Holger Steen Sørensen. Word-classes in modern English. With special reference to proper names, With an introductory theory of grammar, meaning, and reference. English, with brief Danish summary. G. E. C. Gad, Copenhagen1958, 189 pp.

1959 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-264
Author(s):  
Donald J. Hillman
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
Word Classes

Pizzas und Pizzen – die Pluralformen (un)assimilierter Fremdwörter im Deutschen

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heide Wegener
Keyword(s):  
Optimality Theory ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
Syllable Structure ◽  
Optimal Length ◽  
Structure Preserving ◽  
Assimilation Process ◽  
Word Classes ◽  
Two Stages

AbstractThe paper takes plural formation as an example of morphological assimilation of loanwords into the German inflectional system and shows that the assimilation process proceeds in two steps. German speakers first create intermediate plural forms with the non syllabic suffix -s, later the definite forms with a schwa suffix. Both kinds of plural forms are analysed in the framework of Optimality Theory. The forms created during the two stages are shown to follow from different hierarchies of wellformedness constraints and correspondence constraints respectively. Correspondence constraints are highly ranked for unassimilated borrowings as they are for peripheral word classes of proper names and onomatopoeia, by contrast, prosodic and phonological, esp. phonotactic wellformedness constraints are highly ranked for assimilated borrowings as they are for common nouns in the native lexicon. The shape of both kinds of plural forms will be shown to be functionally motivated. Whereas the schwa plural formation is rooted in the pressure for plural forms to be easy to articulate, the -s plural is rooted in the need for preservation of the sound shape of the stems: The syllabic schwa suffixes provide trochaic plural forms, words of optimal length with optimal syllable structure, the non syllabic -s provides structure preserving forms where the base is easy to recognize.

Accuracy of Four Language Analysis Procedures Performed Automatically

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven H. Long ◽  
Ron W. Channell
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Language Impaired ◽  
Productivity Data ◽  
Language Analysis ◽  
Word Classes ◽  
Human Coder ◽  
Impaired Children ◽  
Metalinguistic Skills

Most software for language analysis has relied on an interaction between the metalinguistic skills of a human coder and the calculating ability of the machine to produce reliable results. However, probabilistic parsing algorithms are now capable of highly accurate and completely automatic identification of grammatical word classes. The program Computerized Profiling combines a probabilistic parser with modules customized to produce four clinical grammatical analyses: MLU, LARSP, IPSyn, and DSS. The accuracy of these analyses was assessed on 69 language samples from typically developing, speech-impaired, and language-impaired children, 2 years 6 months to 7 years 10 months. Values obtained with human coding and by the software alone were compared. Results for all four analyses produced automatically were comparable to published data on the manual interrater reliability of these procedures. Clinical decisions based on cutoff scores and productivity data were little affected by the use of automatic rather than human-generated analyses. These findings bode well for future clinical and research use of automatic language analysis software.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document