The Architecture of Jewish Identity: The Neo-Islamic Central Synagogue of New York

2004 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Bush
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Jewish Community ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Double Consciousness ◽  
Cultural Identification ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Architectural Style ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

In this essay, I study the neo-Islamic Central Synagogue in New York (1872) as the expression of a complex web of cultural identification and differentiation on the part of the Jewish community for which it was constructed. I examine the shift uptown away from immigrant origins, poverty, and Orthodoxy in relation to ambivalence toward Reform Judaism, which had embraced the neo-Islamic architectural style in both the United States and Europe. The tensions inherent in situating the congregation within the larger Jewish world were complicated by the position of the community with respect to its Christian neighbors. The contradiction between the community's initial calls for architectural modesty and the ostentation of the building designed by Henry Fernbach manifest, in the vocabulary of the cultural analysis of W. E. B. DuBois, a "double-consciousness." I have used two interwoven methods in interpreting this material: archival research and comparative study establish the impact of patronage and the originality of the architect; a culturalstudies approach investigates intentions and reception through analysis of journalistic coverage of the late nineteenth century, related to the history of the congregation and the wider Jewish community during this period.

Social Theory and National Culture: The Case of British and American Absolute Idealism, 1860–1900

1981 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-274
Author(s):  
David Watson
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Absolute Idealism ◽  
Political Theories ◽  
History Of

In this essay, taking as a case study the comparative history of the two groups that gave absolute idealism a leading edge in late nineteenth-century intellectual debate in the United States and Great Britain, I attempt to make a contribution to the recent trend toward the use of sophisticated or “difficult” ideas in comparative analysis (see Moore, 1979). My intentions are twofold: (1) to assist in the clarification of how “social theory” is developed, and (2) to provide an outline of how such comparative cultural analysis can be achieved. After a preliminary discussion of the concept of “social theory” and the component parts into which it can be separated, I proceed to identify the two groups in question, locate their philosophical schemes in the development of contemporary thought, and finally, attempt to demonstrate the value of the approach in an analysis of one aspect of their specifically social and political theories.

scholarly journals Vendo de perto o bicho na toca: expondo o impostor neoliberal na educação

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Tania Ramalho
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Capacity ◽  
University Professor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Banking Education ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Conventional Behavior ◽  
The Impact

Com uma breve descrição do contexto da história da educação na sociedade estadunidense, o texto oferece uma narrativa das experiências de uma professora universitária brasileira no seu trabalho direto com professores numa escola primária pública no estado de New York, na presente fase neoliberal. Práticas e tecnologias perversas são utilizadas, refl etindo o impacto de quase quarenta anos da racionalidade monocultural do neoliberalismo implantada na educação. Para os professores, a obediência se torna necessidade e virtude para salvar o emprego. Seu comportamento convencional esvazia a possibilidade de comprometimento da escola com o desenvolvimento holístico dos alunos. O ensino se torna ainda mais bancário, alienado. Só com consciência do que nos pode esperar baseado neste modelo hegemônico o Brasil e a América Latina conseguirão construir um futuro emancipador, não-retrógado, mais coletivo, igualitário, inclusivo, democrático representativo da vox populi. É uma contribuição para o fortalecimento da capacidade política de fomentar políticas educacionais que garantam a continuação da educação pública, gratuita emancipadora.Palavras-chave: Educação estadunidense. Neoliberalismo. Ensino bancário Watching the beast in the lair: exposing the neoliberal impostor in educationABSTRACTWith a brief description of the context of the history of education in the United States of America, the text off ers a narrative of the experiences of a Brazilian university professor in her direct work with teachers in a public elementary school in the state of New York, at this neoliberal stage. Perverse practices and technologies are used, refl ecting the impact of almost 40 years of neoliberalism’s monocultural rationality implanted in education. For teachers, obedience becomes a necessity and a virtue to save employment. Conventional behavior empties the possibility of the school to be committed to the holistic development of students. Teaching becomes even more modelled after banking, alienating. Only with the awareness of what can be expected based on this hegemonic model will Brazil and Latin America be able to build an emancipated and non-retrograde future that is more collective, egalitarian, inclusive, and democratically representative of the vox populi. This narrative is a contribution to the strengthening of the political capacity to foster educational policies that guarantee the continuation of free and emancipatory public education.Keywords: American education. Neoliberalism. Banking education Vendo de cerca el bicho en la cueva: exponiendo el impostor neoliberal en la educaciónRESUMENCon una breve descripción del contexto de la historia de la educación en la sociedad estadounidense, el texto brinda una narrativa de las experiencias de una profesora universitaria brasileña en su trabajo directo con profesores en una escuela primaria pública en el estado de New York, en la presente fase neoliberal. Prácticas y tecnologías perversas son utilizadas, refl ejando el impacto de casi cuarenta años de la racionalidad monocultural del neoliberalismo implementada en la educación. Para los profesores, la obediencia se convierte en necesidad y virtud para salvar el empleo. Su comportamiento convencional vacía la posibilidad de comprometimiento de la escuela con el desarrollo holístico de los alumnos. La enseñanza se hace aún más bancaria, alienada. Solo con conciencia del que nos puede esperar basado en este modelo hegemónico el Brasil y Latinoamérica conseguirán construir un futuro emancipador, no retrógrado, más colectivo, igualitario, inclusivo, democrático representativo de la vox populi. Es una contribución para el fortalecimiento de la capacidad política de fomentar políticas educacionales que garantizan la continuación de la educación pública, gratuita emancipadora.Palabras clave: Educación en EE.UU. Neoliberalismo. Enseñanza bancaria.

scholarly journals Book Reviews

1979 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-95
Author(s):  
James Hantula ◽  
Ronald E. Butchart ◽  
Louis Y. Van Dyke ◽  
Juan Ramón García ◽  
George Kirchmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
World War I ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The United States ◽  
State University ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Harold C. Livesay. Samuel Gompers and Organized Labor in America. Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1978. Pp. x, 195. Paper, $8.95. Review by Frank J. Rader of SUNY Empire State College. Leroy Ostransky. Jazz City: The Impact of our Cities on the Development of Jazz. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc, Inc., 1978. Pp. 274. Cloth, $10.95; paper, $5.95. Review by Barbara L. Yolleck of Columbia University and Rutgers University. Melvyn Dubofsky, Athan Theoharis, and Daniel M. Smith. The United States in the Twentieth Century. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1978. Pp. xiv, 545. Paper, $13.95. Review by Eckard V. Toy, Jr. of the University of Oregon. Jack Bass and Walter DeVries. The Transformation of Southern Politics: Social Change and Political Consequence Since 1945. New York: Meridian, 1976. Pp. xi, 531. Paper, $5.95. Review by James L. Forsythe of Fort Hays State University. Allan R. Millett, ed. A Short History of the Vietnam War. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1978. Pp. xx, 169. Cloth, $12.50; paper, $3.95. Review by Frank Burdick of SUNY College at Cortland. Barbara Mayer Wertheimer. We Were There: The Story of Working Women in America. New York: Pantheon Books, 1977. Pp. xii, 427. Paper, $6.95. Review by Sandra C. Taylor of the University of Utah. Patricia Branca. Women in Europe Since 1750. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1978. Pp. 223. Cloth, $17.95. Review by Dana Greene of St. Mary's College of Maryland. Michael Anderson. The Family and Industrialization in Western Europe. The Forum Series. St. Louis: Forum Press, 1978. Pp. 16. $1.45; Daniel R. Browner. Russia and the West: The Origins of the Russian Revolution. The Forum Series. St. Louis: Forum Press, 1975. Pp. 16. $1.45; David F. Trask. Woodrow Wilson and World War I. The Forum Series. St. Louis: Forum Press, 1975. Pp. 16. $1.45; Michael Adas. European Imperialism in Asia. The Forum Series. St. Louis: Forum Press, 1974. Pp. 16. $1.45. Review by Bullitt Lowry of North Texas State University. Deno J. Geanakoplos. Medieval Western Civilization and the Byzantine and Islamic Worlds. Lexington, Massachusetts: D. C. Heath and Co., 1979. Pp. xii, 513. Cloth, $12.95. Review by Delno C. West of Northern Arizona University. Edward Crankshaw. The Shadow of the Winter Palace: The Drift to Revolution, 1825-1917. New York: Penguin Books, 1978. Pp. 509. Paper, $3.95. Review by George Kirchmann of John Jay College of Criminal Justice. Samuel H. Mayo. A History of Mexico: From Pre-Columbia to Present. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1978. Pp. xi, 454. Paper, $9.95. Review by Juan Ramón García of the University of Michigan-Flint. By What Standard? A Response to Ronald E. Butchart by Louis Y. Van Dyke- Response by Ronald E. Butchart. Textbooks and the New York Times American History Examination. Review by James Hantula of the University of Northern Iowa.

Weavers of Dreams, Unite!

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean P. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
The United States ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Cultural Hierarchy ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
History Of

Published to coincide with the centenary of the founding of the Actors' Equity Association in 1913, this book explores the history of actors' unionism in the United States from the late nineteenth century to the onset of the Great Depression. Drawing upon hitherto untapped archival resources in New York and Los Angeles, the book documents how American stage actors used trade unionism to construct for themselves an occupational identity that foregrounded both their artistry and their respectability. In the process, the book paints a vivid picture of life on the theatrical shop floor in an era in which economic, cultural, and technological changes were transforming the nature of acting as work. An engaging study that stands at a scholarly intersection where a number of disciplines converge, this book offers important insights into the nature of cultural production in the early twentieth century, the role of class in the construction of cultural hierarchy, and the special problems that unionization posed for workers in the commercial entertainment industry.

Thomas Hooker—Puritanism and Democratic Citizenship

1963 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sydney E. Ahlstrom
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New England ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The United States ◽  
Democratic Citizenship ◽  
American Democracy ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
George Bancroft

In a special advertising supplement to the New York Times (May 6, 1962) the State of Connecticut sponsored an old claim: “The world's first written constitution, creating government by consent of the governed, appeared in Connecticut in 1639.” The diverse implications of this venerable assertion and their relation to the Rev. Thomas Hooker are the subject of the present essay. Intimations that Hooker deserved remembrance as a champion of liberty date at least to William Hubbard's General History of New England, written in the 1670's. But full-blown theories came after 1776, and especially after Dr. J. Hammond Trumbull's discovery in 1860 of a remarkable notebook of sermon notes taken down in cipher between April, 1638, and April, 1641, by Henry Wolcott, Jr. of Windsor. Herein was found an outline of Hooker's now famous sermon to the Connecticut Court on May 31, 1638, as that body began its historic deliberations on a “Frame of Government.” George Bancroft would reflect the impact of this find in the revised edition of his widely read History of the United States. He saw in Hooker's pronouncements the “seed” whence flowered the “first of the series of written American constitutions.” Paraphrasing Ezekiel Roger's epitaph, Bancroft refers to Hooker as “the one rich pearl with which Europe more than repaid America for the treasures from her coast.” John Fiske in his work on The Beginnings of New England (1889) would claim even more stridently that Thomas Hooker “deserves more than any other man to be called the father [of American democracy].” George Leon Walker accepted Fiske's judgment and subtitled his biography “Preacher, Founder, Democrat.”

The Modernities of H. Lawrence Freeman

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 719-779
Author(s):  
David Gutkin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New York ◽  
Reception History ◽  
Black Press ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
White Press ◽  
Grand Opera

H. Lawrence Freeman's “Negro Jazz Grand Opera,” Voodoo, was premiered in 1928 in Manhattan's Broadway district. Its reception bespoke competing, racially charged values that underpinned the idea of the “modern” in the 1920s. The white press critiqued the opera for its allegedly anxiety-ridden indebtedness to nineteenth-century European conventions, while the black press hailed it as the pathbreaking work of a “pioneer composer.” Taking the reception history of Voodoo as a starting point, this article shows how Freeman's lifelong project, the creation of what he would call “Negro Grand Opera,” mediated between disparate and sometimes apparently irreconcilable figurations of the modern that spanned the late nineteenth century through the interwar years: Wagnerism, uplift ideology, primitivism, and popular music (including, but not limited to, jazz). I focus on Freeman's inheritance of a worldview that could be called progressivist, evolutionist, or, to borrow a term from Wilson Moses, civilizationist. I then trace the complex relationship between this mode of imagining modernity and subsequent versions of modernism that Freeman engaged with during the first decades of the twentieth century. Through readings of Freeman's aesthetic manifestos and his stylistically syncretic musical corpus I show how ideas about race inflected the process by which the qualitatively modern slips out of joint with temporal modernity. The most substantial musical analysis examines leitmotivic transformations that play out across Freeman's jazz opera American Romance (1924–29): lions become subways; Mississippi becomes New York; and jazz, like modernity itself, keeps metamorphosing. A concluding section considers a broader set of questions concerning the historiography of modernism and modernity.

Louis Menand: The Metaphysical Club: A Story of Ideas in America. 2001. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. 546 pp.

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
Lance Kenney
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Cold War ◽  
William James ◽  
The United States ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
Cultural Impact ◽  
Oliver Wendell Holmes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Charles Peirce ◽  
The Cold War

Louis Menand’s The Metaphysical Club, daunting in its choice of subject matter, closely aligns itself with the ancient sense of the word ‘history’ as a fluid, almost epic narrative. The Metaphysical Club of the title was a conversation group that met in Cambridge for a few months in 1872. Its membership roster listed some of the greatest intellectuals of the day: Charles Peirce, William James, Oliver Wendell Holmes, Chauncey Wright, amongst others. There is no record of the Club’s discussions or debates—in fact, the only direct reference to the Club is made by Peirce in a letter written thirty-five years later. Menand utilizes the Club as a jumping-off point for a sweeping analysis of the beliefs of the day. The subtitle of the book belies its true mission: ‘a story of ideas in America.’ Menand discusses the intellectual and social conditions that helped shape these men by the time they were members of the Club. He then shows the philosophical, political, and cultural impact that these men went on to have. In doing so, Menand traces a history of ideas in the United States from immediately prior to the Civil War to the beginning of the Cold War.

Functioning of Ukrainian Bureau in Washington D. C. (March 1939 – May 1940)

2019 ◽  
pp. 142-157
Author(s):  
Danylo Kravets
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
The United States ◽  
College Degrees ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Government ◽  
General Functioning ◽  
History Of ◽  
Governmental Institutions ◽  
History Of Journalism ◽  
The Military

The aim of the Ukrainian Bureau in Washington was propaganda of Ukrainian question among US government and American publicity in general. Functioning of the Bureau is not represented non in Ukrainian neither in foreign historiographies, so that’s why the main goal of presented paper is to investigate its activity. The research is based on personal papers of Ukrainian diaspora representatives (O. Granovskyi, E. Skotzko, E. Onatskyi) and articles from American and Ukrainian newspapers. The second mass immigration of Ukrainians to the US (1914‒1930s) has often been called the «military» immigration and what it lacked in numbers, it made up in quality. Most immigrants were educated, some with college degrees. The founder of the Ukrainian Bureau Eugene Skotzko was born near Western Ukrainian town of Zoloczhiv and immigrated to the United States in late 1920s after graduating from Lviv Polytechnic University. In New York he began to collaborate with OUN member O. Senyk-Hrabivskyi who gave E. Skotzko task to create informational bureau for propaganda of Ukrainian case. On March 23 1939 the Bureau was founded in Washington D. C. E. Skotzko was an editor of its Informational Bulletins. The Bureau biggest problem was lack of financial support. It was the main reason why it stopped functioning in May 1940. During 14 months of functioning Ukrainian Bureau in Washington posted dozens of informational bulletins and send it to hundreds of addressees; E. Skotzko, as a director, personally wrote to American governmental institutions and foreign diplomats informing about Ukrainian problem in Europe. Ukrainian Bureau activity is an inspiring example for those who care for informational policy of modern Ukraine.Keywords: Ukrainian small encyclopedia, Yevhen Onatsky, journalism, worldview, Ukrainian state. Keywords: Ukrainian Bureau in Washington, Eugene Skotzko, public opinion, history of journalism, diaspora.

Theodore H. Friedgut, Stepmother Russia, Foster Mother America: Identity Transitions in the New Odessa Jewish Commune, Odessa, Oregon, New York, 1881–1891, together with Israel Mandelkern, Recollections of a Communist (ed. and annotated Theodore H. Friedgut). Boston: Academic Studies Press, 2014. 199 pp.

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New York ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Foster Mother ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Identity Transitions ◽  
Israeli Kibbutz

This chapter reviews the book Stepmother Russia, Foster Mother America: Identity Transitions in the New Odessa Jewish Commune, Odessa, Oregon, New York, 1881–1891 (2014), by Theodore H. Friedgut, together with Israel Mandelkern, Recollections of a Communist (edited and annotated by Theodore H. Friedgut). Stepmother Russia, Foster Mother America is a two-in-one volume that explores an obscure episode in the history of the Jews in the late nineteenth century while at the same time connecting much of its content to the author’s own life experience as a son of western Canada’s Jewish farming colonies and, later, as an ideologically driven halutz on an Israeli kibbutz. Stepmother Russia, Foster Mother America retells one branch of the mostly forgotten history of the Am Olam agricultural movement and brings a new layer into the discussion of global Jewish agrarianism, while Recollections of a Communist offers an edited and annotated version of a memoir written by Mandelkern.

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