the machine to produce reliable results. However, probabilistic parsing algorithms are now capable of highly accurate and completely automatic identification of grammatical word classes. The program Computerized Profiling combines a probabilistic parser with modules customized to produce four clinical grammatical analyses: MLU, LARSP, IPSyn, and DSS. The accuracy of these analyses was assessed on 69 language samples from typically developing, speech-impaired, and language-impaired children, 2 years 6 months to 7 years 10 months. Values obtained with human coding and by the software alone were compared. Results for all four analyses produced automatically were comparable to published data on the manual interrater reliability of these procedures. Clinical decisions based on cutoff scores and productivity data were little affected by the use of automatic rather than human-generated analyses. These findings bode well for future clinical and research use of automatic language analysis software.

Structural linguistics and word classes

Lingua ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 427-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.W. de Groot
Keyword(s):  
Structural Linguistics ◽  
Word Classes

Historical change of word classes

Diachronica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Gerner
Keyword(s):  
Target Word ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Historical Change ◽  
Temporal Parameter ◽  
Word Class ◽  
Process Of Change ◽  
Word Classes ◽  
Asian Languages ◽  
Typical Process

This paper isolates four parameters that guide the historical change of word classes: the quantificational parameter, the directional parameter, the preservative parameter and the temporal parameter. These parameters are involved in the organization of seven case studies in East Asian languages. Based on these case studies I define four diachronic tendencies that apply to East Asian languages and perhaps beyond: (1) the greater the size of the target word class, the lower the number of new acquired meanings; (2) if a word class engages on a path of change, then the greater its size, the more likely it is that the process of change in which it engages will be lexicalization; (3) in a typical process of grammaticalization relatively more meanings are generated than in a typical process of lexicalization; (4) processes of grammaticalization represent temporally short processes more often than processes of lexicalization.

Word Classes

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 709-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Rijkhoff
Keyword(s):  
Word Classes

Gender, prescriptivism, and language change: Morphological variation in Hebrew animate reference

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erez Levon
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Popular Opinion ◽  
Process Of Change ◽  
Ongoing Process ◽  
Word Classes ◽  
Inflectional Paradigms

AbstractBeliefs about a language rarely correspond to how it is used. This is especially true for Hebrew, a language that has been subject to continued ideological “preservation” efforts ever since its (re)vernacularization in the early 20th century. Recently, attention has turned to the maintenance of Hebrew gender morphology, which is perceived in both scholarly and popular opinion as threatened by a process of leveling to gender syncretized forms across a range of word classes and inflectional paradigms. In this article, I investigate the extent to which sociolinguistic evidence supports this perception in cases of animate reference. I argue that while the claim of widespread gender neutralization of these forms is descriptively valid, its characterization as a change-in-progress is inaccurate. Rather, I suggest that Hebrew is already fully syncretized for gender in certain relevant morphological contexts and that the perception of an ongoing process of change reflects a prescriptive belief about how Hebrew should be, not how it actually is.

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